上海交通大学学报（医学版）

›› 2012, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 847-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2012.07.006

• 专题报道（上海市青少年烟草使用调查研究） • 上一篇    下一篇

校园控烟教育与环境干预对中学生吸烟行为的影响

何亚平, 朱静芬, 李 娜, 蔡 泳, 陶婧婧, 孙文豪, 马 进   

  1. 上海交通大学 公共卫生学院, 上海 200025
  • 出版日期:2012-07-28 发布日期:2012-08-17
  • 通讯作者: 马 进, 电子信箱: majin@shsmu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:何亚平（1964—）, 女, 副教授, 博士；电子信箱: hypcyr@hotmail.com。
  • 基金资助:

    上海市卫生局科研项目（20114093）；美国Emory大学卓越控烟项目（1362-SJTU-S2）； 上海市教委文科创新重点项目（12ZS106）

Influence of school anti-smoking education and environment intervention on smoking behavior of middle school students

HE Ya-ping, ZHU Jing-fen, LI Na, CAI Yong, TAO Jing-jing, SUN Wen-hao, MA Jin   

  1. School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China
  • Online:2012-07-28 Published:2012-08-17
  • Supported by:

    Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau Foundation, 20114093；Emory University Foundation, 1362-SJTU-S2；Shanghai Education Committee Foundation, 12ZS106

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摘要：

目的 研究校园控烟教育和环境干预对中学生吸烟行为的影响。方法 以分层整群随机抽样的方法，对上海市闵行区20所学校的9 398名中学生进行问卷调查，内容包括人口学特征、对待烟草使用态度和行为、学校控烟教育状况以及社会和家庭环境等。对学校控烟教育负责人逐个进行访谈，分别评估校园制度建设、控烟宣传教育、校园控烟标识和环境管理等12项内容（无烟学校制度建设6项，控烟教育措施和环境评估6项），赋值后分别定义为校园控烟效果好、一般和较差。分析校园控烟效果与学生吸烟行为和烟草信息敏感度的关系，以及中学不同阶段（不同年龄）和父母和同伴的吸烟情况对校园控烟教育认同的影响。结果 与校园控烟效果较差的学校比较，校园控烟效果好的学校学生的尝试吸烟率下降3.1%，实际吸烟率下降1.2%；校园控烟效果对中学生对烟草信息敏感度有显著影响。随着年龄的增长，中学生对校园控烟教育的认同趋于下降，初中生和高中生对吸烟持反对态度者比例分别为86.6%和58.2%，持支持态度者比例则分别为0.9%和1.5%；中学生对烟草危害的认知程度与校园控烟教育水平有关，对校园控烟教育的认同程度与父母和同伴是否吸烟有关。结论 校园控烟教育与环境干预对降低中学生的尝试吸烟率和实际吸烟率有一定的作用。青少年吸烟是一个复杂的社会行为，需要更加有针对性的干预方式。

关键词: 校园控烟教育, 环境干预, 吸烟行为, 中学生

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the influence of anti-smoking education and environment intervention on smoking behavior of middle school students. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted, and 9 398 middle school students were selected from 20 schools in Minhang District of Shanghai. Questionnaire survey was conducted, which was concerned with demographic characteristics, attitude and behavior towards tobacco use, school anti-smoking education, and social and family environment. One by one interview with school anti-smoking education heads was conducted, along with the evaluation of 12 school anti-smoking items such as system construction, education content, markers and environment management (6 items of smoking-free school system construction and 6 items of evaluation of anti-smoking education and environment), and the evaluation results were scored and described as good, moderate and poor. The correlation of school anti-smoking effect with smoking behavior of students and tabacco information sensitivity was analysed, and the influence of age and smoking status of parents and peers on school antismoking eduction identity was explored. Results Compared with schools with poor school anti-smoking effect, the attempted smoking rate and actual smoking rate of schools with good school anti-smoking effect decreased by 3.1% and 1.2% respectively. The school anti-smoking effect had significant influence on tobacco information sensitivity of middle school students. The identity on school anti-smoking education decreased with age, the percents of junior middle school students and senior high school students holding negative attitude towards smoking were 86.6% and 58.2% respectively, and those holding positive attitude towards smoking were 0.9% and 1.5% respectively. The recognition on harms of smoking was related to school anti-smoking education, and the identity on school anti-smoking education was related to the status of parent and peer smoking for middle school students. Conclusion School anti-smoking and environment intervention can reduce the attempted smoking rate and actual smoking rate of middle school students to some extent. However, adolescent smoking is a complicated social behavior, which requires more efficient intervention.

Key words: school anti-smoking education, environment intervention, smoking behavior, middle school student