上海交通大学学报(医学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 1315-1322.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2022.09.019
• 论著 · 临床研究 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2022-05-27
接受日期:
2022-07-17
出版日期:
2022-09-28
发布日期:
2022-09-28
通讯作者:
王振
E-mail:zhaoqing@smhc.org.cn;wangzhen@smhc.org.cn
作者简介:
赵 青(1990—),女,住院医师,硕士;电子信箱:zhaoqing@smhc.org.cn。
基金资助:
ZHAO Qing(), GU Wenjie, WANG Zhen()
Received:
2022-05-27
Accepted:
2022-07-17
Online:
2022-09-28
Published:
2022-09-28
Contact:
WANG Zhen
E-mail:zhaoqing@smhc.org.cn;wangzhen@smhc.org.cn
Supported by:
摘要:
目的·探讨强迫症患者童年创伤、人格特质及心理防御机制特点,以及人格特质、防御方式在童年创伤与强迫症状之间的中介作用。方法·纳入113例符合美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》(第五版)(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5,DSM-5)诊断标准的强迫症患者(强迫症组),以及66例年龄、性别、受教育程度相匹配的健康志愿者(对照组)。使用Yale-Brown强迫症状量表(Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale,Y-BOCS)评估强迫症患者的症状严重程度;使用童年创伤问卷(Childhood Trauma Questionnaire,CTQ)评估患者16岁前的创伤经历;使用大五人格量表(NEO Five-Factor Inventory,NEO-FFI)测量其人格特质;使用防御方式问卷(Defense Style Questionnaire, DSQ)评估患者的防御方式类型,分析患者的童年创伤、强迫症状、人格与防御机制之间的相关性,及人格与防御机制在童年创伤与强迫症状间的中介作用。结果·强迫症组患者情感虐待[8(5,25) 分 vs 6(5,22) 分]、不成熟防御机制[(4.65±1.01) 分 vs (3.60±0.99) 分]评分高于对照组(均P<0.05)。强迫症患者Y-BOCS总分与CTQ中情感虐待分量表评分(r=0.211,P<0.05)、不成熟防御机制(r=0.274,P<0.05)呈正相关;NEO-FFI中神经质与不成熟防御机制呈正相关(r=0.468,P<0.05)。中介模型显示不成熟防御机制在情感虐待与强迫症状间起完全中介作用,中介作用大小为0.088(95%CI 0.003~0.173,P<0.05);神经质在情感虐待和不成熟防御机制间起部分中介作用,中介作用大小为0.117(95%CI 0.014~0.219,P<0.05)。结论·相比于健康人群,强迫症患者经历了更多童年期情感及躯体创伤,具有异常的神经质、外向性及尽责性的人格特质,倾向于使用不成熟防御机制。情感虐待通过神经质人格影响了不成熟防御机制,进而对强迫症状产生了影响。
中图分类号:
赵青, 顾文洁, 王振. 强迫症患者的神经质人格和不成熟防御机制在童年创伤与强迫症状中的中介作用[J]. 上海交通大学学报(医学版), 2022, 42(9): 1315-1322.
ZHAO Qing, GU Wenjie, WANG Zhen. Mediating effects of neuroticism and immature defense on relationship between childhood trauma and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2022, 42(9): 1315-1322.
Item | OCD group (n=113) | Control group (n=66) | t/Z value | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Emotional abuse | 8 (5,25) | 6 (5,22) | -2.154 | 0.031 |
Physical abuse | 6 (5,22) | 5 (5,16) | -2.585 | 0.010 |
Sexual abuse | 5 (5,15) | 5 (5,16) | -1.109 | 0.268 |
Emotional neglect | 12 (5,25) | 11 (5,21) | -2.205 | 0.027 |
Physical neglect | 9 (5,18) | 7 (5,17) | -2.026 | 0.043 |
Neuroticism | 38 (25,46) | 34 (26,41) | -5.876 | 0.000 |
Extraversion | 37 (24,49) | 41 (31,50) | -5.314 | 0.000 |
Openness | 34.90±5.58 | 33.77±5.97 | 1.273 | 0.205 |
Agreeableness | 33.55±3.50 | 33.53±3.43 | 0.034 | 0.973 |
Conscientiousness | 36 (23,45) | 38 (30,53) | -4.410 | 0.000 |
表1 强迫症组与对照组童年创伤及人格特质的比较
Tab 1 Comparison of childhood trauma and personality traits between OCD group and control group
Item | OCD group (n=113) | Control group (n=66) | t/Z value | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Emotional abuse | 8 (5,25) | 6 (5,22) | -2.154 | 0.031 |
Physical abuse | 6 (5,22) | 5 (5,16) | -2.585 | 0.010 |
Sexual abuse | 5 (5,15) | 5 (5,16) | -1.109 | 0.268 |
Emotional neglect | 12 (5,25) | 11 (5,21) | -2.205 | 0.027 |
Physical neglect | 9 (5,18) | 7 (5,17) | -2.026 | 0.043 |
Neuroticism | 38 (25,46) | 34 (26,41) | -5.876 | 0.000 |
Extraversion | 37 (24,49) | 41 (31,50) | -5.314 | 0.000 |
Openness | 34.90±5.58 | 33.77±5.97 | 1.273 | 0.205 |
Agreeableness | 33.55±3.50 | 33.53±3.43 | 0.034 | 0.973 |
Conscientiousness | 36 (23,45) | 38 (30,53) | -4.410 | 0.000 |
Defense style | OCD group (n=113) | Control group (n=66) | t/Z value | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Immature defense style | 4.65±1.01 | 3.60±0.99 | 6.806 | 0.000 |
Projection | 3.44 (1.00,8.56) | 2.56 (1.00,4.89) | -3.487 | 0.000 |
Passive aggression | 4.33±1.38 | 3.39±1.33 | 4.448 | 0.000 |
Acting out | 5.78±1.30 | 4.02±1.40 | 8.351 | 0.000 |
Complaining | 4.67 (1.00,8.00) | 3.33 (1.00,6.33) | -3.790 | 0.000 |
Fantasy | 7.00 (1.00,9.00) | 5.50 (1.00,9.00) | -3.572 | 0.000 |
Dissociation | 5.33 (1.00,9.00) | 4.67 (1.00,7.00) | -3.736 | 0.000 |
Regression | 6.00 (1.00,9.00) | 4.00 (1.00,9.00) | -5.700 | 0.000 |
Somatization | 5.00 (1.00,9.00) | 4.50 (1.00,8.00) | -4.496 | 0.000 |
Mature defense style | 5.00 (1.88,6.88) | 5.63 (1.00,7.63) | -3.041 | 0.002 |
Sublimation | 5.67 (1.00,9.00) | 5.67 (1.00,8.33) | -0.106 | 0.915 |
Suppression | 5.00 (1.00,8.50) | 6.50 (1.00,9.00) | -3.774 | 0.000 |
Humor | 4.67 (1.00,9.00) | 5.00 (1.00,7.00) | -3.053 | 0.002 |
Intermediate defense style | 4.60±0.70 | 4.30±0.73 | 2.747 | 0.007 |
Reaction formation | 3.80 (1.20,7.40) | 4.00 (1.00,5.80) | -0.794 | 0.427 |
Undoing | 6.00 (2.33,9.00) | 4.67 (1.00,8.00) | -6.198 | 0.000 |
Repression | 5.20 (1.00,8.00) | 4.60 (1.00,6.80) | -3.084 | 0.002 |
Avoidance | 5.67 (1.00,9.00) | 5.67 (1.00,8.00) | -0.913 | 0.361 |
Idealization | 5.00 (1.00,9.00) | 5.00 (1.00,9.00) | -0.766 | 0.444 |
Pseudo-altruism | 5.00 (1.00,9.00) | 3.50 (1.00,9.00) | -2.821 | 0.005 |
Omnipotence | 3.83 (1.00,7.50) | 3.50 (1.00,5.67) | -1.581 | 0.114 |
Splitting | 4.25 (1.25,7.75) | 4.50 (1.00,7.25) | -0.717 | 0.473 |
Identification | 5.00 (1.00,9.00) | 3.50 (1.00,9.00) | -2.821 | 0.005 |
Denial | 4.33 (1.00,7.00) | 4.50 (1.00,8.33) | -1.497 | 0.134 |
Socialization | 5.00 (1.00,9.00) | 4.50 (1.00,8.00) | -1.133 | 0.257 |
Consuming | 3.67 (1.33,8.00) | 3.33 (1.00,5.33) | -1.803 | 0.071 |
Anticipating | 6.00 (2.00,9.00) | 6.00 (1.00,8.50) | -0.533 | 0.594 |
Masking | 5.60 (1.20,8.60) | 4.95 (1.70,6.90) | -4.832 | 0.000 |
表2 强迫症组与对照组防御方式的比较
Tab 2 Comparison of defense style between OCD group and control group
Defense style | OCD group (n=113) | Control group (n=66) | t/Z value | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Immature defense style | 4.65±1.01 | 3.60±0.99 | 6.806 | 0.000 |
Projection | 3.44 (1.00,8.56) | 2.56 (1.00,4.89) | -3.487 | 0.000 |
Passive aggression | 4.33±1.38 | 3.39±1.33 | 4.448 | 0.000 |
Acting out | 5.78±1.30 | 4.02±1.40 | 8.351 | 0.000 |
Complaining | 4.67 (1.00,8.00) | 3.33 (1.00,6.33) | -3.790 | 0.000 |
Fantasy | 7.00 (1.00,9.00) | 5.50 (1.00,9.00) | -3.572 | 0.000 |
Dissociation | 5.33 (1.00,9.00) | 4.67 (1.00,7.00) | -3.736 | 0.000 |
Regression | 6.00 (1.00,9.00) | 4.00 (1.00,9.00) | -5.700 | 0.000 |
Somatization | 5.00 (1.00,9.00) | 4.50 (1.00,8.00) | -4.496 | 0.000 |
Mature defense style | 5.00 (1.88,6.88) | 5.63 (1.00,7.63) | -3.041 | 0.002 |
Sublimation | 5.67 (1.00,9.00) | 5.67 (1.00,8.33) | -0.106 | 0.915 |
Suppression | 5.00 (1.00,8.50) | 6.50 (1.00,9.00) | -3.774 | 0.000 |
Humor | 4.67 (1.00,9.00) | 5.00 (1.00,7.00) | -3.053 | 0.002 |
Intermediate defense style | 4.60±0.70 | 4.30±0.73 | 2.747 | 0.007 |
Reaction formation | 3.80 (1.20,7.40) | 4.00 (1.00,5.80) | -0.794 | 0.427 |
Undoing | 6.00 (2.33,9.00) | 4.67 (1.00,8.00) | -6.198 | 0.000 |
Repression | 5.20 (1.00,8.00) | 4.60 (1.00,6.80) | -3.084 | 0.002 |
Avoidance | 5.67 (1.00,9.00) | 5.67 (1.00,8.00) | -0.913 | 0.361 |
Idealization | 5.00 (1.00,9.00) | 5.00 (1.00,9.00) | -0.766 | 0.444 |
Pseudo-altruism | 5.00 (1.00,9.00) | 3.50 (1.00,9.00) | -2.821 | 0.005 |
Omnipotence | 3.83 (1.00,7.50) | 3.50 (1.00,5.67) | -1.581 | 0.114 |
Splitting | 4.25 (1.25,7.75) | 4.50 (1.00,7.25) | -0.717 | 0.473 |
Identification | 5.00 (1.00,9.00) | 3.50 (1.00,9.00) | -2.821 | 0.005 |
Denial | 4.33 (1.00,7.00) | 4.50 (1.00,8.33) | -1.497 | 0.134 |
Socialization | 5.00 (1.00,9.00) | 4.50 (1.00,8.00) | -1.133 | 0.257 |
Consuming | 3.67 (1.33,8.00) | 3.33 (1.00,5.33) | -1.803 | 0.071 |
Anticipating | 6.00 (2.00,9.00) | 6.00 (1.00,8.50) | -0.533 | 0.594 |
Masking | 5.60 (1.20,8.60) | 4.95 (1.70,6.90) | -4.832 | 0.000 |
Item | Immature defense style | Mature defense style | Intermediate defense style | Masking | Neuroticism | Extraversion | Openness | Agreeableness | Conscientiousness | Y-BOCS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Emotional abuse | 0.427① | 0.054 | 0.173 | 0.177 | 0.220⑨ | -0.128 | -0.007 | -0.080 | -0.117 | 0.211⑫ |
Physical abuse | 0.263⑤ | 0.081 | 0.129 | 0.162 | 0.215⑪ | -0.177 | 0.029 | 0.065 | 0.006 | 0.141 |
Sexual abuse | 0.175 | 0.059 | 0.238⑧ | 0.055 | 0.096 | -0.064 | -0.027 | 0.014 | 0.022 | 0.042 |
Emotional neglect | 0.353① | -0.156 | 0.162 | 0.095 | 0.084 | -0.113 | 0.312② | 0.025 | -0.107 | -0.033 |
Physical neglect | 0.295③ | -0.003 | 0.248⑦ | 0.067 | 0.103 | -0.208⑬ | 0.162 | 0.095 | 0.117 | 0.096 |
Neuroticism | 0.468① | -0.017 | 0.081 | 0.317② | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ |
Extraversion | -0.089 | 0.165 | -0.024 | -0.005 | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ |
Openness | 0.015 | -0.219⑩ | -0.099 | 0.098 | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ |
Agreeableness | 0.024 | 0.057 | -0.014 | 0.123 | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ |
Conscientiousness | -0.254⑥ | 0.411① | 0.169 | -0.138 | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ |
Y-BOCS | 0.274④ | -0.060 | 0.009 | 0.148 | 0.153 | -0.117 | 0.068 | -0.030 | -0.172 | ‒ |
表3 强迫症组童年创伤各分量表与防御方式及强迫症状的相关分析(r)
Tab 3 Correlation analysis between subscales of childhood trauma and defense style and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in OCD group (r)
Item | Immature defense style | Mature defense style | Intermediate defense style | Masking | Neuroticism | Extraversion | Openness | Agreeableness | Conscientiousness | Y-BOCS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Emotional abuse | 0.427① | 0.054 | 0.173 | 0.177 | 0.220⑨ | -0.128 | -0.007 | -0.080 | -0.117 | 0.211⑫ |
Physical abuse | 0.263⑤ | 0.081 | 0.129 | 0.162 | 0.215⑪ | -0.177 | 0.029 | 0.065 | 0.006 | 0.141 |
Sexual abuse | 0.175 | 0.059 | 0.238⑧ | 0.055 | 0.096 | -0.064 | -0.027 | 0.014 | 0.022 | 0.042 |
Emotional neglect | 0.353① | -0.156 | 0.162 | 0.095 | 0.084 | -0.113 | 0.312② | 0.025 | -0.107 | -0.033 |
Physical neglect | 0.295③ | -0.003 | 0.248⑦ | 0.067 | 0.103 | -0.208⑬ | 0.162 | 0.095 | 0.117 | 0.096 |
Neuroticism | 0.468① | -0.017 | 0.081 | 0.317② | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ |
Extraversion | -0.089 | 0.165 | -0.024 | -0.005 | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ |
Openness | 0.015 | -0.219⑩ | -0.099 | 0.098 | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ |
Agreeableness | 0.024 | 0.057 | -0.014 | 0.123 | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ |
Conscientiousness | -0.254⑥ | 0.411① | 0.169 | -0.138 | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ |
Y-BOCS | 0.274④ | -0.060 | 0.009 | 0.148 | 0.153 | -0.117 | 0.068 | -0.030 | -0.172 | ‒ |
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