目的 ·引入挫败感量表（ defeat scale，DS），评价该量表在低年级医学生中测量的信度和效度。方法 ·将由 Gilbert和 Allan编制的 DS汉化后，使用方便抽样的方法对某医学院低年级共 665名医学生进行评测，并于 1个月后对其中 29名学生进行重测。采用因子分析、相关分析探索中文版量表的结构效度、校标效度及内容效度。采用内部一致性信度（ Cronbachs α系数）、对半信度（Spearman-Brown系数）及重测信度 3个指标检测量表的信度。结果 ·探索性因子分析显示，该量表可提取 2个因子即颓败感（ 13个条目）和低成就感（ 3个条目）。验证性因子分析显示，两因子修正的模型拟合情况优良（ χ2/df7.199，RMSEA0.097，CFI0.925）。内容效度各条目与所属分维度的相关系数在 0.678～ 0.889之间。 DS与抑郁症筛查量表以及与罗森伯格自尊量表的相关系数分别为 0.738和 -0.712；且 DS的 Cronbach′s α系数为 0.933，Spearman-Brown系数为 0.925，重测信度高于 0.900。结论 · DS在低年级医学生群体中具有良好的效度和信度。

Objective · To introduce the defeat scale (DS) and evaluate its reliability and validity among Chinese junior medical students. Methods · With convenience sample method, 665 medical students were examinedthe Chinese version of DS, and 29 of them were retested one month later. The structural validity, criterion validity, and content validity of DS were accessedfactor analysis and correlation analysis. The reliability of DS was evaluatedinternal consistency reliability (Cronbachs α coefficient), split-half reliability (Spearman-Brown coefficient), and retest reliability. Results · The exploratory factor analysis showed that two factors including decadence (13 items) and low sense of achievement (3 items) could be extracted. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that model revisedtwo factors fitted well (χ2/df7.199, RMSEA0.097, CFI0.925). The correlation coefficient between each item of content validity and its sub-dimension were among 0.678-0.889. The correlation coefficient was 0.738 between DS and patients health questionnaire depression scale-9 item, and -0.712 between DS and Rosenberg self-esteem scale. The Cronbachs α coefficient of DS was 0.933, the Spearman-Brown coefficient was 0.925, and the retest reliability was higher than 0.900. Conclusion · The DS has good validity and reliability among Chinese junior medical students.