Abstract:

Heart failure has been divided into heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (systolic heart failure) and heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HF-NEF) or heart failure with preserved systolic function (HF-PSF). Systolic heart failure has been more thoroughly studied than HF-NEF. However, the prevalence and mortality (especially in the elderly) of HF-NEF are much higher than expected. Therefore, the pathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis of HF-NEF and the left atrial function in HF-NEF correlated with diastolic dysfunction have become the research focus.

Key words: heart failure with normal ejection fraction, left atrial function, left atrial enlargement, left atrial volume, echocardiography