Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science) ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 665-672.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2023.06.002
• Pediatric asthma column • Previous Articles
WANG Yingwen1(), LI Xiaoling2(), DAI Jiajia2, LIU Fang1, HUANG Jianfeng2, WANG Libo2, ZHANG Xiaobo2(), FENG Rui3()
Received:
2023-02-26
Accepted:
2023-05-17
Online:
2023-06-28
Published:
2023-06-28
Contact:
ZHANG Xiaobo,FENG Rui
E-mail:yingwenwong@163.com;18211240037@fudan.edu.cn;zhangxiaobo0307@163.com;fengrui@fudan.edu.cn
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CLC Number:
WANG Yingwen, LI Xiaoling, DAI Jiajia, LIU Fang, HUANG Jianfeng, WANG Libo, ZHANG Xiaobo, FENG Rui. Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of severe asthma in children: a single-center prospective cohort study[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2023, 43(6): 665-672.
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URL: https://xuebao.shsmu.edu.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2023.06.002
Item | Non-severe asthma (n=622) | Severe asthma (n=52) | Z/χ2 value | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Male/n(%) | 419 (67.4) | 37 (71.2) | 0.166 | 0.684 |
Age/year | 9.0 (6.0, 13.0) | 9.0 (6.8, 12.2) | 0.228 | 0.820 |
Age groups/n(%) | 0.003 | 0.957 | ||
6‒11 years old | 338 (54.3) | 29 (55.8) | ||
12‒17 years old | 284 (45.7) | 23 (44.2) | ||
Gestational age<37 weeks/n(%) | 33 (5.3) | 5 (9.6) | 0.963 | 0.326 |
Birth weight<2 500 g/n(%) | 59 (9.5) | 6 (11.5) | 0.056 | 0.812 |
Taking vitamin D supplements regularly until 3-year-old/n(%) | 277 (44.5) | 27 (51.9) | 0.781 | 0.377 |
Taking vitamin D supplements regularly during pregnancy/n(%) | 298 (47.9) | 31 (59.6) | 2.184 | 0.139 |
Mother′s age at delivery/year | 29.0 (26.0, 32.0) | 29.0 (27.0, 31.2) | -0.242 | 0.809 |
Breastfeeding≥6 months/n(%) | 333 (53.5) | 10 (19.2) | 21.247 | 0.000 |
Reside in city/n(%) | 539 (86.7) | 46 (88.5) | 0.024 | 0.876 |
Expose to second-hand smoking at home/n(%) | 95 (15.3) | 15 (28.8) | 5.518 | 0.019 |
Long-term use of air conditioning/n(%) | 501 (80.5) | 52 (100.0) | 11.044 | 0.001 |
Annual household income/n(%) | 0.349 | 0.840 | ||
<100 000 CNY | 101 (16.2) | 8 (15.4) | ||
≥100 000 and <200 000 CNY | 307 (49.4) | 24 (46.2) | ||
≥200 000 CNY | 214 (34.4) | 20 (38.5) | ||
Educational level of the main household/n(%) | 0.067 | 0.796 | ||
Senior high school or lower | 116 (18.6) | 11 (21.2) | ||
College and above | 506 (81.4) | 41 (78.8) | ||
Comorbidity/n(%) | ||||
Obesity | 137 (22.0) | 17 (32.7) | 2.522 | 0.112 |
Obstructive sleep apnea | 59 (9.5) | 8 (15.4) | 1.265 | 0.261 |
Rhinitis/sinusitis | 317 (51.0) | 38 (73.1) | 8.546 | 0.003 |
MARS-A≥4.5/n(%) | 301 (48.4) | 17 (32.7) | 4.137 | 0.042 |
Correct inhaler technique/n(%) | 140 (22.5) | 17 (32.7) | 2.245 | 0.134 |
Pulmonary function/n(%) | ||||
FEV1%pred<80% | 2 (0.3) | 17 (32.7) | 171.928 | 0.000 |
FEV1/FVC<80% | 0 (0) | 7 (13.5) | 72.019 | 0.000 |
Small airway dysfunction① | 32 (5.1) | 40 (76.9) | 251.658 | 0.000 |
EOS>300 μL-1/n(%) | 329 (52.9) | 46 (88.5) | 23.176 | 0.000 |
IgE>200 (IU·L-1)/n(%) | 260 (41.8) | 47 (90.4) | 43.733 | 0.000 |
FeNO>20 or 25 ppb②/n(%) | 390 (62.7) | 52 (100.0) | 27.947 | 0.000 |
C-AST or ACT<20/n(%) | 51 (8.2) | 52 (100.0) | 305.321 | 0.000 |
Tab 1 Baseline characteristics of children diagnosed with severe and non-severe asthma at the 12-month follow-up (n=674)
Item | Non-severe asthma (n=622) | Severe asthma (n=52) | Z/χ2 value | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Male/n(%) | 419 (67.4) | 37 (71.2) | 0.166 | 0.684 |
Age/year | 9.0 (6.0, 13.0) | 9.0 (6.8, 12.2) | 0.228 | 0.820 |
Age groups/n(%) | 0.003 | 0.957 | ||
6‒11 years old | 338 (54.3) | 29 (55.8) | ||
12‒17 years old | 284 (45.7) | 23 (44.2) | ||
Gestational age<37 weeks/n(%) | 33 (5.3) | 5 (9.6) | 0.963 | 0.326 |
Birth weight<2 500 g/n(%) | 59 (9.5) | 6 (11.5) | 0.056 | 0.812 |
Taking vitamin D supplements regularly until 3-year-old/n(%) | 277 (44.5) | 27 (51.9) | 0.781 | 0.377 |
Taking vitamin D supplements regularly during pregnancy/n(%) | 298 (47.9) | 31 (59.6) | 2.184 | 0.139 |
Mother′s age at delivery/year | 29.0 (26.0, 32.0) | 29.0 (27.0, 31.2) | -0.242 | 0.809 |
Breastfeeding≥6 months/n(%) | 333 (53.5) | 10 (19.2) | 21.247 | 0.000 |
Reside in city/n(%) | 539 (86.7) | 46 (88.5) | 0.024 | 0.876 |
Expose to second-hand smoking at home/n(%) | 95 (15.3) | 15 (28.8) | 5.518 | 0.019 |
Long-term use of air conditioning/n(%) | 501 (80.5) | 52 (100.0) | 11.044 | 0.001 |
Annual household income/n(%) | 0.349 | 0.840 | ||
<100 000 CNY | 101 (16.2) | 8 (15.4) | ||
≥100 000 and <200 000 CNY | 307 (49.4) | 24 (46.2) | ||
≥200 000 CNY | 214 (34.4) | 20 (38.5) | ||
Educational level of the main household/n(%) | 0.067 | 0.796 | ||
Senior high school or lower | 116 (18.6) | 11 (21.2) | ||
College and above | 506 (81.4) | 41 (78.8) | ||
Comorbidity/n(%) | ||||
Obesity | 137 (22.0) | 17 (32.7) | 2.522 | 0.112 |
Obstructive sleep apnea | 59 (9.5) | 8 (15.4) | 1.265 | 0.261 |
Rhinitis/sinusitis | 317 (51.0) | 38 (73.1) | 8.546 | 0.003 |
MARS-A≥4.5/n(%) | 301 (48.4) | 17 (32.7) | 4.137 | 0.042 |
Correct inhaler technique/n(%) | 140 (22.5) | 17 (32.7) | 2.245 | 0.134 |
Pulmonary function/n(%) | ||||
FEV1%pred<80% | 2 (0.3) | 17 (32.7) | 171.928 | 0.000 |
FEV1/FVC<80% | 0 (0) | 7 (13.5) | 72.019 | 0.000 |
Small airway dysfunction① | 32 (5.1) | 40 (76.9) | 251.658 | 0.000 |
EOS>300 μL-1/n(%) | 329 (52.9) | 46 (88.5) | 23.176 | 0.000 |
IgE>200 (IU·L-1)/n(%) | 260 (41.8) | 47 (90.4) | 43.733 | 0.000 |
FeNO>20 or 25 ppb②/n(%) | 390 (62.7) | 52 (100.0) | 27.947 | 0.000 |
C-AST or ACT<20/n(%) | 51 (8.2) | 52 (100.0) | 305.321 | 0.000 |
Category | Severe asthma | Non-severe asthma | χ2 value | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
6‒11 years old/n(%) | 4.634 | 0.031 | ||
Male (n=256) | 27 (10.5) | 229 (89.5) | ||
Female (n=111) | 2 (1.8) | 109 (98.2) | ||
12‒17 years old/n(%) | 9.105 | 0.003 | ||
Male (n=200) | 10 (5.0) | 190 (95.0) | ||
Female (n=107) | 13 (12.1) | 94 (87.9) |
Tab 2 Comparision of asthma severity in children of different ages and genders
Category | Severe asthma | Non-severe asthma | χ2 value | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
6‒11 years old/n(%) | 4.634 | 0.031 | ||
Male (n=256) | 27 (10.5) | 229 (89.5) | ||
Female (n=111) | 2 (1.8) | 109 (98.2) | ||
12‒17 years old/n(%) | 9.105 | 0.003 | ||
Male (n=200) | 10 (5.0) | 190 (95.0) | ||
Female (n=107) | 13 (12.1) | 94 (87.9) |
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