Correlation between body compositions and cardiopulmonary fitness in patients with coronary heart disease

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2024.01.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective ·To explore the correlation between body compositions and cardiovascular fitness (CRF) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods ·The CHD patients (CHD group) who underwent elective percutaneous coronary intervention treatment at Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from October 2022 to June 2023 as well as healthy people (control group) were selected. All the participants completed cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) to determine CRF and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to determine body compositions on the same day. Results ·A total of 191 patients with coronary heart disease and 188 healthy individuals were included. There was no statistically significant difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups. Compared with the control group, the CRF indicators of the CHD group were significantly reduced (all P<0.05). In terms of body composition indicators, the trunk muscle mass (TMM) of the CHD group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.01), and the trunk fat mass (TFM) was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed that TMM (R=0.538), lower limbs muscle mass (LMM) (R=0.754), and lower limbs fat mass (LFM) (R=0.593) were positively correlated with peak oxygen uptake per kilogram of bodyweight (VO_2peak/kg) in the CHD group (all P<0.01), while TFM (R=-0.563) was negatively correlated with VO_2peak/kg (P<0.01). There was no statistically significant correlation between other body composition indicators and VO_2peak/kg. According to VO_2peak/kg, the CHD patients were divided into low CRF group, medium CRF group, and high CRF group. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in LMM, TMM, LFM, and TFM among the three groups of patients (all P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that age, gender, TMM, TFM, LMM, and LFM were related factors of VO_2peak/kg in the patients with CHD. The VO_2peak/kg of CHD patients increased with the increase of TMM, LMM, and LFM and the decrease of age and TFM; the female patients had lower VO_2peak/kg compared to the males. Conclusion ·The CRF of CHD patients is significantly lower than that of the healthy population, with higher TFM and lower TMM; in the CHD patients, CRF is negatively correlated with TFM and positively correlated with TMM, LMM, and LFM.

Key words: coronary heart disease (CHD), cardiopulmonary fitness (CRF), body composition

CLC Number:

R541.1

LI Yang, MA Jun, DU Yihong, XU Li, CHEN Hanfen, QIU Xunhan, JIANG Meng, PU Jun. Correlation between body compositions and cardiopulmonary fitness in patients with coronary heart disease[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2024, 44(1): 72-78.

Figures/Tables 5

TrendMD

References 24

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Item	CHD group (n=191)	Control group (n=188)	P value
Age/year	63 (55, 68)	62 (57,70)	0.477
BMI/(kg·m^-2)	24.1 (22.3, 27.1)	22.7 (21.6, 26.8)	0.187
Male/n(%)	162 (84.8)	147 (78.2)	0.133
History of smoking/n(%)	91 (47.6)	79 (42.0)	0.311
History of alcohol consumption/n(%)	119 (62.3)	104 (55.3)	0.112
FBG/(mmol·L^-1)	5.9±1.3	5.1±1.5	0.097
TC/(mmol·L^-1)	5.2 (4.7, 5.8)	4.9 (4.6, 5.5)	0.429
LDL-C/(mmol·L^-1)	3.1 (2.7, 3.6)	3.0 (2.6, 3.5)	0.152
HDL-C/(mmol·L^-1)	1.3±0.4	1.2±0.2	0.187
SBP_rest/mmHg	122.2 (117.5, 132.9)	119.7 (115.1, 131.7)	0.075
DBP_rest/mmHg	71.2 (68.2, 78.9)	72.4 (67.3, 77.6)	0.368
Single vessel with lesions/n(%)	93 (48.7)	－	－
Multiple vessels with lesions/n(%)	98 (51.3)	－	－

Item	CHD group (n=191)	Control group (n=188)	P value
Age/year	63 (55, 68)	62 (57,70)	0.477
BMI/(kg·m^-2)	24.1 (22.3, 27.1)	22.7 (21.6, 26.8)	0.187
Male/n(%)	162 (84.8)	147 (78.2)	0.133
History of smoking/n(%)	91 (47.6)	79 (42.0)	0.311
History of alcohol consumption/n(%)	119 (62.3)	104 (55.3)	0.112
FBG/(mmol·L^-1)	5.9±1.3	5.1±1.5	0.097
TC/(mmol·L^-1)	5.2 (4.7, 5.8)	4.9 (4.6, 5.5)	0.429
LDL-C/(mmol·L^-1)	3.1 (2.7, 3.6)	3.0 (2.6, 3.5)	0.152
HDL-C/(mmol·L^-1)	1.3±0.4	1.2±0.2	0.187
SBP_rest/mmHg	122.2 (117.5, 132.9)	119.7 (115.1, 131.7)	0.075
DBP_rest/mmHg	71.2 (68.2, 78.9)	72.4 (67.3, 77.6)	0.368
Single vessel with lesions/n(%)	93 (48.7)	－	－
Multiple vessels with lesions/n(%)	98 (51.3)	－	－

Item	CHD group (n=191)	Control group (n=188)	P value
VO_2peak/kg/[mL·(kg·min)^-1]	17.9±4.1	20.5±5.7	0.001
VO_2AT/kg/[mL·(kg·min)^-1]	12.1±2.7	13.9±4.5	0.013
VO_2peak/(mL·min^-1)	1 299.3±323.8	1 483.4±408.6	0.000
O₂P/(mL·beat^-1)	10.3 (9.4, 12.1)	11.2 (9.9, 12.9)	0.025
V_E/VCO₂ slope	26.2 (23.6, 29.3)	25.2 (23.4, 29.0)	0.002
HR_peak/(beat·min^-1)	119.1±13.9	127.5±17.2	0.000
SBP_peak/mmHg	149.1 (138.5, 162.4)	152.3 (131.4, 167.5)	0.078
DBP_peak/mmHg	75.2 (68.5, 82.1)	75.1 (70.1, 85.4)	0.687
TMM/kg	22.5 (20.9, 25.2)	23.1 (19.4, 25.8)	0.007
TFM/kg	10.2±3.6	9.1±3.2	0.001
LMM/kg	14.7 (12.4, 15.9)	15.8 (14.3, 16.6)	0.222
LFM/kg	5.0 (4.3, 6.5)	5.4 (4.7, 6.3)	0.539
UMM/kg	5.8 (4.7, 6.4)	5.3 (4.5, 6.6)	0.617
UFM/kg	1.7±1.3	2.2±1.2	0.115

Item	CHD group (n=191)	Control group (n=188)	P value
VO_2peak/kg/[mL·(kg·min)^-1]	17.9±4.1	20.5±5.7	0.001
VO_2AT/kg/[mL·(kg·min)^-1]	12.1±2.7	13.9±4.5	0.013
VO_2peak/(mL·min^-1)	1 299.3±323.8	1 483.4±408.6	0.000
O₂P/(mL·beat^-1)	10.3 (9.4, 12.1)	11.2 (9.9, 12.9)	0.025
V_E/VCO₂ slope	26.2 (23.6, 29.3)	25.2 (23.4, 29.0)	0.002
HR_peak/(beat·min^-1)	119.1±13.9	127.5±17.2	0.000
SBP_peak/mmHg	149.1 (138.5, 162.4)	152.3 (131.4, 167.5)	0.078
DBP_peak/mmHg	75.2 (68.5, 82.1)	75.1 (70.1, 85.4)	0.687
TMM/kg	22.5 (20.9, 25.2)	23.1 (19.4, 25.8)	0.007
TFM/kg	10.2±3.6	9.1±3.2	0.001
LMM/kg	14.7 (12.4, 15.9)	15.8 (14.3, 16.6)	0.222
LFM/kg	5.0 (4.3, 6.5)	5.4 (4.7, 6.3)	0.539
UMM/kg	5.8 (4.7, 6.4)	5.3 (4.5, 6.6)	0.617
UFM/kg	1.7±1.3	2.2±1.2	0.115

Item	B value	β value	t value	P value
Age	-0.166	-0.214	-1.745	0.041
Gender	2.949	0.985	2.990	0.003
LFM	-0.432	-0.178	-2.517	0.023
TMM	0.792	1.239	2.336	0.038
LMM	1.411	1.279	3.012	0.008
TFM	0.995	1.750	2.096	0.009