上海交通大学学报(医学版)

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

骨质疏松患者健康行为干预模型和理论

徐紫君,崔颖超,吕铖,吴颖燕,蔡泳,沈恬   

  1. 上海交通大学 公共卫生学院,上海 200025
  • 出版日期:2017-01-28 发布日期:2017-01-19
  • 通讯作者: 蔡泳,电子信箱:caiyong202028@163.com。
  • 作者简介:徐紫君(1996—),女,本科生;电子信箱:szxuzijun@163.com。
  • 基金资助:

    第9期上海交通大学医学院“大学生创新训练项目”(2015032);国家自然科学基金(71603167)

Health behavior intervention models and theories for osteoporosis patients

XU Zi-jun, CUI Ying-chao, Lü Cheng, WU Ying-yan, CAI Yong, SHEN Tian   

  1. School of Public Health Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
  • Online:2017-01-28 Published:2017-01-19
  • Supported by:

    the 9th Undergraduate Training Programs forInnovation of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 2015032; National Natural Science Foundation of China, 71603167

摘要:

骨质疏松是一种全身性代谢性骨疾病,一旦发生,难以逆转,并且会带来很多严重的并发症,如骨痛、骨折等。药物治疗存在一定的局限性,难以根治骨质疏松。在干预中,规范骨质疏松患者的行为可以在很大程度上防止骨质疏松的发生及恶化。国内外研究多致力于骨质疏松的治疗和三级预防。目前,应用于骨质疏松患者干预的理论模型有知识、信念、行为(KAP)模式,健康信念模式(HBM)和动机性访谈(MI)。信息—动机—行为(IMB)技巧模型与以往的健康相关行为改变模式相比,从合理行为理论借鉴了对“动机”的理解,从社会思考理论中引入“自我效能”概念。构建IMB模型既能分析各变量的独立影响,又能分析其通过何种路径作用于最后的行为,为将来骨质疏松的干预提供切入点,对不同人群提出更有针对性干预措施,在骨质疏松患者行为干预方面拥有巨大前景。

关键词: 骨质疏松;知识、信念、行为模式;健康信念模式;动机性访谈;信息&mdash, 动机&mdash, 行为技巧模型;行为干预模型

Abstract:

Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disease causing many serious complications such as pain and fracture. It is difficult to reverse once it happens. Medications have limitations and can't cure the disease. Regulating the behaviors of patients can prevent occurrence and deterioration of osteoporosis to a great extent. Many studies in china and abroad have been devoted to the treatment and tertiary prevention of osteoporosis. Currently the theoretical models for intervention of osteoporosis include the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) model, the health belief model (HBM), and motivational interviewing (MI), etc. Compared with previous health related behavior change models, the information-motivation-behavioral (IMB) skills model referred to the understanding of "motivation" from the theory of reasoned action and introduced the concept of "self efficacy" from the theory of social thinking. Building the IMB model can analyze the independent effects of each variable and its routes to affect the final action. So it can provide a breakthrough point for intervention of osteoporosis and better targeted interventions for different populations. The IMB model has great prospects in intervening the behaviors of osteoporosis patients.

Key words: osteoporosis, knowledge, attitudes and practices model, health belief model, motivational interviewing, information-motivation-behavioral
skills model,
health intervention model