中国高危妊娠研究的现状、问题和方向

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2022.04.001

上海交通大学学报（医学版） ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 403-408.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2022.04.001

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中国高危妊娠研究的现状、问题和方向

林羿()

上海交通大学医学院附属国际和平妇幼保健院中心实验室，上海市胚胎源性疾病重点实验室，上海交通大学医学院出生缺陷与罕见病临床研究院，上海 200030

收稿日期:2021-10-28 接受日期:2022-04-21 出版日期:2022-04-28 发布日期:2022-04-28
通讯作者: 林羿 E-mail:yilinonline@126.com
作者简介:林羿（1966—），男，研究员，博士；电子信箱：yilinonline@126.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1002800);国家自然科学基金(82171669);上海交通大学“交大之星”（STAR）计划重大项目(20210201)

Current situation, problems and directions of high-risk pregnancy research in China

LIN Yi()

Central Laboratory of The International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases; Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China

Received:2021-10-28 Accepted:2022-04-21 Online:2022-04-28 Published:2022-04-28
Contact: LIN Yi E-mail:yilinonline@126.com
Supported by:
National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1002800);National Natural Science Foundation of China(82171669);Major Project of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Translational Medicine Awards Research(20210201)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着“二孩”“三孩”生育政策的推行，以及受社会各方面因素的影响，现阶段中国高龄（>35岁）、高危孕产妇比例显著增多，孕产妇安全和孕期管理面临新问题。病理妊娠中，复发性流产发生率高，早产发生率居高不下。常见的妊娠并发症，如子痫前期和子痫的诊疗相对滞后。造成孕产妇死亡的疾病特征发生改变，其中深静脉血栓等原因造成孕产妇死亡的案例增加。流动人口增加导致该群体孕产妇发生不良妊娠结局的风险升高。辅助生殖的广泛应用导致不良妊娠结局发生风险增加。高龄产妇数量增加导致胎儿出生缺陷风险上升。因此，亟需建立更加精准的孕产妇，尤其是高龄孕产妇危险度评估标准，实行全孕期管理和规范诊治，逐步建立规范化的流产保胎诊疗方案，开发并推广可鉴别孕产妇主动脉节律、心率和胎心率的三联监护系统。应用物联网和信息自动化技术建立医院-家庭联动监护和预警系统，以助力增加出生人口数量、提高人口质量。该文阐述了在新人口政策背景下，高危妊娠研究的现状、问题和方向，为保障母婴健康提供新思路。

关键词: 高危妊娠, 母婴健康, 危险度评估, 孕期管理, 胎心率监测

Abstract:

With the progressive initiation of the two- and three-child policy in China, and under the influence of various factors in society, the proportion of high-risk pregnancy has increased, especially those linked to advanced age conception (more than 35 years old). In pathological pregnancy, the incidence of recurrent miscarriage and preterm birth remains high. The diagnosis and treatment of common pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia and eclampsia are lagging behind. Diseases that cause maternal death have changed. The cases of deep vein thrombosis causing maternal deaths have increased. Expanding floating population increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The widespread use of assisted reproduction has led to high risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The increase in the number of elder mothers has led to high risk in fetal birth defects. All of these have led to a new challenge in terms of maternal safety and care, urging scientists and clinicians to establish a more accurate risk assessment standard for pregnant women, especially for the elderly pregnant women, implement whole pregnancy management and standardized diagnosis and treatment, standardize the treatment for abortion, and establish a triple monitoring system for identifying maternal arterial rhythm, maternal heart rate and fetal heart rate. Finally, a hospital-home monitoring and warning system will be set up based on the Internet of things and information automation. This paper describes the current status, problems and directions of high-risk pregnancy research under the background of the new population policy, and provides new strategies for the protection of maternal and child health.

Key words: high-risk pregnancy, maternal and child health, risk assessment, pregnancy management, fetal heart rate monitoring

中图分类号:

R714.2

林羿. 中国高危妊娠研究的现状、问题和方向[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2022, 42(4): 403-408.

LIN Yi. Current situation, problems and directions of high-risk pregnancy research in China[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2022, 42(4): 403-408.

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中国高危妊娠研究的现状、问题和方向

Current situation, problems and directions of high-risk pregnancy research in China

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