表观遗传修饰调控肺炎免疫应答的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2023.07.016

上海交通大学学报（医学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (7): 931-938.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2023.07.016

• 综述 • 上一篇

表观遗传修饰调控肺炎免疫应答的研究进展

王青(), 韩晓, 张晓波()

复旦大学附属儿科医院呼吸科，上海 201102

收稿日期:2023-02-03 接受日期:2023-05-25 出版日期:2023-07-28 发布日期:2023-07-28
通讯作者: 张晓波 E-mail:wq141269@163.com;zhangxiaobo0307@163.com
作者简介:王　青（1997—），女，硕士生；电子信箱：wq141269@163.com。
基金资助:
上海市2022年度“科技创新行动计划”人工智能科技支撑专项项目(22511106001);上海市自然科学基金(20ZR1408300);上海市青年科技启明星项目(22QA1401500)

Research progress of immune response regulated by epigenetic modification in pneumonia

WANG Qing(), HAN Xiao, ZHANG Xiaobo()

Department of Respiration, Children′s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China

Received:2023-02-03 Accepted:2023-05-25 Online:2023-07-28 Published:2023-07-28
Contact: ZHANG Xiaobo E-mail:wq141269@163.com;zhangxiaobo0307@163.com
Supported by:
Shanghai “Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan” 2022: Artificial Intelligence Science and Technology Support Program(22511106001);Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(20ZR1408300);Shanghai Rising-Star Program(22QA1401500)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

肺炎是最常见的下呼吸道感染性疾病。尽管目前肺炎的诊断及治疗已经取得了相当大的进展，但仍与高死亡率、长期住院和大量医疗支出密切相关。表观遗传修饰是指在不改变DNA序列的情况下，基因表达发生可遗传的改变，包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、非编码RNA、RNA修饰等，从DNA、组蛋白、转录水平及转录后水平等多层面参与基因表达调控。越来越多的研究表明，表观遗传修饰可通过调控机体免疫功能从而影响肺炎的发生发展。在肺部感染病原体后，这些表观遗传修饰机制可通过调节机体炎症反应和免疫应答，包括不同免疫细胞的发育和分化，感染信号的识别和传递，及针对病原体的细胞因子和效应分子的产生而影响不同个体的肺炎发生发展过程。该文通过回顾近年来对于肺炎免疫中表观遗传修饰的研究，从表观遗传学的角度探讨肺炎的发生发展机制，同时对表观遗传修饰在肺炎临床诊断及治疗中的潜力进行总结，为肺炎的临床精准诊疗和效应靶点的进一步研究提供理参考。

关键词: 肺炎, 表观遗传修饰, 免疫细胞, 治疗靶点

Abstract:

Pneumonia is one of the most common infectious diseases, and although considerable progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia, it is still associated with high mortality, prolonged hospitalization, and significant medical expenditures. Epigenetic modifications are heritable changes in gene expression without altering the DNA sequence, including DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNA and RNA modification, which are involved in regulating gene expression at multiple levels, including DNA, histone, and transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. A growing number of studies have suggested that epigenetic regulation may play a central role in the initiation and progression of pneumonia by regulating the immune function. Following the infection with pathogens in the lungs, epigenetic modification can affect the occurrence and progression of pneumonia in different individuals by regulating the inflammatory and immune response, including the development and differentiation of various immune cells, the recognition and transduction of infection signals, and the production of cytokines and anti-pathogen effector molecules. By summarizing recent studies on epigenetic modification of immunity in pneumonia, this review elucidates the key role that epigenetic modification of immunology plays in the initiation and progression of pneumonia, as well as its potential application to clinical diagnosis and therapeutic targets in the treatment of pneumonia, providing a sound theoretical basis for further research.

Key words: pneumonia, epigenetic modification, immune cell, therapy target

中图分类号:

R563.1

王青, 韩晓, 张晓波. 表观遗传修饰调控肺炎免疫应答的研究进展[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2023, 43(7): 931-938.

WANG Qing, HAN Xiao, ZHANG Xiaobo. Research progress of immune response regulated by epigenetic modification in pneumonia[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2023, 43(7): 931-938.

图/表 1

图1 表观遗传修饰调控的免疫失衡对肺炎进展的影响机制Note： DNMT—DNA methyltransferase; TET—ten eleven translocation; KMT—histone lysine methyltransferase; HAT—histone acetyltransferase; LSD1—lysine specific demethylase 1; HDACs—histone deacetylases; mRNA—messger RNA; miRNA—microRNA; lncRNA—long noncoding RNA; circRNA—circular RNA; METTL3—methyltransferase-like protein 3; WTAP—Wilms′ tumor 1-associating protein; FTO—fat mass and obesity-associated protein; ALKBH5—AlkB homologue 5; YTHDC—YTH domain containing protein.

Fig 1 Mechanisms of immune imbalance regulated by epigenetic modifications on the progression of pneumonia

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表观遗传修饰调控肺炎免疫应答的研究进展

Research progress of immune response regulated by epigenetic modification in pneumonia

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