上海交通大学学报（医学版）

›› 2012, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 823-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2012.07.001

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全球青少年烟草调查与上海市青少年吸烟调查研究进展

马 进   

  1. 上海交通大学 公共卫生学院, 上海 200025
  • 出版日期:2012-07-28 发布日期:2012-08-17
  • 作者简介:马 进（1962—）, 男, 教授, 博士生导师；电子信箱: majin@shsmu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:

    比尔和梅琳达盖茨基金；Emory 大学全球健康研究院-中国控烟伙伴立项（1362-SJTU-S2）； 致公党上海市委2011年参政议政课题

Commentary on Global Youth Tobacco Survey and Shanghai youth tobacco survey

MA Jin   

  1. School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China
  • Online:2012-07-28 Published:2012-08-17
  • Supported by:

    Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation；Global Health Institute at Emory University-China Tobacco Control Partnership,1362-SJTU-S2；China Zhi Gong Party Shanghai Committee Project in 2011

PDF (PC)

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摘要：

烟草危害是当今世界上可预防的最严重的公共卫生问题之一。目前，全球有11亿吸烟者，每年死于与吸烟相关疾病的人数近500万。我国约有35亿吸烟者，每年可归因于吸烟的死亡人数达120万，预计到2030年将达到200万，占总死亡人数的30%。为了采取有针对性的预防控制措施，必须要掌握人群吸烟现况及其主要影响因素。为此，世界卫生组织、美国疾病控制与预防中心以及加拿大公共卫生联合会于1998年合作开发研制了全球烟草调查系统，帮助世界各国采用统一可比较的调查工具研究人群吸烟现况及其影响因素。我国部分城市分别参加过两次世界卫生组织发起的全球青少年烟草调查。上海市参加了2004年的第二次全球青少年烟草调查，发现中学生的尝试吸烟率为23.8%，吸烟率为5.5%。由于上海市仅作为中国样本的一个组成城市，实际调查样本量比较小，仅有1 964人。为了克服样本量过小，调查样本难于进行深入分析的不足，2007年又对9 347名中学生（初中生、高中生和职校学生）进行了调查，发现上海青少年总吸烟率为19.5%。为了即时掌握上海市青少年烟草利用现况及其影响因素，在比尔和梅林达盖茨基金资助下，课题组于2011年11月—2012年3月组织了大样本的调查研究，并将初步的调查研究结果组织汇编。该文主要对烟草的危害、全球青少年烟草调查方案和内容以及上海市青少年吸烟调查研究的特点和进展进行系统性评述。

关键词: 青少年, 烟草, 全球青少年烟草调查, 全球烟草调查系统, 上海

Abstract:

Tobacco hazard is one of the most serious preventable public health problems in the world today. At present, there are 1.1 billion smokers in the world, and about 5 million people die from smoking-related diseases every year. China has about 350 million smokers, with the number of smoking-attributable mortality of 1.2 million every year. It is estimated that by 2030 this number will increase to 2 million, accounting for 30% of the total mortality rate. For the sake of taking targeted prevention and control measures, the current smoking status and main influencing factors of population should be mastered. Therefore, World Health Organization, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Canadian Public Health Association cooperated in 1998 and developed Global Tobacco Surveillance System to help the countries all over the world study the current smoking status and influencing factors of population by the unified and comparable survey tools. Some cities of China have respectively participated in Global Youth Tobacco Survey twice. Shanghai took part in the second youth tobacco survey in 2004, and found that the attempting smoking rate of middle school students was 23.8% and the smoking rate was 5.5%. However, as a component city of Chinese sample, the actual sample size of Shanghai was small, only 1964 people. In order to overcome the disadvantages of small sample size and difficulty in deep sample analysis, a survey towards 9 347 students including junior middle school students, senior high school students and vocational school students was conducted in 2007, and it was found that the total smoking rate among adolescents of Shanghai was 19.5%. Supported by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, our research group conducted a large sample survey on youth tobacco use in Shanghai from November 2011 to March 2012 so as to learn the current situation of youth tobacco use and influencing factors. The preliminary research results have been assembled. This paper deals with the review of tobacco hazard, the methodology and brief contents of Global Youth Tobacco Survey, the summary of the survey on youth tobacco use in Shanghai and the characteristics and primary results of our survey on the current youth tobacco use in Shanghai.

Key words: youth, tobacco, Global Youth Tobacco Survey, Global Tobacco Surveillance System, Shanghai