上海交通大学学报（医学版）

上海交通大学学报（医学版）

• 论著（临床研究） • 上一篇    下一篇

住院患者跌倒相关危险因素的分析研究

肖 爽，赵庆华   

  1. 重庆医科大学附属第一医院护理部， 重庆 400016
  • 出版日期:2014-12-28 发布日期:2014-12-30
  • 作者简介:肖 爽（1982—）， 女， 主管护师， 硕士生; 电子信箱: faye-mn@163.com。
  • 基金资助:

    国家临床重点专科建设项目(2010-305)；重庆市卫生局医学科研计划项目基金 (2013-2-001)；重庆医科大学附属第一医院护理科研基金(HLJJ2011-05)

Analytical study on risk factors relevant to fall events of in inpatients

XIAO Shuang, ZHAO Qing-hua   

  1. Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
  • Online:2014-12-28 Published:2014-12-30
  • Supported by:

    National Key Clinical Discipline Construction Programs of China, 2010-305；Medical Research Project of Chongqing Health Bureau, 2013-2-001；Nursing Scientific Research Fund of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, HLJJ2011-05

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摘要：

目的 分析住院患者跌倒事件数据及危险因素。方法 采用回顾性病例对照设计，对重庆医科大学附属第一医院2013年上报的跌倒事件进行分析。以18岁以上住院患者为研究对象。病例组（跌倒患者）43例，对照组（非跌倒患者）86例，对照组以住院日期及病房2项控制变量，以1∶2比率进行配对。结果 单变量分析发现：影响住院患者跌倒的可能相关因素为活动能力（P=0.004 0）、Morse评分（P=0.047 2）和有无陪伴（P<0.000 1）；进一步以多变量逻辑回归对上述变量的分析结果显示：Morse评分45～100分（OR=0.476；95%CI：0.228～0.991）、无陪伴（OR=7.165，95%CI：2.666～19.260）2个变量均为该院住院患者跌倒的危险因素。结论 通过单因素和多因素分析发现，影响住院患者跌倒的因素是多方面的，患者活动部分依赖、Morse评分45～100分、无陪伴均为患者跌倒的高危因素，临床护理工作中应对此类患者及早实施跌倒预防措施，减少跌倒事件的发生。

关键词: 跌倒, 住院患者, 相关因素, 病例对照研究

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the data and risk factors of fall events of inpatients. Methods The retrospective case-control design was adopted to analyze fall events of inpatients reported in 2013 by the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Inpatients with age above 18 were selected and divided into the case group (43 patients with fall events) and control group (86 patients without fall events). The ratio of patients of two groups was 1∶2. For the control group, variables were controlled by two items, i.e. hospital stay and ward. Results The univariate analysis found that relevant influencing factors of fall events of inpatients were mobility (P=0.004 0), Morse score (P=0.047 2), and with or without companions (P<0.000 1). The multivariate logistic regression analysis found that Morse scores between 45 and 100 points (OR=0.476, 95%CI: 0.228-0.991) and without companions (OR=7.165, 95%CI: 2.666-19.260) were risk factors of fall events of inpatients. Conclusion Single factor analysis and multiple-factor analysis found that various factors influenced fall events of inpatients. Limited mobility, Morse scores between 45 and 100 points, and without companions are high risk factors. Clinical nursing should take measures to prevent and reduce fall events of patients.

Key words: falling, inpatient, relative factor, case-control study