成人高尿酸血症与代谢综合征的关联研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2026.04.008

上海交通大学学报（医学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 486-495.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2026.04.008

• 论著 · 临床研究 • 上一篇

成人高尿酸血症与代谢综合征的关联研究

陆博涵¹^,², 胡翠容², 王瑾堃², 陆继芳², 金海姣¹, 王玲¹, 姜娜¹(), 牟姗¹()

^1.上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院肾脏科，上海 200127
^2.浙江省宁波市杭州湾医院肾脏科，宁波 315336

收稿日期:2025-09-28 接受日期:2025-11-11 出版日期:2026-04-28 发布日期:2026-04-28
通讯作者: 牟姗，主任医师，博士；电子信箱：shan_mou@126.com
姜娜，副主任医师，博士；电子信箱：jiangjiang198311@163.com。
基金资助:
上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划（2023—2025年）重点学科项目(GWVI-11.1-19);国家自然科学基金(81970574);国家自然科学基金(82170685);国家自然科学基金(82370743)

Association between hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome in adults

Lu Bohan¹^,², Hu Cuirong², Wang Jinkun², Lu Jifang², Jin Haijiao¹, Wang Ling¹, Jiang Na¹(), Mou Shan¹()

^1.Department of Nephrology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
^2.Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315336, China

Received:2025-09-28 Accepted:2025-11-11 Online:2026-04-28 Published:2026-04-28
Contact: Mou Shan, E-mail: shan_mou@126.com
Jiang Na, E-mail: jiangjiang198311@163.com.
Supported by:
Key Disciplines Project of Shanghai Three-year Action Plan for Strengthening Public Health System Construction (2023?2025)(GWVI-11.1-19);National Natural Science Foundation of China(81970574)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的·分析浙江省宁波市杭州湾地区成年人群高尿酸血症（hyperuricemia，HUA）的患病率，并探讨其与代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome，MS）及MS组分的相关性。方法·采用横断面研究设计，纳入2022年1月至12月于宁波市杭州湾医院进行健康体检的成年人作为研究对象。收集人口学资料及临床检查结果。根据血清尿酸（serum uric acid，SUA）水平计算该人群的HUA患病率；采用慢性肾脏病流行病学协作组公式计算估算肾小球滤过率（estimated glomerular filtration rate，eGFR）；根据体质量指数（body mass index，BMI）、血压、空腹血糖、甘油三酯（triglyceride，TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high-density lipoprotein cholesterol，HDL-C）判断是否患有MS。分析HUA与MS及其各组分之间的关联。结果·研究共纳入9 196名成年人，平均年龄为（34.3±11.8）岁，男性占75.2%，平均SUA为（371.8±95.6）μmol/L，HUA患病率为31.3%。HUA组较非HUA组男性比例更高、年龄更小、eGFR更低、MS患病率更高（均P<0.001），且MS各组分中BMI、血压、TG水平均更高，HDL-C水平更低（均P<0.001）。MS患者的SUA水平及HUA患病率均显著高于非MS患者（均P<0.001），且随着患者伴随的MS组分数目增加，SUA水平及HUA患病率逐渐升高。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，男性（OR=3.74，95%CI 3.12~4.48）、年轻（年龄每减少5岁，OR=1.22，95%CI 1.19~1.26）、eGFR<90 mL/（min·1.73 m²）（OR=2.45，95%CI 2.11~2.84）、BMI≥25 kg/m²（OR=2.31，95%CI 2.06~2.60）、血压偏高（OR=1.18，95%CI 1.04~1.32）、TG≥1.7 mmol/L（OR=2.08，95%CI 1.81~2.37）及低HDL-C（OR=1.33，95%CI 1.15~1.55）是HUA的独立危险因素。结论·宁波杭州湾地区成年人群中，HUA患病率较高；男性、年轻、肾功能下降、合并MS组分是该人群HUA患病的危险因素，且合并MS组分越多，患病率越高。

关键词: 高尿酸血症, 代谢综合征, 肥胖, 高血压, 血脂异常

Abstract:

Objective ·To analyze the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and its correlation with metabolic syndrome (MS) and MS components among adults in the Ningbo Hangzhou Bay area of Zhejiang Province. Methods ·A cross-sectional study was conducted among adults who underwent health examinations at Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital from January to December 2022. Demographic data and clinical examination results were collected. The prevalence of HUA was calculated based on serum uric acid (SUA) levels. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. MS was defined according to body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The association between HUA and MS, as well as its individual components, was analyzed. Results ·A total of 9 196 adults were included, with a mean age of (34.3±11.8) years; 75.2% were males. The mean SUA level was (371.8±95.6) μmol/L, and the overall prevalence of HUA was 31.3%. Compared with the non-HUA group, the HUA group demonstrated a higher proportion of males, younger age, lower eGFR, and a higher prevalence of MS (all P<0.001). Regarding MS components, the HUA group showed significantly higher BMI, blood pressure, and TG levels, along with lower HDL-C levels (all P<0.001). Patients with MS had significantly higher SUA levels and a higher prevalence of HUA compared to those without MS (both P<0.001). Furthermore, both SUA levels and the prevalence of HUA increased progressively with the increasing number of MS components present. Multivariable Logistic regression analysis identified male sex (OR=3.74, 95%CI 3.12‒4.48), younger age (per 5-year decrease, OR=1.22, 95%CI 1.19‒1.26), eGFR<90 mL/(min·1.73 m²) (OR=2.45, 95%CI 2.11‒2.84), BMI≥25 kg/m² (OR=2.31, 95%CI 2.06‒2.60), elevated blood pressure (OR=1.18, 95%CI 1.04‒1.32), TG≥1.7 mmol/L (OR=2.08, 95%CI 1.81‒2.37), and low HDL-C (OR=1.33, 95%CI 1.15‒1.55) as independent risk factors for HUA. Conclusion ·The prevalence of HUA is high among the adult population in the Ningbo Hangzhou Bay area. Male sex, younger age, decreased renal function, and the presence of MS components are risk factors for HUA in this population, with the prevalence increasing as the number of MS components accumulates.

Key words: hyperuricemia (HUA), metabolic syndrome (MS), obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia

中图分类号:

R589.7

陆博涵, 胡翠容, 王瑾堃, 陆继芳, 金海姣, 王玲, 姜娜, 牟姗. 成人高尿酸血症与代谢综合征的关联研究[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2026, 46(4): 486-495.

Lu Bohan, Hu Cuirong, Wang Jinkun, Lu Jifang, Jin Haijiao, Wang Ling, Jiang Na, Mou Shan. Association between hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome in adults[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2026, 46(4): 486-495.

图/表 5

参考文献 36

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Variable	Total (n=9 196)	HUA
Variable	Total (n=9 196)	With (n=2 878)	Without (n=6 318)	P value
SUA/(μmol·L^-1)	371.8±95.6	479.5±63.4	322.8±61.5	<0.001
Male/n(%)	6 918 (75.2)	2 650 (92.1)	4 268 (67.6)	<0.001
Local resident/n(%)	5 334 (58.0)	1 653 (57.4)	3 681 (58.3)	0.460
Age/year	34.3±11.8	32.6±11.4	35.1±12.0	<0.001
BMI/(kg·m^-2)^①	23.9±3.7	25.6±3.7	23.1±3.4	<0.001
SBP/mmHg^②	124.9±14.6	127.8±14.1	123.6±14.7	<0.001
DBP/mmHg^②	76.4±10.7	78.4±10.9	75.5±10.5	<0.001
FBG/(mmol·L^-1)^③	5.2±0.9	5.2±0.7	5.2±1.0	0.871
SCR/(μmol·L^-1)	82.1±13.0	88.3±11.3	79.3±12.8	<0.001
e-GFR/[mL·(min·1.73 m²)^-1]	100.9±13.6	98.1±14.1	102.1±13.1	<0.001
TC/(mmol·L^-1)^④	4.9±1.0	5.1±1.0	4.8±1.0	<0.001
TG/(mmol·L^-1)^④	1.5±1.1	1.8±1.3	1.3±0.9	<0.001
HDL-C/(mmol·L^-1)^④	1.4±0.4	1.2±0.3	1.4±0.4	<0.001
LDL-C/(mmol·L^-1)^④	2.7±0.7	2.9±0.7	2.6±0.7	<0.001
MS/n(%)^⑤	2 519 (29.5)	1 195 (46.6)	1 324 (22.1)	<0.001

Variable	Total (n=9 196)	HUA
Variable	Total (n=9 196)	With (n=2 878)	Without (n=6 318)	P value
SUA/(μmol·L^-1)	371.8±95.6	479.5±63.4	322.8±61.5	<0.001
Male/n(%)	6 918 (75.2)	2 650 (92.1)	4 268 (67.6)	<0.001
Local resident/n(%)	5 334 (58.0)	1 653 (57.4)	3 681 (58.3)	0.460
Age/year	34.3±11.8	32.6±11.4	35.1±12.0	<0.001
BMI/(kg·m^-2)^①	23.9±3.7	25.6±3.7	23.1±3.4	<0.001
SBP/mmHg^②	124.9±14.6	127.8±14.1	123.6±14.7	<0.001
DBP/mmHg^②	76.4±10.7	78.4±10.9	75.5±10.5	<0.001
FBG/(mmol·L^-1)^③	5.2±0.9	5.2±0.7	5.2±1.0	0.871
SCR/(μmol·L^-1)	82.1±13.0	88.3±11.3	79.3±12.8	<0.001
e-GFR/[mL·(min·1.73 m²)^-1]	100.9±13.6	98.1±14.1	102.1±13.1	<0.001
TC/(mmol·L^-1)^④	4.9±1.0	5.1±1.0	4.8±1.0	<0.001
TG/(mmol·L^-1)^④	1.5±1.1	1.8±1.3	1.3±0.9	<0.001
HDL-C/(mmol·L^-1)^④	1.4±0.4	1.2±0.3	1.4±0.4	<0.001
LDL-C/(mmol·L^-1)^④	2.7±0.7	2.9±0.7	2.6±0.7	<0.001
MS/n(%)^⑤	2 519 (29.5)	1 195 (46.6)	1 324 (22.1)	<0.001

Variable	Univariable analysis		Multivariable analysis
Variable	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Sex
Male	5.58 (4.83-6.45)	<0.001	3.74 (3.12-4.48)	<0.001
Female	Ref.		Ref.
Age (per 5-year decrease)	1.10 (1.08-1.12)	<0.001	1.22(1.19-1.26)	<0.001
Region
Local	0.97 (0.89-1.06)	0.457	-	-
Nonlocal	Ref.
e-GFR
<90 mL·(min·1.73 m²)^-1	1.69 (1.52-1.88)	<0.001	2.45 (2.11-2.84)	<0.001
≥90 mL·(min·1.73 m²)^-1	Ref.		Ref.
MS^①
Yes	3.07(2.78－3.39)	<0.001	-	-
No	Ref.
BMI^②
≥25 kg·m^-2	3.17 (2.88-3.47)	<0.001	2.31 (2.06-2.60)	<0.001
<25 kg·m^-2	Ref.		Ref.
Blood pressure^③
SBP≥130 mmHg or DBP≥85 mmHg	1.57 (1.43-1.72)	<0.001	1.18 (1.04-1.32)	0.008
SBP<130 mmHg and DBP<85 mmHg	Ref.		Ref.
FBG^④
≥5.6 mmol·L^-1	1.26 (1.11-1.42)	<0.001	-	0.909
<5.6 mmol·L^-1	Ref.
TG^⑤
≥1.7 mmol·L^-1	2.90 (2.61-3.23)	<0.001	2.08 (1.81-2.37)	<0.001
<1.7 mmol·L^-1	Ref.		Ref.
HDL-C^⑤
<1.03 mmol·L^-1 (male) or <1.29 mmol·L^-1 (female)	2.04 (1.81-2.31)	<0.001	1.33 (1.15-1.55)	<0.001
≥1.03 mmol·L^-1 (male) or ≥1.29 mmol·L^-1 (female)	Ref.		Ref.

Variable	Univariable analysis		Multivariable analysis
Variable	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Sex
Male	5.58 (4.83-6.45)	<0.001	3.74 (3.12-4.48)	<0.001
Female	Ref.		Ref.
Age (per 5-year decrease)	1.10 (1.08-1.12)	<0.001	1.22(1.19-1.26)	<0.001
Region
Local	0.97 (0.89-1.06)	0.457	-	-
Nonlocal	Ref.
e-GFR
<90 mL·(min·1.73 m²)^-1	1.69 (1.52-1.88)	<0.001	2.45 (2.11-2.84)	<0.001
≥90 mL·(min·1.73 m²)^-1	Ref.		Ref.
MS^①
Yes	3.07(2.78－3.39)	<0.001	-	-
No	Ref.
BMI^②
≥25 kg·m^-2	3.17 (2.88-3.47)	<0.001	2.31 (2.06-2.60)	<0.001
<25 kg·m^-2	Ref.		Ref.
Blood pressure^③
SBP≥130 mmHg or DBP≥85 mmHg	1.57 (1.43-1.72)	<0.001	1.18 (1.04-1.32)	0.008
SBP<130 mmHg and DBP<85 mmHg	Ref.		Ref.
FBG^④
≥5.6 mmol·L^-1	1.26 (1.11-1.42)	<0.001	-	0.909
<5.6 mmol·L^-1	Ref.
TG^⑤
≥1.7 mmol·L^-1	2.90 (2.61-3.23)	<0.001	2.08 (1.81-2.37)	<0.001
<1.7 mmol·L^-1	Ref.		Ref.
HDL-C^⑤
<1.03 mmol·L^-1 (male) or <1.29 mmol·L^-1 (female)	2.04 (1.81-2.31)	<0.001	1.33 (1.15-1.55)	<0.001
≥1.03 mmol·L^-1 (male) or ≥1.29 mmol·L^-1 (female)	Ref.		Ref.

成人高尿酸血症与代谢综合征的关联研究

Association between hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome in adults

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