上海交通大学学报（医学版）

上海交通大学学报（医学版）

• 论著（临床研究） • 上一篇    下一篇

原发性失眠人群特征、睡眠质量及危险因素的研究

张蕾，和申，余一旻，李妍，闻晖，乔颖，李华芳   

  1. 上海交通大学 医学院附属精神卫生中心，上海 200030
  • 出版日期:2016-05-28 发布日期:2016-05-26
  • 通讯作者: 乔颖, 电子信箱: qiaoying_1978@aliyun.com； 李华芳, 电子信箱: lhlh_5@163.com。
  • 作者简介:张蕾（1990—）， 女， 博士生; 电子信箱: ZL_SHJD@163.com。
  • 基金资助:

    国家“重大新药创制”科技重大专项（2012ZX09303-003），上海市科委医学重点项目（11411950200-201）

Study on sociodemographic characteristics, sleep quality, and risk factors in population with primary insomnia

ZHANG Lei, HE Shen, YU Yi-min, LI Yan, WEN Hui, QIAO Ying, LI Hua-fang   

  1. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
  • Online:2016-05-28 Published:2016-05-26
  • Supported by:

    National Major Project for IND，2012ZX09303-003；Shanghai Municipality Major Medicine Project，11411950200-201

PDF (PC)

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摘要：

目的 探讨原发性失眠患者的人群特征、睡眠质量及心理健康状况，探索原发性失眠可能的危险因素。方法 采用基于病例对照的研究设计，对602例原发性失眠患者和242例年龄、性别相匹配的健康志愿者进行匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷（PSQI）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项（HAMD-17）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）的评估以及生活习惯和方式的比较。结果 原发性失眠患者和健康对照组在教育水平、婚姻、居住情况、职业收入、生活习惯、睡眠习惯、家庭关系、存在躯体不适以及心理健康状况方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。病例组PSQI各项目得分、总分均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；与男性失眠患者相比，女性失眠患者入睡所需时间更长，睡眠效率较差，更容易使用催眠药物(P<0.05)。通过Logistic回归分析发现，饮酒、存在躯体不适、加班或夜班、离异或丧偶、个人年收入（￥5万~10万）、精神心理因素（焦虑、抑郁）都是失眠的危险因素。结论 原发性失眠患者多伴有躯体不适以及焦虑或抑郁症状。饮酒、加班或夜班、离异或丧偶、个人年收入（￥5万~10万）等都可能是失眠的危险因素。

关键词: 原发性失眠, 匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷, 汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项, 汉密尔顿焦虑量表, 危险因素

Abstract:

Objective To explore sociodemographic characteristics, sleep quality, and mental health in patients with primary insomnia and investigate possible risk factors for primary insomnia. Methods A case-control study was employed. A total of 602 patients with primary insomnia and 242 healthy controls with matched age and sex were surveyed with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 (HAMD-17), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and their habits and life style were compared. Results The differences in education, marital status, housing conditions, income, life and sleeping habits, family relationship, somatic discomfort, and mental health between patients with primary insomnia and healthy controls were statistically significant (P<0.05). Item scores and the total score of PSQI were higher in the patients with primary insomnia as compared with the controls and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). Female patients showed a longer sleep latency, poorer sleep efficiency, much easier to use sleeping medications as compared with male patients (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that alcohol consumption, somatic discomfort, work overtime or night shift, divorced or widowed, individual annual income (￥50 000-100 000), and mental health (anxiety, depression) were risk factors for primary insomnia. Conclusion Patients with primary insomnia is commonly associated with somatic discomfort and symptoms of anxiety or depression. Alcohol consumption, work overtime or night shift, divorced or widowed, and individual annual income (￥50 000-100 000) may be possible risk factors for primary insomnia.

Key words: primary insomnia, PSQI, HAMD-17, HAMA, risk factors