强迫症的表观遗传学研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2021.02.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

强迫症是一种致残率较高的精神疾病，其病因尚未明确。研究表明，强迫症的发生发展是基因与环境共同作用的结果。表观遗传学为解释环境因素对个体遗传的作用提供了途径及机制。目前已有报道，强迫症患者与健康人群之间存在DNA甲基化差异，而DNA甲基化水平可能与治疗效果存在密切关联。此外，研究发现强迫症患者微RNA表达丰度较健康对照上升。该文通过综述文献中关于强迫症表观遗传学的研究，总结强迫症可能的表观遗传修饰变化，有助于进一步理解强迫症发生发展的病理生理机制。

关键词: 强迫症, 表观遗传学, 遗传学, DNA甲基化, 微RNA

Abstract:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a high disabling psychiatric disease, with unknown etiology. Many studies have shown that the pathogenesis of obsessive-compulsive disorder is associated with both genes and the environment. Epigenetics has provided an approach to explaining the influence on individual inheritance caused by environmental factors. Nowadays, several types of research have proved that there are differences in DNA methylation between obsessive-compulsive disorder patients and healthy population, and the DNA methylation may be strongly related to treatment response. Additionally, an increased level of microRNA was found in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. This review summaries the studies of epigenetics of obsessive-compulsive disorder and concludes the possible changes in epigenetic modifications to further understand the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Key words: obsessive-compulsive disorder, epigenetics, genetics, DNA methylation, microRNA

中图分类号:

R749.7

林梁俊, 王卫娣, 王佩, 林关宁, 王振. 强迫症的表观遗传学研究进展[J]. 上海交通大学学报(医学版), 2021, 41(2): 267-272.

Liang-jun LIN, Wei-di WANG, Pei WANG, Guan-ning LIN, Zhen WANG. Research progress in epigenetics of obsessive-compulsive disorder[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCIENCE), 2021, 41(2): 267-272.

图/表 1

参考文献 60

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Finding	Sample type	Gene	Reference
DNA methylation
Promoter hypomethylation and hyperhydroxymethylation in exonⅠ	Blood	BDNF	[22]
Promoter Ⅳ hypermethylation	Blood	BDNF	[23]
Promoter hypomethylation	Blood	BDNF	[24]
Promoter hypermethylation in children and adolescents, promoter hypomethylation in adults	Saliva	SLC6A4	[25]
Prediction of impaired treatment response of CBT by lower baseline promoter methylation	Blood	SLC6A4	[26]
Promoter hypermethylation	Blood	GABBR1/MOG	[24]
Promoter hypomethylation	Blood	MOG	[24]
Promoter hypomethylation	Blood	ESR1	[24]
Promoter hypermethylation in exon Ⅲ	Blood	OXTR	[27]
Promoter hypermethylation in exon Ⅲ, prediction of impaired treatment response of CBT by higher baseline promoter methylation	Blood	OXTR	[28]
Promoter hypermethylation	Blood	OXTR	[29]
Promoter hypomethylation	Blood	OXTR	[30]
Promoter hypomethylation, higher promoter methylation level after CBT	Blood	MAOA	[31]
Alteration of DNA methylation	Blood	BCYRN1, BCOR, FGF13, etc.	[32]
microRNA
Target gene of miR-485-3p associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder	Blood	NTRK3	[33]
Increased level of miR-22-3p	Blood	BDNF, MAOA, etc.	[34]
Increased level of miR-24-3p	Blood	－	[34]
Increased level of miR-106b-5p	Blood	－	[34]
Increased level of miR-125b-5p	Blood	－	[34]
Increased level of miR-155a-5p	Blood	－	[34]
Increased level of miR-132	Blood	BDNF	[35]
Increased level of miR-134	Blood	BDNF	[35]

Finding	Sample type	Gene	Reference
DNA methylation
Promoter hypomethylation and hyperhydroxymethylation in exonⅠ	Blood	BDNF	[22]
Promoter Ⅳ hypermethylation	Blood	BDNF	[23]
Promoter hypomethylation	Blood	BDNF	[24]
Promoter hypermethylation in children and adolescents, promoter hypomethylation in adults	Saliva	SLC6A4	[25]
Prediction of impaired treatment response of CBT by lower baseline promoter methylation	Blood	SLC6A4	[26]
Promoter hypermethylation	Blood	GABBR1/MOG	[24]
Promoter hypomethylation	Blood	MOG	[24]
Promoter hypomethylation	Blood	ESR1	[24]
Promoter hypermethylation in exon Ⅲ	Blood	OXTR	[27]
Promoter hypermethylation in exon Ⅲ, prediction of impaired treatment response of CBT by higher baseline promoter methylation	Blood	OXTR	[28]
Promoter hypermethylation	Blood	OXTR	[29]
Promoter hypomethylation	Blood	OXTR	[30]
Promoter hypomethylation, higher promoter methylation level after CBT	Blood	MAOA	[31]
Alteration of DNA methylation	Blood	BCYRN1, BCOR, FGF13, etc.	[32]
microRNA
Target gene of miR-485-3p associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder	Blood	NTRK3	[33]
Increased level of miR-22-3p	Blood	BDNF, MAOA, etc.	[34]
Increased level of miR-24-3p	Blood	－	[34]
Increased level of miR-106b-5p	Blood	－	[34]
Increased level of miR-125b-5p	Blood	－	[34]
Increased level of miR-155a-5p	Blood	－	[34]
Increased level of miR-132	Blood	BDNF	[35]
Increased level of miR-134	Blood	BDNF	[35]

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