上海交通大学学报(医学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 1448-1457.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2022.10.011
• 论著 · 公共卫生 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2022-03-29
接受日期:
2022-09-12
出版日期:
2022-10-28
发布日期:
2022-12-02
通讯作者:
章雅青
E-mail:liuxia@xinhuamed.com.cn;zhangyqf@shsmu.edu.cn
作者简介:
刘 霞(1978—),女,副主任护师,博士生;电子信箱:liuxia@xinhuamed.com.cn。
基金资助:
LIU Xia(), WEN Fule, ZHANG Yaqing()
Received:
2022-03-29
Accepted:
2022-09-12
Online:
2022-10-28
Published:
2022-12-02
Contact:
ZHANG Yaqing
E-mail:liuxia@xinhuamed.com.cn;zhangyqf@shsmu.edu.cn
Supported by:
摘要:
目的·评估冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)患者参加门诊心脏康复(cardiac rehabilitation,CR)的障碍水平现状并分析其相关因素。方法·采用方便抽样方法,于2017年10月—12月选取上海市杨浦区、虹口区、宝山区及松江区的7所三级甲等综合医院住院或门诊就诊的冠心病患者为研究对象。采用一般资料问卷、心脏康复相关信息知晓度调查问卷(Cardiac Rehabilitation Information Awareness Questionnaire,CRIAQ)及中文版心脏康复障碍量表(Chinese/Mandarin Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale,CRBS-C/M)进行调查,分析冠心病患者的CR信息知晓情况、CR障碍因素现状及相关因素。结果·共发放问卷390份,回收有效问卷342份,问卷有效回收率为87.7%。冠心病患者平均年龄(67.03±10.83)岁,听说过CR的患者为42人(12.3%)。CRBS-C/M的总均分中位数为3.10(2.71,3.43)分,各维度均分中位数介于3.00~3.50分,其中外部后勤因素障碍评分最高,为3.50(3.00,4.00)分;前3位的阻碍因素条目分别是“距离”“天气恶劣”和“我不知晓心脏康复”,同意或非常同意的患者比例分别为75.4%(258/342)、69.3%(237/342)和67.8%(232/342)。CRIAQ平均得分为(46.48±12.54)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,CRIAQ得分(β=-0.242,P=0.000)、是否为不稳定型心绞痛(β=0.194,P=0.000)、性别(β=0.154,P=0.002)及是否参加门诊CR项目(β=-0.128,P=0.016)是冠心病患者CR障碍水平的相关因素(F=8.909,P=0.000),可解释总变异量的25.9%。结论·冠心病患者CR障碍处于中上水平,最大障碍因素是外部后勤因素;患者认为阻碍其参加CR的前3位原因分别是距离远、天气恶劣及不知晓CR。CR信息知晓度高、参加门诊CR项目患者的CR障碍水平较低,不稳定型心绞痛、女性患者的CR障碍的水平较高。
中图分类号:
刘霞, 温弗乐, 章雅青. 冠心病患者参加门诊心脏康复的障碍水平调研及相关因素分析[J]. 上海交通大学学报(医学版), 2022, 42(10): 1448-1457.
LIU Xia, WEN Fule, ZHANG Yaqing. Investigation and related factor analysis of barriers to outpatient cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coronary heart disease[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2022, 42(10): 1448-1457.
CRBS-C/M | Score/point | Maximal/point |
---|---|---|
Total | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | 5 |
Factor 1: External logistical factors | 3.50 (3.00, 4.00) | 5 |
Factor 2: Time conflicts | 3.00 (2.00, 3.50) | 5 |
Factor 3: CR need | 3.00 (2.33, 3.50) | 5 |
Factor 4: Comorbidities/functional status | 3.00 (2.50, 3.50) | 5 |
Factor 5: Program and health system-level factors | 3.00 (2.67, 3.67) | 5 |
表1 冠心病患者CRBS-C/M总均分及各维度均分(n=342)
Tab1 Scores of CRBS-C/M and the subscale in the CHD patients (n=342)
CRBS-C/M | Score/point | Maximal/point |
---|---|---|
Total | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | 5 |
Factor 1: External logistical factors | 3.50 (3.00, 4.00) | 5 |
Factor 2: Time conflicts | 3.00 (2.00, 3.50) | 5 |
Factor 3: CR need | 3.00 (2.33, 3.50) | 5 |
Factor 4: Comorbidities/functional status | 3.00 (2.50, 3.50) | 5 |
Factor 5: Program and health system-level factors | 3.00 (2.67, 3.67) | 5 |
Characteristic variable | n(%) | Score of CRBS-C/M/point | Statistical value | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | -2.546 | 0.011 | ||
Male | 216 (63.2) | 3.05 (2.67, 3.38) | ||
Female | 126 (36.8) | 3.19 (2.85, 3.49) | ||
Age/year | -0.653 | 0.514 | ||
<60 | 65 (19.0) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.50) | ||
≥60 | 277 (81.0) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
BMI/(kg·m-2) | 1.272 | 0.529 | ||
<18.5 | 11 (3.2) | 3.24 (2.81, 3.33) | ||
18.5‒23.9 | 150 (43.9) | 3.14 (2.71, 3.48) | ||
≥24.0 | 181 (52.9) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.39) | ||
Registered residence | -2.599 | 0.009 | ||
Town | 324 (94.7) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
Country | 18 (5.3) | 3.33 (3.12, 3.52) | ||
Marital status | -0.068 | 0.946 | ||
Married | 326 (95.3) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
Single and others | 16 (4.7) | 2.98 (2.81, 3.33) | ||
Education | 3.225 | 0.199 | ||
Junior high and below | 157 (45.9) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Technical secondary school/senior high school | 133 (38.9) | 3.10 (2.79, 3.48) | ||
Junior college or above | 52 (15.2) | 2.93 (2.57, 3.29) | ||
Work | -0.596 | 0.551 | ||
In service | 54 (15.8) | 3.07 (2.64, 3.43) | ||
Not in service | 288 (84.2) | 3.10 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Living style | -2.615 | 0.009 | ||
Alone | 58 (17.0) | 3.26 (2.89, 3.63) | ||
Not alone | 284 (83.0) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.38) | ||
Primary caregiver | 3.905 | 0.142 | ||
Self | 152 (44.4) | 3.10 (2.67, 3.43) | ||
Spouse | 141 (41.2) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
Children or Nanny | 49 (14.3) | 3.19 (2.90, 3.52) | ||
Per capita annual income/yuan | 7.030 | 0.071 | ||
≤20 000 | 49 (14.3) | 3.19 (3.00, 3.43) | ||
20 001‒40 000 | 102 (29.8) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.44) | ||
40 001‒60 000 | 130 (38.0) | 3.10 (2.57, 3.52) | ||
>60 000 | 61 (17.8) | 2.95 (2.64, 3.24) | ||
Payment | -0.780 | 0.436 | ||
Self-paying | 16 (4.7) | 3.12 (2.95, 3.46) | ||
Health insurance or public expense | 326 (95.3) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
Hypertention | -1.953 | 0.051 | ||
Yes | 244 (71.3) | 3.05 (2.67, 3.42) | ||
No | 98 (28.7) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.49) | ||
Diabetes | -0.880 | 0.379 | ||
Yes | 123 (36.0) | 3.05 (2.67, 3.43) | ||
No | 219 (64.0) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Hyperlipidemia | -0.582 | 0.560 | ||
Yes | 73 (21.3) | 3.05 (2.76, 3.52) | ||
No | 269 (78.7) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.40) | ||
Stroke | -0.440 | 0.660 | ||
Yes | 19 (5.6) | 3.24 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
No | 323 (94.4) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
Renal insufficiency | -0.076 | 0.939 | ||
Yes | 11 (3.2) | 2.95 (2.67, 3.71) | ||
No | 331 (96.8) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
Transient ischemic attack | -1.378 | 0.168 | ||
Yes | 4 (1.2) | 3.45 (2.92, 3.95) | ||
No | 338 (98.8) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
Peripheral vascular disease | -1.223 | 0.221 | ||
Yes | 6 (1.8) | 2.67 (2.40, 3.31) | ||
No | 336 (98.2) | 3.10 (2.73, 3.43) | ||
CHD family history | -1.753 | 0.080 | ||
Yes | 146 (42.7) | 3.02 (2.67, 3.43) | ||
No | 196 (57.3) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Course of disease/year | 0.354 | 0.838 | ||
<1 | 128 (37.4) | 3.12 (2.70, 3.49) | ||
1‒5 | 101 (29.5) | 3.05 (2.57, 3.48) | ||
>5 | 113 (33.0) | 3.12 (2.76, 3.33) | ||
NYHA class | 4.658 | 0.097 | ||
Ⅰ | 163 (47.7) | 3.05 (2.67, 3.33) | ||
Ⅱ | 142 (41.5) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.49) | ||
Ⅲ | 37 (10.8) | 3.19 (2.88, 3.57) | ||
Disease type | 31.689 | 0.000 | ||
Occult heart disease | 158 (46.2) | 3.00 (2.57, 3.29) | ||
Stable angina | 15 (4.4) | 3.05 (2.38, 3.52) | ||
Unstable angina | 36 (10.5) | 3.48 (3.24, 3.71) | ||
Myocardial infarction | 91 (26.6) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Others | 42 (12.3) | 3.17 (2.76, 3.48) | ||
Tobacco use | -1.405 | 0.160 | ||
Yes | 67 (19.6) | 3.05 (2.57, 3.38) | ||
No | 275 (80.4) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Active exercise | -4.173 | 0.000 | ||
Yes | 200 (58.5) | 3.00 (2.62, 3.29) | ||
No | 142 (41.5) | 3.19 (2.90, 3.57) | ||
Attending outpatient CR | -4.185 | 0.000 | ||
Yes | 17 (5.0) | 2.38 (1.98, 2.81) | ||
No | 325 (95.0) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Gaining CR knowledge from health care providers | -1.215 | 0.224 | ||
Yes | 49 (14.3) | 3.07 (2.67, 3.43) | ||
No | 293 (85.7) | 3.14 (2.95, 3.43) | ||
Gaining CR knowledge from videos that can be taken home | -3.795 | 0.000 | ||
Yes | 84 (24.6) | 2.69 (2.29, 3.42) | ||
No | 258 (75.4) | 3.14 (2.86, 3.43) | ||
Gaining CR knowledge from lectures | -4.912 | 0.000 | ||
Yes | 39 (11.4) | 2.57 (2.19, 3.14) | ||
No | 303 (88.6) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.48) | ||
Gaining CR knowledge from printed booklets | -2.516 | 0.012 | ||
Yes | 62 (18.1) | 2.88 (2.38, 3.40) | ||
No | 280 (81.9) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Gaining CR knowledge from Internet | -3.561 | 0.000 | ||
Yes | 67 (19.6) | 2.90 (2.29, 3.24) | ||
No | 275 (80.4) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.48) | ||
Knowing about CR | -3.005 | 0.003 | ||
Yes | 42 (12.3) | 2.81 (2.32, 3.29) | ||
No | 300 (87.7) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.46) | ||
CRAIQ score | -0.268 | 0.000 |
表2 冠心病患者社会人口学特征、健康行为、康复知识获取来源及CRIAQ总分与CRBS-C/M总均分的相关性(n=342)
Tab 2 Correlations of CRBS-C/M score with sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, sources of rehabilitation knowledge, and CRIAQ score in the CHD patients (n=342)
Characteristic variable | n(%) | Score of CRBS-C/M/point | Statistical value | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | -2.546 | 0.011 | ||
Male | 216 (63.2) | 3.05 (2.67, 3.38) | ||
Female | 126 (36.8) | 3.19 (2.85, 3.49) | ||
Age/year | -0.653 | 0.514 | ||
<60 | 65 (19.0) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.50) | ||
≥60 | 277 (81.0) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
BMI/(kg·m-2) | 1.272 | 0.529 | ||
<18.5 | 11 (3.2) | 3.24 (2.81, 3.33) | ||
18.5‒23.9 | 150 (43.9) | 3.14 (2.71, 3.48) | ||
≥24.0 | 181 (52.9) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.39) | ||
Registered residence | -2.599 | 0.009 | ||
Town | 324 (94.7) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
Country | 18 (5.3) | 3.33 (3.12, 3.52) | ||
Marital status | -0.068 | 0.946 | ||
Married | 326 (95.3) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
Single and others | 16 (4.7) | 2.98 (2.81, 3.33) | ||
Education | 3.225 | 0.199 | ||
Junior high and below | 157 (45.9) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Technical secondary school/senior high school | 133 (38.9) | 3.10 (2.79, 3.48) | ||
Junior college or above | 52 (15.2) | 2.93 (2.57, 3.29) | ||
Work | -0.596 | 0.551 | ||
In service | 54 (15.8) | 3.07 (2.64, 3.43) | ||
Not in service | 288 (84.2) | 3.10 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Living style | -2.615 | 0.009 | ||
Alone | 58 (17.0) | 3.26 (2.89, 3.63) | ||
Not alone | 284 (83.0) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.38) | ||
Primary caregiver | 3.905 | 0.142 | ||
Self | 152 (44.4) | 3.10 (2.67, 3.43) | ||
Spouse | 141 (41.2) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
Children or Nanny | 49 (14.3) | 3.19 (2.90, 3.52) | ||
Per capita annual income/yuan | 7.030 | 0.071 | ||
≤20 000 | 49 (14.3) | 3.19 (3.00, 3.43) | ||
20 001‒40 000 | 102 (29.8) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.44) | ||
40 001‒60 000 | 130 (38.0) | 3.10 (2.57, 3.52) | ||
>60 000 | 61 (17.8) | 2.95 (2.64, 3.24) | ||
Payment | -0.780 | 0.436 | ||
Self-paying | 16 (4.7) | 3.12 (2.95, 3.46) | ||
Health insurance or public expense | 326 (95.3) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
Hypertention | -1.953 | 0.051 | ||
Yes | 244 (71.3) | 3.05 (2.67, 3.42) | ||
No | 98 (28.7) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.49) | ||
Diabetes | -0.880 | 0.379 | ||
Yes | 123 (36.0) | 3.05 (2.67, 3.43) | ||
No | 219 (64.0) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Hyperlipidemia | -0.582 | 0.560 | ||
Yes | 73 (21.3) | 3.05 (2.76, 3.52) | ||
No | 269 (78.7) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.40) | ||
Stroke | -0.440 | 0.660 | ||
Yes | 19 (5.6) | 3.24 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
No | 323 (94.4) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
Renal insufficiency | -0.076 | 0.939 | ||
Yes | 11 (3.2) | 2.95 (2.67, 3.71) | ||
No | 331 (96.8) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
Transient ischemic attack | -1.378 | 0.168 | ||
Yes | 4 (1.2) | 3.45 (2.92, 3.95) | ||
No | 338 (98.8) | 3.10 (2.71, 3.43) | ||
Peripheral vascular disease | -1.223 | 0.221 | ||
Yes | 6 (1.8) | 2.67 (2.40, 3.31) | ||
No | 336 (98.2) | 3.10 (2.73, 3.43) | ||
CHD family history | -1.753 | 0.080 | ||
Yes | 146 (42.7) | 3.02 (2.67, 3.43) | ||
No | 196 (57.3) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Course of disease/year | 0.354 | 0.838 | ||
<1 | 128 (37.4) | 3.12 (2.70, 3.49) | ||
1‒5 | 101 (29.5) | 3.05 (2.57, 3.48) | ||
>5 | 113 (33.0) | 3.12 (2.76, 3.33) | ||
NYHA class | 4.658 | 0.097 | ||
Ⅰ | 163 (47.7) | 3.05 (2.67, 3.33) | ||
Ⅱ | 142 (41.5) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.49) | ||
Ⅲ | 37 (10.8) | 3.19 (2.88, 3.57) | ||
Disease type | 31.689 | 0.000 | ||
Occult heart disease | 158 (46.2) | 3.00 (2.57, 3.29) | ||
Stable angina | 15 (4.4) | 3.05 (2.38, 3.52) | ||
Unstable angina | 36 (10.5) | 3.48 (3.24, 3.71) | ||
Myocardial infarction | 91 (26.6) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Others | 42 (12.3) | 3.17 (2.76, 3.48) | ||
Tobacco use | -1.405 | 0.160 | ||
Yes | 67 (19.6) | 3.05 (2.57, 3.38) | ||
No | 275 (80.4) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Active exercise | -4.173 | 0.000 | ||
Yes | 200 (58.5) | 3.00 (2.62, 3.29) | ||
No | 142 (41.5) | 3.19 (2.90, 3.57) | ||
Attending outpatient CR | -4.185 | 0.000 | ||
Yes | 17 (5.0) | 2.38 (1.98, 2.81) | ||
No | 325 (95.0) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Gaining CR knowledge from health care providers | -1.215 | 0.224 | ||
Yes | 49 (14.3) | 3.07 (2.67, 3.43) | ||
No | 293 (85.7) | 3.14 (2.95, 3.43) | ||
Gaining CR knowledge from videos that can be taken home | -3.795 | 0.000 | ||
Yes | 84 (24.6) | 2.69 (2.29, 3.42) | ||
No | 258 (75.4) | 3.14 (2.86, 3.43) | ||
Gaining CR knowledge from lectures | -4.912 | 0.000 | ||
Yes | 39 (11.4) | 2.57 (2.19, 3.14) | ||
No | 303 (88.6) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.48) | ||
Gaining CR knowledge from printed booklets | -2.516 | 0.012 | ||
Yes | 62 (18.1) | 2.88 (2.38, 3.40) | ||
No | 280 (81.9) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.43) | ||
Gaining CR knowledge from Internet | -3.561 | 0.000 | ||
Yes | 67 (19.6) | 2.90 (2.29, 3.24) | ||
No | 275 (80.4) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.48) | ||
Knowing about CR | -3.005 | 0.003 | ||
Yes | 42 (12.3) | 2.81 (2.32, 3.29) | ||
No | 300 (87.7) | 3.14 (2.76, 3.46) | ||
CRAIQ score | -0.268 | 0.000 |
Independent variable | Assignment |
---|---|
Gender | Male=0, Female=1 |
Registered residence | Town=0, Country=1 |
Living style | Alone=0, Not alone=1 |
Disease type | |
Occult heart disease | Z1=0, Z2=0, Z3=0, Z4=0 |
Stable angina | Z1=1, Z2=0, Z3=0, Z4=0 |
Unstable angina | Z1=0, Z2=1, Z3=0, Z4=0 |
Myocardial infarction | Z1=0, Z2=0, Z3=1, Z4=0 |
Others | Z1=0, Z2=0, Z3=0, Z4=1 |
Knowing about CR | No=0, Yes=1 |
Active exercise | No=0, Yes=1 |
Attending outpatient CR | No=0, Yes=1 |
Gaining CR knowledge from videos which can be taken home | No=0, Yes=1 |
Gaining CR knowledge from lectures | No=0, Yes=1 |
Gaining CR knowledge from printed booklets | No=0, Yes=1 |
Gaining CR knowledge from Internet | No=0, Yes=1 |
CRAIQ score | Original data |
表3 自变量赋值方法
Tab 3 Assignment of independent variables and dummy variables
Independent variable | Assignment |
---|---|
Gender | Male=0, Female=1 |
Registered residence | Town=0, Country=1 |
Living style | Alone=0, Not alone=1 |
Disease type | |
Occult heart disease | Z1=0, Z2=0, Z3=0, Z4=0 |
Stable angina | Z1=1, Z2=0, Z3=0, Z4=0 |
Unstable angina | Z1=0, Z2=1, Z3=0, Z4=0 |
Myocardial infarction | Z1=0, Z2=0, Z3=1, Z4=0 |
Others | Z1=0, Z2=0, Z3=0, Z4=1 |
Knowing about CR | No=0, Yes=1 |
Active exercise | No=0, Yes=1 |
Attending outpatient CR | No=0, Yes=1 |
Gaining CR knowledge from videos which can be taken home | No=0, Yes=1 |
Gaining CR knowledge from lectures | No=0, Yes=1 |
Gaining CR knowledge from printed booklets | No=0, Yes=1 |
Gaining CR knowledge from Internet | No=0, Yes=1 |
CRAIQ score | Original data |
Variable | Partial regression coefficient | Standard error | Standardized regression coefficient | t value | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Constant) | 3.638 | 0.143 | – | 25.448 | 0.000 |
Gender (X1) | 0.184 | 0.060 | 0.154 | 3.097 | 0.002 |
Registered residence | 0.123 | 0.124 | 0.048 | 0.991 | 0.322 |
Living style | - | - | - | 0 | |
Disease type (occult heart disease regarded as reference) | |||||
Stable angina | -0 | 0 | -0 | -0 | 0 |
Unstable angina (X2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Myocardial infarction | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Others | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Knowing about CR | -0 | 0 | -0 | -0 | 0 |
Active exercise | -0 | 0 | -0 | - | 0 |
Attending outpatient CR (X3) | -0 | 0 | -0 | - | 0 |
Gaining CR knowledge from videos which can be taken home | -0 | 0 | -0 | -0 | 0 |
Gaining CR knowledge from lectures | -0 | 0 | -0 | - | 0 |
Gaining CR knowledge from printed booklets | -0 | 0 | -0 | -0 | 0 |
Gaining CR knowledge from Internet | -0 | 0 | -0 | - | 0 |
CRIAQ score (X4) | -0.011 | 0.003 | -0.242 | -4.112 | 0.000 |
表4 冠心病患者CRBS-C/M总均分的多元线性回归结果(n=342)
Tab 4 Multivariate linear regression analysis of CRBS-C/M score in the CHD patients (n=342)
Variable | Partial regression coefficient | Standard error | Standardized regression coefficient | t value | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Constant) | 3.638 | 0.143 | – | 25.448 | 0.000 |
Gender (X1) | 0.184 | 0.060 | 0.154 | 3.097 | 0.002 |
Registered residence | 0.123 | 0.124 | 0.048 | 0.991 | 0.322 |
Living style | - | - | - | 0 | |
Disease type (occult heart disease regarded as reference) | |||||
Stable angina | -0 | 0 | -0 | -0 | 0 |
Unstable angina (X2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Myocardial infarction | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Others | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Knowing about CR | -0 | 0 | -0 | -0 | 0 |
Active exercise | -0 | 0 | -0 | - | 0 |
Attending outpatient CR (X3) | -0 | 0 | -0 | - | 0 |
Gaining CR knowledge from videos which can be taken home | -0 | 0 | -0 | -0 | 0 |
Gaining CR knowledge from lectures | -0 | 0 | -0 | - | 0 |
Gaining CR knowledge from printed booklets | -0 | 0 | -0 | -0 | 0 |
Gaining CR knowledge from Internet | -0 | 0 | -0 | - | 0 |
CRIAQ score (X4) | -0.011 | 0.003 | -0.242 | -4.112 | 0.000 |
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