帕金森病认知功能障碍影像标志物的研究现状

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2025.05.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

帕金森病作为全球第二大常见的神经退行性疾病，发病率出现逐年上升趋势，严重影响罹患该病的老年人及其家属的生活质量。认知功能障碍及帕金森病痴呆的发生是帕金森病病情进展的关键里程碑事件。而影像学检查作为神经退行性疾病重要的筛查及评估手段，在帕金森病相关研究中已得到一定程度的应用。不同的影像检查技术在帕金森病认知功能障碍的筛查方面具有不同的优势和特点。选择合适的影像学检查方法，不仅能最大程度地利用其优势，提高识别具有认知功能障碍风险的帕金森病患者的敏感度和特异度，还能减少患者的检查频次和受辐射剂量，降低患者的心理负担，提高依从性，有利于改善患者的生存质量及预后。该文从结构影像、功能影像和其他影像技术3个方面总结了帕金森病认知功能障碍相关的影像学标志物，并对未来的研究方向进行了相关探讨，旨在为帕金森病的临床诊疗提供更有力的影像学支持。

关键词: 帕金森病, 认知功能障碍, 影像标志物, 结构影像, 功能影像, 多模态技术

Abstract:

Parkinson′s disease (PD), the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease, has shown an increasing incidence in recent years, significantly impacting the quality of life of elderly individuals and their families. The onset of cognitive impairment and Parkinson′s disease dementia (PDD) are critical milestones in the progression of PD. Imaging examinations, serving as essential detection and evaluation tools for neurodegenerative diseases, have been increasingly applied to PD-related research. Different imaging techniques demonstrate distinct advantages and features in screening cognitive dysfunction in PD. Choosing a reliable imaging method not only maximizes the advantages of the examination, enhancing the sensitivity and specificity in identifying PD patients at risk of cognitive impairment, but also reduces the frequency of examinations and the radiation dose received by patients. This review summarizes the existing findings on imaging markers of cognitive impairment in PD from three aspects, structural imaging, functional imaging, and multimodal techniques. Furthermore, it explores future research directions, aiming to provide powerful imaging support for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PD.

Key words: Parkinson′s disease, cognitive impairment, imaging marker, structural imaging, functional imaging, multimodal technique

中图分类号:

R741.04

曹明明, 王辉, 尹雅芙. 帕金森病认知功能障碍影像标志物的研究现状[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2025, 45(5): 646-652.

CAO Mingming, WANG Hui, YIN Yafu. Current research status of imaging markers for cognitive impairment in Parkinson′s disease[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2025, 45(5): 646-652.

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