基于氧微环境调控的水凝胶体系促进骨再生的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2026.02.015

上海交通大学学报（医学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 248-255.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2026.02.015

• 综述 • 上一篇

基于氧微环境调控的水凝胶体系促进骨再生的研究进展

林超¹^,², 邹青松¹^,², 钱名扬¹^,², 程千²()

^1.江南大学无锡医学院临床医学系，无锡 214122
^2.上海交通大学医学院附属同仁医院骨科，上海 200336

收稿日期:2025-09-07 接受日期:2025-10-09 出版日期:2026-01-29 发布日期:2026-01-29
通讯作者: 程千，主任医师，博士；电子信箱：chengqian@shsmu.edu.cn。
作者简介:第一联系人：为共同第一作者（co-first authors）。
基金资助:
上海市卫生健康委员会科研计划项目(202140433);上海长宁区卫生健康委员会医学重点专科(20231002);上海交通大学医学院附属同仁医院教学人才项目(jxsx202305);上海交通大学中国医院发展研究院社区医疗研究所开放课题(2024SQYL02)

Advances in oxygen microenvironment-modulating hydrogel systems for bone regeneration

Lin Chao¹^,², Zou Qingsong¹^,², Qian Mingyang¹^,², Cheng Qian²()

^1.Department of Clinical Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
^2.Department of Orthopedics, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China

Received:2025-09-07 Accepted:2025-10-09 Online:2026-01-29 Published:2026-01-29
Contact: Cheng Qian, E-mail: chengqian@shsmu.edu.cn.
Supported by:
Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Health Industry Clinical Research Project(202140433);Shanghai Changning District Health Commission Medical Key Specialty Project(20231002);Teaching Talent Program, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(jxsx202305);Research Fund of Center For Community Health Care, China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University(2024SQYL02)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

骨缺损修复过程中常伴随血供不足与持续缺氧，导致细胞存活受限、血管生成受阻，并进一步抑制成骨过程。这已成为制约骨再生的重要因素。围绕这一关键瓶颈，以氧微环境调控为核心的载氧水凝胶体系逐渐成为骨组织工程领域的重要研究方向。该类体系依托水凝胶良好的生物相容性、可注射成形性及三维网络结构，通过整合过氧化物、全氟碳载氧体及酶/纳米酶等释氧模块，实现可控、可持续或微环境响应的氧气释放，并在一定程度上协同缓解氧化应激。该文系统综述了载氧水凝胶的基质材料选择、氧气来源与负载方式、释氧动力学调控策略，并从机制层面总结其在骨再生中的作用路径，包括改善局部缺氧、促进血管生成、增强成骨分化以及调节炎症反应与免疫微环境。该类体系在颅骨缺损及多种小动物骨缺损模型中可显著提高新骨形成质量与修复效率。综合现有研究证据，载氧水凝胶促进骨再生的关键不在于单纯提高氧供水平，而在于实现氧气释放强度、持续时间与骨修复阶段需求之间的精准匹配。未来研究需重点关注释氧动力学的定量调控、生物安全性及复杂病理微环境下的稳定性，以推动其向临床应用转化。

关键词: 骨组织工程, 氧气释放材料, 水凝胶控释体系, 骨再生, 缺氧微环境

Abstract:

Bone defect repair is often accompanied by inadequate vascularization and persistent hypoxia, which restrict cell survival, hinder angiogenesis, and ultimately impair osteogenesis, thereby posing a major challenge to effective bone regeneration. To overcome these limitations, hydrogel systems designed to modulate the local oxygen microenvironment have attracted increasing attention in bone tissue engineering. Owing to their favorable biocompatibility, injectability, and three-dimensional network architectures, these systems incorporate peroxide-based oxygen generators, perfluorocarbon oxygen carriers, and enzyme- or nanozyme-mediated oxygen-producing modules, enabling controlled, sustained, or microenvironment-responsive oxygen release while partially mitigating oxidative stress. This review summarizes recent advances in oxygen-releasing hydrogels, with an emphasis on hydrogel matrix selection, oxygen sources and loading strategies, and the regulation of oxygen release kinetics. The biological mechanisms underlying their pro-regenerative effects are further discussed, including the alleviation of local hypoxia, promotion of angiogenesis and osteogenic differentiation, and modulation of inflammatory responses and the immune microenvironment. Experimental evidence indicates that these hydrogel systems can substantially improve the quality of newly formed bone and enhance repair efficiency in calvarial and other small-animal bone defect models. Importantly, emerging studies suggest that successful bone regeneration depends not simply on increasing oxygen availability, but on achieving an appropriate balance among oxygen release intensity, duration, and the stage-specific requirements of bone repair. Future work should therefore prioritize quantitative control of oxygen release kinetics, long-term biosafety, and stability in complex pathological microenvironments to advance clinical translation.

Key words: bone tissue engineering, oxygen-releasing material, hydrogel controlled-release system, bone regeneration, hypoxic microenvironment

中图分类号:

R496

林超, 邹青松, 钱名扬, 程千. 基于氧微环境调控的水凝胶体系促进骨再生的研究进展[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2026, 46(2): 248-255.

Lin Chao, Zou Qingsong, Qian Mingyang, Cheng Qian. Advances in oxygen microenvironment-modulating hydrogel systems for bone regeneration[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2026, 46(2): 248-255.

图/表 1

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基于氧微环境调控的水凝胶体系促进骨再生的研究进展

Advances in oxygen microenvironment-modulating hydrogel systems for bone regeneration

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