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Research progresses of clinical prediction of development of IgA nephropathy towards end-stage renal disease

ZHOU Yue-ling1, JIANG Geng-ru2   

  1. 1.Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; 2.Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
  • Online:2016-02-28 Published:2016-03-29

Abstract:

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis in the world with a highly variable course. About 15% to 40% of patients will progressively develop to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) within 10 to 20 years after diagnosis. Many studies indicate that the incidence of IgAN in Asia is higher than that in North America and Europe. Asian patients are more likely to develop to ESRD and IgAN has become the principal primary glomerulonephritis leading to ESRD in Asian population. Risk factors that cause the incidence of ESRD of patients with IgAN include proteinuria, decline of estimated glomerular filtration rate, severe histopathological injury, hypertension, hypoalbuminemia, hyperuricemia, and anemia. Other factors such as male gender, hematuria, and unhealthy lifestyles are controversial. Meanwhile, researchers have established various models for predicting the risk of this disease to develop to ESRD, including Goto model, Utsunomiya model, Berthoux model, and Ruijin Hospital model, etc, which provide the possibility for early prediction and intervention.

Key words: IgA nephropathy, end-stage renal disease, risk factor, cumulative renal survival