Establishment and evaluation of standardized steps for building a guinea pig model of auditory brainstem implantation

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2022.05.005

Abstract

Abstract: Objective

·To establish the guinea pig model of auditory brainstem implant (ABI) by modified transbulla-labyrinthine approach and assess its effectiveness and reliability.

Methods

·Twenty healthy adult male albino guinea pigs with normal hearing underwent ABI surgery via modified transbulla-labyrinthine approach. During the operation, the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) of the brainstem was exposed laterally and implanted with a special ABI electrode array for guinea pigs. The evoked auditory brainstem response (eABR) was recorded from DCN and compared with the eABR waveform elicited from cochlear intraoperativly. After the electrode was implanted, the eABR waveform at DCN was recorded before euthanasia at 48 h, 7 d, 30 d and 180 d after operation. Then the brain tissue containing the electrode was harvested and the electrode neural-interface was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunofluorescence staining and q-PCR.

Results

·The eABR was successfully recorded at DCN from all animals during surgery, and the death occurred at 36 h to 48 h after operation. The waveform morphology of eABR at DCN was similar to that at cochlea. The latency of wave Ⅲ in eABR at DCN [ (0.84 ± 0.22)ms] was shorter than that of wave Ⅳ in EABR at cochlea (n=19), and the threshold difference between them was (0.11±0.14) mA (n=19). Compared with the intraoperative eABR at DCN, the average threshold increased by (0.10±0.10) mA (n=16), and the average delay of wave Ⅲ latency was (0.15±0.21) ms (n=16). Histological morphology analysis showed that the contact surface of cochlear nucleus around the electrode showed vacuolar changes at 48 h post-operation, and increased glial components were observed at the edge of DCN at 48 h, 7 d and 180 d post-operation. Results of q-PCR showed IL-1β and MMP9 were upregulated at 48 h and 7 d post-operation compared with the unimplanted electrode group, but there was no significant difference.

Conclusion

·The modeling success rate of established ABI-implanted guinea pig model is high and have outstanding repeativeness, and the local gliosis is preliminarily observed after implantation.

Key words: auditory brainstem implantation (ABI), animal model, guinea pig, auditory electrophysiology, histological morphology

CLC Number:

R764.4

ZHOU Xiang, PAN Jinxi, ZHANG Qinjie, LI Yun, CHEN Ying, TAN Haoyue, PENG Fei, HUANG Sui, TAN Zhiping, WU Hao, JIA Huan. Establishment and evaluation of standardized steps for building a guinea pig model of auditory brainstem implantation[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2022, 42(5): 583-590.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig 1 ABI surgical procedure in guinea pigs

Fig 2 Schematic diagram of ABI electrode for guinea pig

Fig 3 eABR waveform elicited intraoperatively and postoperatively

Fig 4 H-E staining of bilateral cochlear nuclei and brainstem tissues after operation

Fig 5 Immunofluorescence staining of postoperative DCN

Fig 6 mRNA expression of IL-1β and MMP-9 in DCN after implantation in guinea pigs by q-PCR

TrendMD

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