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28 August 2019, Volume 39 Issue 8 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Outstanding international article
Original article (Basic research)
Original article (Clinical research)
Original article (Public Health)
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Outstanding international article

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Structure and degradation of circular RNAs regulate PKR activation in innate immunity The research group of SHEN Nan 2019, 39 (8):  809.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.001 Abstract ( 1037 )   PDF (3832KB) ( 347 )   Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Basic research)

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SIRT7 protecting hepatocytes LPS or D-GalN/LPS-induced apoptosisattenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress via inactivation of GRP78 RUAN Xin1, ZHANG Ying-ting1, HAN Ke-qi1, LIN Long-shuai2, CHEN Chen1, YUE Ming1, WANG Chu-qiao1, SUN Ying-gang3, ZHAO Qing-hua2, HE Ming1 2019, 39 (8):  812.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.002 Abstract ( 1003 )   PDF (9974KB) ( 596 )   Objective · To investigate the effects of SIRT7 on acute liver injury inducedlipopolysaccharide (LPS) or D-galactosamine (D-GalN)/LPS and its mechanisms. Methods · Thirteen-week-old C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal saline group (n5), LPS group (n7), and D-GalN/ LPS group (n8), which were respectively intraperitoneally injected with normal saline, LPS or D-GalN/LPS. The serum and livers of normal saline group and LPS group mice were collected 24 hours after the injection, and the samples of D-GalN/LPS group were collected 8 hours after the injection. Liver pathological changes were comparedusing H-E staining, and serological indicators of the mice three groups were also compared. Liver apoptosis and inflammatory cells infiltration were determinedTUNEL staining and F4/80 staining. Meanwhile, the mRNA levels of SIRT7 and inflammatory factors, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in livers were detectedrealtime-PCR. Western blotting was used to detect the protein levels of SIRT7, cleaved-caspase3 and the 78 kDa glucose regulated protein (GRP78) in moliver tissues. AML-12 cell line overexpressing SIRT7 was stimulated with LPS, and Western blotting was used to study the roles of SIRT7 in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducedLPS in vitro. Results · LPS orD-GalN/LPSinduced inflammatorycellsinfiltration,hyperemia and hepatocytesapoptosis inlivers.Meanwhile, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) in the mice treatedLPS or D-GalN/LPS were significantly increased. Moreover, both liver SIRT7 mRNA and protein levels were down-regulated, while GRP78 protein in ER stress pathway was up-regulated. In AML-12 cells, SIRT7 over inhibited LPS-induced up-regulation of GRP78. Conclusion · SIRT7 protects against LPS or D-GalN/LPS-induced hepatocytes apoptosisattenuating ER stress via inactivating GRP78. Related Articles | Metrics

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Primary study on the effect of glucose on moCD4+ T cell differentiation and its mechanism CHEN Dong-ping, WU Ning-bo, SU Bing, NIU Xiao-yin 2019, 39 (8):  820.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.003 Abstract ( 981 )   PDF (7886KB) ( 592 )   Objective · To study the effect of glucose on moCD4+ T cell differentiation. Methods · Mona.ve CD4+ T cells cultured in the regulatory T cell (Treg), Th1, Th17 or Th2 differention condition were treated with different concentrations of glucose for 5 days. Treg, Th1, Th17 or Th2 percentages were measuredflow cytometry. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the gene s of related cytokines and transcriptional factors. Results · The proportions of Treg and Th2 as well as the gene s of transforming growth factor-β, interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13, and transcriptional factors, Foxp3 (forkhead box P3) and Gata3 (GATA binding protein 3), were increased significantly with the treatment of increasing concentration of glucose. On the contrary, with the glucose treatment, the percentages of Th1 and Th17 were reduced, and the gene s of the related cytokines and cytokine receptors, such as interferon-γ, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22 and IL-23R, and the related transcriptional factors, Tbx21 (T-box transcription factor 21) and RORC (RAR related orphan receptor C), were decreased consistently. Conclusion · Glucose promotes Treg and Th2 differentiation while inhibits Th1 and Th17 differentiation in vitro. Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of methylation in regulating PhoP activity in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LI Jian-hui, SU Yang, YAO Yu-feng, NI Jin-jing 2019, 39 (8):  827.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.004 Abstract ( 806 )   PDF (8833KB) ( 466 )   Objective · To investigate the correlation between methylation and the activity of transcriptional regulator PhoP in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), and screen for the methyltransferase of PhoP. Methods · The methylation level of PhoP in S. Typhimurium under different culture conditions was determinedWestern blotting. The transcription levels of phoP and the genes regulatedphoP were examined to screen for the methyltransferase of PhoP after overexpressing methyltransferase candidates predictedbioinformatics. And then methyltransferase assay was verified in vitro. The transcription levels of phoP and its methyltransferase were determinedreal-time PCR in high concentration of Mg2+ or weak acid conditions. Results · As the concentration of Mg2+increased in the medium, the methylation level of PhoP increased, and its methylation level decreased after S. Typhimurium was stimulatedweak acid. In the screening of 9 methyltransferases predictedbioinformatics, over of STM14_0023 reduced the transcription level of phoP and its downstream genes and the protein level of PhoP in vivo, but knockout of STM14_0023 had no effect on the of phoP and its downstream genes. STM14_0023 was capable of methylating PhoP in vitro and could also increase the methylation level of PhoP after over of STM14_0023 in vivo. Under the condition of high concentration of Mg2+ when the of phoP was inhibited, the transcriptional level of STM14_0023 was reduced. Conclusion · STM14_0023 is the methyltransferase of PhoP, and methylation inhibits PhoP activity. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of miR-322-5p on inhibiting Th17 differentiationtargeting Akt3 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis interferedinterferon-β JIN Shu-xin1, 2, WU Ting3, CAI Fei-yang1, 2, LEI Yun-xuan1, 2, XI Ye-bin1, CHEN Guang-jie1 2019, 39 (8):  834.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.005 Abstract ( 724 )   PDF (9791KB) ( 432 )   Objective · To investigate the effect of miR-322-5p which targets Akt3 on Th17 differentiation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) interferedinterferon-β (IFN-β). Methods · The effect of IFN-β on EAE mice which were randomly divided into IFN-β group and PBS group was examine. The percents of Th17 in the two groups were comparedfluorescence activated cell sorting. The miRNAarray was made to find different miRNAs between those two groups. MiR-322-5p was screened for further research. The target gene of miR-322-5p was predicted using softwares and the common predicted target gene Akt3 was got. The of Akt3 was detected after IFN-β intervention and miR-322-5p over. The target relationship between Akt3 and miR-322-5p was verifiedluciferase reporter assay. At last, the effect of Akt3 on Th17 differentiation was explored in vitro. Results · Comparedto PBSgroup, thepercent of Th17 wassignificantlydownregulated, the ofmiR-322-5p wassignificantlyupregulated and Akt3 was significantly downregulated in IFN-β group. The of Akt3 was obviously decreased after overexpressing miR-322-5p. Luciferase reporter assay showed that Akt3 was directly targetedmiR-322-5p. The percent of Th17 differentiation was greatly promotedAkt3 in vitro. Conclusion · IFN-βsignificantly ameliorates the severityof EAEbyaffecting miR-322-5p whichcan inhibitTh17 differentiationtargeting Akt3. Related Articles | Metrics

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Promotion of 640 nm red light on keratinocyte migration via CD26 ZHANG Wen, FU Xiu-jun, YAO Min 2019, 39 (8):  843.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.006 Abstract ( 786 )   PDF (6447KB) ( 681 )   Objective · To investigate the mechanism of 640 nm red light promoting keratinocyte migration preliminarily. Methods · Human keratinocytes were cultured in vitro and assigned to 4 groups according to different interventions, i.e. control group, sitagliptin group (CD26 inhibited), 640 nm red light group (8 J/cm2) and 640 nm red light+sitagliptin group. The levels of CD26 mRNA and protein in keratinocytes were measured with realtime-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Cell migration was observed with Transwell assay and scratch assay. Results · The level of CD26 mRNA and the of CD26 protein in 640 nm red light group obviously increased compared with control group, while those of sitagliptin group significantly decreased (all P<0.05). Migration ability of keratinocytes increased in 640 nm red light group and decreased in sitagliptin group observedTranswell assay and scratch assay. Conclusion · The of CD26 in keratinocytes is promotedthe 640 nm red light, which can accelerate keratinocyte migration to facilitate re-epithelialization. Related Articles | Metrics

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Regulation of mitochondrial carrier SLC25A13 on breast cancer cell cycle in vitro GU Xiao-ping1, CHEN Meng-ping1, LIANG A-juan2, LIU Yun-xia1, SUN Hai-peng1, HUANG Ying1 2019, 39 (8):  848.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.007 Abstract ( 728 )   PDF (8079KB) ( 470 )   Objective · To investigate the role of mitochondrial solute carrier family 25 member 13 (SLC25A13) on breast cancer development. Methods · SLC25A13 mRNA and protein s in invasive breast cancer tissues and normal breast tissues were The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer dataset. Survival analysis was conducted onlineKaplan-Meier software. MCF-7 cell line was used for in vitro cell assay. Knockdown of SLC25A13 and sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) were conductedsiRNA transfection. Cell viability was measured with trypan blue exclusion. Cell cycle arrest was determinedflow cytometry. The mRNA of SLC25A13 and P27 were detectedquantitative PCR. The protein level of SLC25A13, P27 and SIRT2 were detectedWestern blotting. Protein half-life of P27 was assessedWestern blotting after cycloheximide treatment. Results · SLC25A13 was up-regulated in invasive breast cancer tissues. High of SLC25A13 correlated with poor overall survival and breast cancer recurrence. SLC25A13 knockdown inhibited MCF-7 cell cycle progression. P27 and SIRT2 both accumulated after SLC25A13 knockdown. P27 accumulation resulted prolonged protein half-life. Knockdown of SIRT2 restored cell cycle arrest as well as P27 accumulation causedSLC25A13 silencing. Conclusion · High of SLC25A13 may promote cell cycle progression via SIRT2 in breast cancer development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Kinase activity of novel receptor interacting protein kinase 3 mutants ZHANG Yue1, ZHANG Hai-wei2, ZHANG Hai-bing2, LUO Yan 1 2019, 39 (8):  856.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.008 Abstract ( 1036 )   PDF (5477KB) ( 572 )   Objective · To explore the kinase activity of novel receptor interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) mutants. Methods · The four amino acids (Q84WDF87) of RIPK3 were mutated respectively and these mutants were co-transfected with mixed lineage kinase domain like pseudokinase (MLKL) into HEK293T cells. The auto-phosphorylation of these mutants at S232 and phosphorylation of MLKL at S345 were detectedWestern blotting. The interaction between RIPK3 and MLKL was testedco-immunoprecipitation. The oligomerization of MLKL was detectednon-reducing gel. Results · The kinase activities of RIPK3ΔQ84, RIPK3ΔW85 and RIPK3ΔD86 were effectively decreased. Nevertheless, the kinase activities of RIPK3Q84A/RIPK3Q84E, RIPK3W85Y and RIPK3D86A/RIPK3D86Y did not change markedly. The auto-phosphorylation of RIPK3W85A at S232 was decreased without affecting phosphorylation and oligomerization of MLKL. Conclusion · The amino acid site Q84, W85 or D86 plays a critical role in RIPK3 kinase activity. The kinase activity of RIPK3W85A is decreased, but it does not affect MLKL. Related Articles | Metrics

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Inhibition of gastrin on catabolism of rat chondrocytes inducedinterleukin-1β LI Ying-ying1, LUO Ya-ping2, FU Guo-hui1, 2, CHEN Shi-hui1 2019, 39 (8):  861.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.009 Abstract ( 778 )   PDF (6048KB) ( 444 )   Objective · To investigate the protective effect of gastrin on rat chondrocytes treated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and underlying mechanism . Methods · Chondrocytes of knee joint of newborn rats were isolated and cultured. The effect of gastrin on cell viability was determinedMTT assay. In addition, after being induced with 10 ng/mL of IL-1β for 2 d, the chondrocytes were treated with 1×10-7 mol/L of gastrin for 3 d. The s of chondrocyte catabolic genes, i.e., matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) and MMP13, and the key proteins in gastrin-related signaling pathway, i.e., cholecystokinin B receptor (CCKBR), extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), phospho-ERK (p-ERK) and p65 were detectedreal-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Results · Gastrin with the concentration of 1×10-7 mol/L had no cytotoxic effects on the viability of chondrocytes. Based on IL-1β induction, the s of MMP3 and MMP13 genes were significantly downregulatedgastrin. Meanwhile, the of CCKBR in the IL-1β induction group and gastrin treatment groups was higher than that in the normal control group. Gastrin also facilitated the phosphorylation of ERK and resulted in the inhibition of P65. Conclusion · Gastrin increases the phosphorylation level of ERKactivating its receptor CCKBR, thereby inhibiting the activity of P65 in NF-κB pathway, antagonizing the chondrocyte catabolic activity inducedIL-1β.Accordingly, gastrin may possess the potentials of cartilage matrix protection via inhibiting mRNA s of MMP3 and MMP13 and catabolism in rat chondrocytes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of vascular endothelial growth factor on the fibrosis and the of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine in cultured human Tenons fibroblast XIANG Xiao-qiong, LUO Li-ying, FU Yang, GU Qing, TANG Min 2019, 39 (8):  866.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.010 Abstract ( 725 )   PDF (9279KB) ( 386 )   Objective · To investigate the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on the of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) andthefibrosisinculturedhumanTenonsfibroblast(HTF) in vitro. Methods · HTF cells were obtained Tenons capsule tissues of patients undergoing strabismus surgery. Immunofluorescence was used to identify the HTF cells. HTF cells were cultured with different concentrations of VEGF, and which were divided into four groups, i.e., 0 ng/mL group, 25 ng/mL group, 50 ng/mL group and 100 ng/mL group. The of SPARC, collagen-Ⅰ, and matrix metalloprotein 9 (MMP-9) and the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway were analyzedWestern blotting and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). The abilities of proliferation and migration of HTF cells were detectedMTS assay and scratch test, respectively. Results · HTF cells were observed and identifiedinverted phase contrast microscope and immunofluorescence. Under the stimulation of VEGF, the of protein and mRNA of SPARC, collagen-I and MMP-9 of HTF cells in other three groups were increased compared with 0 ng/mL group; the phosphorylation activities of ERK pathway were up-regulated, and the proliferation and migration abilities of HTF cells were up-regulated. And the effect was the most obvious in the 50 ng/mL group. Conclusion · VEGF is involved in promoting the fibrosis of HTF cells accompaniedthe up-regulation of the SPARC, which suggests SPARC may become a potential regulatory site. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of B cell subsets in rhumatoid arthritis patients and the effect of epigallocatechingallate on B cell subsets CHEN Fang-qian1, YAN Yu-xin1, MAO Meng-han1, PENG Hao1, JIN Shu-xin1, CAI Qiang2, YANG Yang2, YUE Tao2，ZHU Qi2，XI Ye-bin1, CHEN Guang-jie1 2019, 39 (8):  873.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.011 Abstract ( 895 )   PDF (10674KB) ( 558 )   Objective · To explore the characteristics of B cell subsets in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and the regulation of epigallocatechingallate (EGCG) on B cell subsets in RA patients. Methods · Twenty-nine age- and sex-matched RA patients and 29 healthy controls were selected, and the difference of B cell subsets in peripheral blood between the two groups was analyzedpaired t-test. According to the value of disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28), RA patients were divided into active group (2.6≤DAS28<5.1) and highly active group (DAS28≥5.1). The differences of B cell subsets in peripheral blood between the two groups were analyzedt test. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured in vitro under co-stimulation of 0, 10, 100 μmol/L EGCG and 2.5 μg/L staphylococcal protein A. The level of B-cell-activating factor receptor (BAFF-R) mRNA was detectedreal-time PCR after 24 h, and B cell subsets were detectedflow cytometry after 48 h. Results · The numbers and the proportions of total B cells, undifferentiated B cells,memory B cells and plasmablasts in lymphocytes of RApatients were significantly higher than those of healthy controls (P<0.05), which of CD19+ IL-10+ regulatory B cells (Breg) of RA patients were not significantly different those of healthy controls (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the numbers and the proportions of total B cells and B cell subsets (except CD19+ IL-10+ Breg) between 10 RA patients of active group and 19 RA patients of highly active group (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the number and the proportion of CD19+ IL-10+ Breg in lymphocytes between 6 RA patients of active group and 12 RA patients of highly active group (P>0.05). The proportion of total B cells was weakly positively correlated with IgG type rheumatoid factor (r0.308). EGCG could significantly increase the proportion of CD19+ IL-10+ Breg (P<0.05) and 100 μmol/L EGCG could significantly suppress the of BAFF-R mRNA in B cells (P0.000). However, it had no significant effect on the proportions of undifferentiated B cells, memory B cells and plasmablasts in lymphocytes (P>0.05). Conclusion · B cells may play an auxiliary role in the development of RA. The number of CD19+ IL-10+ Breg in RA patients increases as a feedback. EGCG can promote Breg proliferation and suppress BAFF-R mRNA . Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary study on application of programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 to the diagnosis of colorectal cancer in confocal laser endomicroscopy ZHANG Xin-tian, CHEN Jin-nan, WANG Qi-wen, LI Xiao-bo 2019, 39 (8):  881.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.012 Abstract ( 720 )   PDF (7374KB) ( 439 )   Objective · To investigate the relationship between of programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L2) in colorectal cancer and prognosis, and explore the feasibility of application of PD-L2 in confocal laser endomicroscopy in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Methods · Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the of PD-L2 in 100 patients with colorectal cancer. The relationship between the levels and the prognosis of patients was analyzed. The s of PD-L2 in 30 cases of early colorectal cancer and adjacent normal mucosa were detectedimmunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Confocal laser endomicroscopy was used to observe the difference in fluorescence intensity between early colorectal cancer and adjacent normal mucosa after being incubated with PD-L2 fluorescent antibody. Results · There were statistically significant differences in T-stage and distant metastasis between the patients with low and high of PD-L2, and they were both positively correlated with of PD-L2 (r0.274, P0.009; r0.216, P0.039). There was also a positive correlation between PD-L2 membrane and T stage (r0.201, P0.037). Survival analysis showed that the survival rate of patients with high PD-L2 was significantly lower than that of patients with low PD-L2 (P0.000). The protein of PD-L2 in early colorectal cancer was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal mucosa. Under confocal laser endomicroscopy, the fluorescence intensity of early colorectal cancer was higher than that of adjacent normal mucosa. Conclusion · High of PD-L2 in colorectal cancer predicts poor prognosis in patients. Application of PD-L2 in confocal laser endomicroscopy may contribute to the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of hemodialysis and hemoperfusion combination treatment on maintenance hemodialysis patients LONG Quan1, QIN Ji-ping2, LI Rong2, CHANG Juan2, JIANG Geng-ru3, ZHU Chun2, 3 2019, 39 (8):  886.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.013 Abstract ( 926 )   PDF (9914KB) ( 452 )   Objective · To investigate the effects of hemodialysis (HD) and hemoperfusion (HP) combination treatment on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods · A total of 80 MHD patients in Chongming Branch of Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine July 2017 to July 2018 were randomly divided into two groups, i.e., HD+HP group (n40) and HD group (n40). The patients were followed up every 3 months for 1 year. The changes of laboratory indexes, dialysis adequacy indicators and quality of life scores of Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form (KDQOL-SF) were compared between the two groups, and the prognosis, causes of death and adverse events were recorded. Results · At the endofone-year treatment,levels ofparathyroidhormone (PTH), β2-microglobulin(β2-MG),high sensitiveC-reactiveprotein (hsCRP),interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) andleftventricular mass index (LVMI)weresignificantly lower in HD+HPgroupthanthose inHD group(P<0.05), while the level of hemoglobin and the KDQOL-SF score were significantly higher in HD+HPgroup than those in HD group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the indexes of iron metabolism, calcium, phosphorus, albumin and urea clearance index (Kt/V) between the two groups (P>0.05). The overall mortality rates of HD+HP group and HD group were 12.5% and 32.5%, respectively. No significant adverse events were observed during the follow-up. Conclusion · The effects ofHDcombinedwith HPonclearingmiddle andlarge moleculartoxins,reducing microinflammation status,and improvingrenal anemia and left ventricular hypertrophy are better than those of only HD. There may be potential advantages of HD and HP combination in improving quality of life in MHD patients as well. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the association between placental weight and neonates birth weight SHEN Min, TAN Tao, LI Hao-jie, TANG Mo-lian, XU Ren-ying, WAN Yan-ping 2019, 39 (8):  893.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.014 Abstract ( 861 )   PDF (7655KB) ( 378 )   Objective · To evaluate the association between placental weight and neonates birth weight. Methods · A total of 4 187 neonates and their mothers were recruited Department of Obstetrics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2017. All the included neonates were divided into three groups based on their placental weights, i.e., low placental weight group ( Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of relative factors affecting the pregnancy outcome of frozen-thawed embryo transfer in patients with endometriosis ZHANG Qun-fang1, 2, LIU Yun1, 2, CHEN Guo-yong1, HE Ling-yun1 2019, 39 (8):  898.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.015 Abstract ( 786 )   PDF (8281KB) ( 537 )   Objective · To explore the factors affecting the pregnancy outcome of frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) in endometriosis (EMT) patients into provide reference for the clinical selection of FET strategies. Methods · A total of 329 EMT patients who received blastocyst FET at the Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into three groups according to endometrial preparation protocols, ages, and endometrial thickness on the day of progesterone conversion, respectively.endometrial preparation protocols, the three groups included gonadotropinreleasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) down-regulation+ hormone replacement therapy (HRT) group (GnRH-a+HRT group, A1 group, n138), HRT group (B1 group, n52), and natural cycle (NC) group (C1 group, n139).ages, the three groups included <30 years old group (A2 group, n109), 30-35 years old group (B2 group, n161), and >35 years old group (C2 group, n59).endometrial thickness on the day of progesterone conversion, the three groups included <9 mm group (A3 group, n111), 9-12 mm group (B3 group, n181), and >12 mm group (C3 group, n37). The differences in pregnancy outcomes among EMT patients with blastocyst FET were compared under different grouping factors. Results · The endometrium of A1 group was significantly thicker than thatof B1 group (P0.041), the implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate of B1 group weresignificantly higherthanthose of C1 group (P0.000, P0.003). Compared with A1 group, the implantation rate of B1 group was significantly higher (P0.023), while it was significantly lower in group C1 (P0.027). The abortion rate of A2 group was significantly higher than that of B2 group (P0.007). Compared with A3 group, the implantation rate of B3 group was significantly higher (P0.041), while it was significantly lower in C3 group (P0.026). Conclusion · HRT endometrial preparation protocol for EMT patients with blastocyst FET can improve the implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate, and reduce the abortion rate and ectopic pregnancy rate, which maybe an economicalandefficient endometrial preparation protocol inclinical. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of clinical indexes in predicting eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis LI Ting, LI Ji-ping 2019, 39 (8):  903.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.016 Abstract ( 1104 )   PDF (6157KB) ( 477 )   Objective · To evaluate clinical indexes in predicting eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) in the one system. Methods · In this retrospective study, 89 chronic rhinosinusitis patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery in Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were studied. Thirty-five patients were diagnosed as having ECRS, 54 having non-ECRS according to pathology. Peripheral blood eosinophil (EOS) absolute counts, peripheral blood EOS percentages (EOS%), E/M ratios (Lund-Mackay score ratio of ethmoid sinus to maxillary sinus) and Japanese Epidemiological Survey of Refractory Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis (JESREC) scores were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to assess the advantages and disadvantages of each predictive diagnostic index. Results · ① The peripheral blood EOS absolute and percentage, E/M ratio and JESREC score were higher in ECRS group than those in non-ECRS (P<0.01). ② AUC value of JESREC score was 0.893, peripheral blood EOS% was 0.877, peripheral blood EOS absolute was 0.870, and E/M ratio was 0.724. Conclusion · ① JESREC score, peripheral blood EOS absolute and percentage, and E/M ratio can be applied to predict ECRS. ② JESREC score, peripheral blood EOSabsoluteand peripheral blood EOS%show higherpredictingefficiency. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study of a screening system for mild cognitive impairment based on machine learning model JIA Zhi-ying1, 2, DONG Min-ye1, 2, SHI Zhen-su2, 3, JIN Chun-lin4, LI Guo-hong1, 2 2019, 39 (8):  908.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.017 Abstract ( 984 )   PDF (8618KB) ( 549 )   Objective · To evaluate the reliability and validity of a computerized cognitive assessment system designed for screening mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and compare the screening accuracy among constructed different machine learning classification models. Methods · A group of random stratified samples of over 55 years old residents in the communities, nursing homes and memory-clinics Shanghai and Henan were selected to assess their cognitive status using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)well-trained investigators. The reliability and validity were assessedintrinsic consistency analysis and factor analysis, respectively. Taking the results of MoCA as standards, four machine learning classification algorithms, i.e., na.ve Bayesian classification model, random forest classifier, Logistic regression classifier, and K-nearest neighbor classifier, were compared in accuracy and area under curve (AUC). Results · A total of 359 participants were included, the median age of whom was 63 years old. And 82.80% of them were secondary school graduates or below. According to the results of MoCA, 147 of them might be MCI. The Cronbachs α and KMO of this system were 0.84 and 0.78, respectively; Bartletts sphericity test was significant (P<0.05); thirteen common factors could explain 75.10% of the system. The best classification model was na.ve Bayesian classification model, and its accuracy andAUC were 88.05% and 0.941, respectively. Conclusion · The new designed computerized cognitive assessment system has been proved to be reliable and valid. The na.ve Bayesian classification model has good classification accuracy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Genetic research progress of depression YU Ling-fang, ZHANG Chen 2019, 39 (8):  914.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.018 Abstract ( 1754 )   PDF (8525KB) ( 832 )   Depression is a common mental disorder and causes great disease burden. To date peoples understanding of genetic mechanisms of depression is lagging far behind that of other psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Recently, with the accumulation of clinical samples and the advances of methodology and technology, certain progress in genetics of depression has been made. This review summarizes the genetic research progress in candidate genes, common variants, rare variants and chromosome structure variations of depression. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in augmentation therapy mechanism of obsessive compulsive disorder REN Yan-yan, WANG Zhen 2019, 39 (8):  919.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.019 Abstract ( 1053 )   PDF (6416KB) ( 627 )   Administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) is a widely used pharmacotherapeutic approach for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) today. However, nearly half of the OCD patients do not respond to SSRI. It has been shown that some antipsychotic drugs can augment the therapeutic effect of SSRI in the patients with OCD, but the augmentation’s effect is still ineffective for some patients.Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the augmentation’s mechanism for further improvement of the clinical treatment. This article reviews some common used augmentation for OCD and discusses the underlying mechanisms. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in prostaglandin E2 reprogramming pancreatic cancer microenvironment LIANG Yu, JIANG Ming-jie, TIAN Ling 2019, 39 (8):  923.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.020 Abstract ( 975 )   PDF (9969KB) ( 436 )   Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant disease with poor prognosis. Accumulating evidences indicate that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) can promote cancer progressionreprogramming tumor microenvironment (TME). On one hand, PGE2 can regulate immune cells, tumor cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts and endothelial cells inTME to boost growth,invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. On the otherhand,exosomes tumor cells influence the synthesis, release and uptake of PGE2 and enhance its reprogramming abilities. Furthermore, PGE2 even plays an important role in the development of therapy resistancestimulating tumor repopulation and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Hence, PGE2 might be a potential therapeutic target for intervention of pancreatic cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of effect of carotenoids on maternal and child health WU Ke1, SUN Han-xiao2, CAI Mei-qin1 2019, 39 (8):  929.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.08.021 Abstract ( 902 )   PDF (7354KB) ( 4482 )   Early life nutrition plays an important role in determining the pregnancy outcomes and offspring lifelong health. Carotenoids deficiency is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preeclampsia, premature delivery and intrauterine growth restriction. Carotenoids possess antioxidant, inflammation modulating and immune-enhancing properties and promote visual, cognitive and respiratory health in offsprings. Among carotenoids, α-carotene, β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin can be transformed into vitamin A in vivo, and their conversion rates are affectedthe nutritional status of vitamin A. Lutein and zeaxanthin are highly enriched in the brain and retina of infants and young children, which are closely related to the development of visual acuity and cognitive function. Breast milk contains an adequate level of lutein and its absorption rate is significantly higher than that of infant formulas. Consequently lutein supplementation is necessary for artificially fed infants, especially premature infants. In this paper, the functional research progresses of carotenoids related to adverse pregnancy outcomes and offspring development, as well as the present situation of carotenoids supplementation in formula were reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics