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28 July 2019, Volume 39 Issue 7 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Outstanding international article
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Outstanding international article

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Palmitoylation of PD-L1 is a new target for cancer immunotherapy The research group of XU Jie 2019, 39 (7):  689.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.001 Abstract ( 1788 )   PDF (3490KB) ( 656 )   Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Basic research)

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Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of APC/Asef inhibitors RUAN Cong1, ZHONG Jie2, YANG Xiu-yan2, ZHANG Jian2 2019, 39 (7):  692.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.002 Abstract ( 770 )   PDF (7716KB) ( 423 )   Objective · To design and synthesize APC/Asef peptide inhibitors and investigate the structure-activity relationship between peptides inhibitors and APC protein for exploring better inhibitors. Methods · Based on the best-class inhibitor we had found before—MAI-400, eleven peptide inhibitors were designed, which included the changes of N-terminal capping group, the first amino acid Ala, the fifth amino acid Leu and the last amino acid Glu. According to the results of fluorescence polarization activity detection system and molecular docking, the structure-activity relationship of peptide inhibitors was investigated. Results · Among the eleven peptides, MPI-11 had the highest affinity, whose half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0.973 1 mmol/L. The capping group of peptide N-terminal with tert-butoxycarbonyl group reduced the activity slightly. The substitution of the Ala caused different results, changing into Trp, His and Thr definitely reduced the activity but the substitutionTyr or Phe did not influence the activity too much. And introducing benzene ring into the side chain of Leu had few effects on activity improving. The substitution of side chain carboxyl for amide at the C-terminal glutamate had little effect on the activity. Conclusion · Among the eleven peptides, the capping group of peptide N-terminal cannot be substituted into small groups and Ala cannot be substituted into other amino acids. Related Articles | Metrics

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Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed genes in ischemic cardiomyopathy ZHANG Peng1, CHANG Zheng-yan2, YANG Lei1, XUE Song1, LIAN Feng1 2019, 39 (7):  698.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.003 Abstract ( 869 )   PDF (7365KB) ( 557 )   Objective · To screen differentially expressed genes in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM)bioinformatics analysis and construct the regulatory network of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). Methods · Data sets were downloaded Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to screen the differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs between normal samples and ICM ones. Then, GO (Gene Ontology) analysis and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway analysis were performed. The differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs were analyzed to predict related miRNAsbioinformatics methods, and then to construct ceRNA regulatory network. Results · GO analysis and KEGG pathways analysis results showed that the differentially expressed genes were enriched in the pathways such as metabolic pathway, oxidative phosphorylation, and extracellular matrix receptor interaction, and they were closely related to the functions such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, fibrosis, collagen catabolic process, and inflammatory response. A ceRNA regulatory network containing 26 mRNAs, 2 lncRNAs and 15 miRNAs was constructed. Conclusion · The bioinformatics method can be used to analyze the differentially expressed genes of ICM, and the regulatory network of ceRNA of ICM has been successfully constructed. Related Articles | Metrics

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SUMO specific peptidase 3 regulates autophagy in motesticular Sertoli cells TAO Ya-qun1, ZHU Hui-qin1, PAN Yi-qing2, LAO Yi-min1, YI Jing1, YANG Jie1 2019, 39 (7):  706.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.004 Abstract ( 736 )   PDF (10997KB) ( 614 )   Objective · To investigate the regulation of autophagySUMO specific peptidase 3 (SENP3, normally called SUMO specific protease 3) in motestis. Methods · Immunofluorescence was used to detect the localization of SENP3 in spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells of testis. Senp3 wild type (Senp3+/+) mice and Senp3 gene knockout heterozygous (Senp3+/-) mice were subjected to starvation treatment to induce autophagy. Testicular tissue proteins were extracted, and the extent of autophagy was detectedWestern blotting. The extent of autophagy of Sertoli cells was detected and compared with that of spermatogenic cells in testistransmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. Results · SENP3 mainly localized in the nucleus of Sertoli cells. Compared to Senp3+/+ mice, the extent of starvation-induced autophagy in Sertoli cells of Senp3+/- mice increased. Conclusion · SENP3 can inhibit autophagy in Sertoli cells during nutrient deficiency, which may play a role in controlling the extent of autophagy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Improvement of batyl alcohol on alveolarization arrest in newborn rats with bronchopulmonary dysplasia XIE Xiao-hua1, CHEN Ze1, LIU Cheng-bo1, YANG Yi-hui2, ZHANG Yong-jun1 2019, 39 (7):  714.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.005 Abstract ( 688 )   PDF (8844KB) ( 412 )   Objective · To investigate whether batyl alcohol (BTA) can improve the pathology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in newborn rats inducedlipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the mechanism. Methods · Pregnant SD rats (16.5 d) were randomly assigned into Saline group, LPS group, and LPS+BTA group. Amniocentesis injection of LPS was performed to establish neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) rat model. In LPS+BTA group, LPS and BTA were injected at the same time. After birth, LPS+BTA group was injected with BTA continuously everyday for 7 days. The other two groups were injected with normal saline of equal volume. Lung tissues of neonatal rats on the first, third and seventh day after birth were stainedhematoxylineosin (H-E) and resorcin-fuchsin respectively, to observe alveolarization arrest. The mRNA and protein levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in newborn rats lungs were detectedreal-time PCR and ELISA. In vitro, momacrophages RAW264.7 were cultured to detect IL-1β mRNA levels and protein levels after treatment with LPS and BTA. SD rat bone marrow macrophages were isolated and treated with LPS and BTA. RNA-sequence was taken to screen for possible targets of BTA inhibition of inflammation. Results · The results of H-E staining showed that LPS+BTA group had a milder pathology of BPD, with more secondary septa counts, more alveolar counts, and smaller mean linear intercept (all P<0.05); after BTA intervention the levels of IL1β mRNA and protein in lung tissues of neonatal rats were significantly lower than those in LPS group (both P<0.05). In vitro, IL-1β mRNA and protein increased after LPS stimulation (both P0.000), but decreased in the LPS+BTA group (both P<0.05). RNA-sequence results showed that BTA inhibited the s of some inflammatory factors, such as thrombospondin1 (Thbs1), triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (Trem1), and cluster of differentiation 274 (Cd274), and promoted the s of some anti-inflammatory factors, such as complement C1q C chain (C1qc), RT1 class Ⅱ, locus Da (RT1-Da), and RT1 class Ⅱ, locus Db1 (RT1-Db1). Conclusion · BTA can improve lung pathology of neonatal rats with BPDdownregulating the of IL-1β and reducing inflammatory response. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of BRD4 inhibitor on histone crotonylation, proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells HONG Xi1, LIU Li-jie1, HUANG Xian-yu2, LUO Jing2, YU Jian-jun1 2019, 39 (7):  721.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.006 Abstract ( 734 )   PDF (8479KB) ( 508 )   Objective · To investigate the effects of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) inhibitor I-BET762 on histone crotonylation, proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells. Methods · Three human prostate cancer cell lines, i.e., LNCaP, C4-2B and PC-3, were respectively treated with I-BET762 of half maximal inhibitory concentration. Histone crotonylation modification and acetylase were detectedWestern blotting. CCK-8, transwell migration test and scratch test were used to detect the effects of I-BET762 on proliferation and migration of LNCaP, C4-2B and PC-3 cells. Results · I-BET762 inhibited the of histone acetylase P300 and GCN5, and reduced the histone crotonylation modification. Transwell migration test and scratch test showed that I-BET762 could inhibit the migration of prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP, C4-2B and PC-3 (all P<0.01); CCK-8 test showed that the proliferation of three prostate cancer cell lines was inhibitedI-BET762. Conclusion · In prostate cancer cells, I-BET762 can reduce the histone crotonylation and also inhibit cell proliferation and migration. Related Articles | Metrics

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Improved efficiency of adeno-associated virus mediated gene transfer to vein graftsof pluronic F-127-trypsin gel LI Song1, ZHONG Chang-ming1, WANG Xiao-wen1, 2, ZHANG Cheng1, 3, FENG Bo2, XIE Xiao4, HUANG Chun1, XIANG Xiao-yong1 2019, 39 (7):  730.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.007 Abstract ( 702 )   PDF (7903KB) ( 446 )   Objective · To investigate whether pluronic F-127-trypsin gel enhances the efficiency of adeno-associated virus (AAV) mediated gene transfer to vein grafts. Methods · Rat model of venous bridge vascular restenosis was established. The vein grafts were infected with recombinant AAV encoding an enhanced green fluorescent protein (Egfp) reporter gene, and pluronic F-127-trypsin gel was used to increase viral contact time and viral penetration. The of EGFP in vein grafts was determinedfrozen section, immunohistochemistry staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-mediated PCR 21 days after surgery. Structural integrity of the tissue was evaluatedmeasurement of tissue tensile strength. Results · Pluronic F-127-trypsin gel can significantly improve the efficiency of AAV infection in vein grafts, in which AAV serotype 6 was more efficient than AAV 1, 8, and 9 serotypes in infecting vein grafts, and tissue tensile strength was not affected. Conclusion · Pluronic F-127 trypsin gel may be a safe and effective method to improve the efficiency of AAV mediated gene transfer to vein grafts. It can be used for the prevention and treatment of venous bridge vascular restenosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of TGF-&beta;1/Smads signaling pathway in tissue remodeling of cultured nasal polyps in vitro LI Yi-min, TAN Guo-jing, JIANG Yu, ZOU Can, HU Guo-hua, LIU Jie, YANG Yu-cheng 2019, 39 (7):  737.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.008 Abstract ( 836 )   PDF (8649KB) ( 501 )   Objective · To further explore the role of TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway in the tissue remodeling process of cultured nasal polyps in vitro. Methods · Fifteen cases of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and 15 cases of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) were screened out, and the control group was 10 patients with deviation of nasal septum. The location and of proteins in tissues were analyzedimmunohistochemistry. The and distribution of collagen were detectedusing the method of Masson trichrome staining. The levels of mRNA and protein were detectedquantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting respectively. Nasal polyps were treated ex vivoTGF-β1 (n15). The levels of mRNA and protein in culture pellets and collagen in culture supernatant were analyzedqRT-PCR, Western blotting and ELISA respectively. Results · The TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3 mRNA and protein levels were significantly decreased in the CRSwNP group compared with the CRSsNP group (all P<0.05). TGF-β1 and pSmad2/3 protein level showed positive correlation in CRS (r0.991, P<0.01), so was TGF-β1 and Smad2, Smad3 mRNA levels (r0.581, r0.658, both P<0.01). TGF-β1 had positive correlation with collagen in CRS (r0.982, P<0.01). Compared with the controls ex vivo, the levels of Smad2, Smad3, pSmad2/3 and collagen were markedly increased after TGF-β1 treatment. Conclusion · TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway may play an important role in tissue remodeling of CRSwNP, and cacollagen reduction and edematous mucous membrane in nasal polyps. Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Clinical research)

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Mechanism of male reproductive failure in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and outcomes of assisted reproductive technology treatment SHI Wei-hui1, 2, LIU Xue-li1, 2, YE Mu-jing1, 2, CHEN Song-chang1, 2, HUANG He-feng2, 3, XU Chen-ming1, 2 2019, 39 (7):  744.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.009 Abstract ( 671 )   PDF (8818KB) ( 546 )   Objective · To explore the potential mechanism of male reproductive failure in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patients and analyze the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology treatment. Methods · Next-generation sequencing was performed for genetic diagnosis of 8 ADPKD patients, who came to International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, for genetic counseling. The semen of ADPKD patients and normal males who came for pre-pregnancy consultation was collectedmasturbation for sperm analysis. The ultrastructure of sperm was observedtransmission electron microscopy. Outcomes of 7 patients with ADPKD who chose preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) were compared with those of 7 patients who were dystrophin (DMD) gene mutation carriers, undergoing the PGT in the same period. Results · Eight patients with ADPKD were heterozygous for polycystin 1 (PKD1) gene. Key parameters of sperm motion including progressive motility sperm percentage, curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity, average path velocity, amplitude of lateral head displacement were much lower than those of normal semen, showing mild to severe oligozoospermia. One ADPKD patient with severe oligoathenospermia manifested bilateral seminal vesicle cysts. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the central microtubules of the sperm flagella of ADPKD patients were absent and the surrounding double microtubules were disorganized. There was no significant difference in the number of eggs, fertilization rate, cleavage rate, effective embryo rate and excellent embryo rate between the ADPKD patients and the DMD gene mutation carriers, but the ADPKD patients were prone to early abortion. Conclusion · Male reproductive failure causedADPKD may be related to many factors such as abnormal structure of sperm flagella and genital cysts. Further, PKD1 mutation may play a role in embryo implantation and early development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Therapeutic effect of iliofemoral stenting after AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy on acute deep vein thrombosis YANG Xin-rui, LIU Guang, LI Wei-min, LIU Xiao-bing, YIN Min-yi, HUANG Xin-tian, LU Xin-wu 2019, 39 (7):  750.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.010 Abstract ( 798 )   PDF (6206KB) ( 584 )   Objective · To evaluate the outcomes of patients with acute proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and iliofemoral stenosis who underwent stenting after AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy. Methods · A retrospective analysis was conducted on the patients who received iliofemoral vein stent implantation after the treatment of iliofemoral vein DVT with AngioJet thrombectomy January 2015 to December 2016 in the Vascular Surgery Department of Shanghai Ninth Peoples Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. The outcomes included technical success rate, patency rate at 1 year and incidence rate of post thrombotic syndrome (PTS). The effect of direct stenting after AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy was compared with that of staged stenting. Results · A total of 97 patients were enrolled and divided into direct stenting group (n50) and staged stenting group (n47). The technical success rates were 100% in both groups, and there was no 30-day mortality and serious complication. Immediate clinical improvement in direct group was significantly higher than that in staged group (92.0% vs 68.1%, P0.000). The primary patency rates at 1 year were 93.6% in the direct group and 97.8% in the staged group (P0.323). The Villalta scores in the direct group were significantly higher than those in the staged group (4.21±2.37 vs 2.11±1.82, P0.000). Conclusion · Both direct and staged stenting are effective treatment modalities for patients with acute proximal DVT. The decision of the stenting timing should be based on individual case. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between high serum uric acid level and short-term progression of albuminuria in hospitalized diabetic patients WANG Ting-ting1, 2, LI Ming-jie1, LIN Ning1, NIU Yi-xin1, JIAN Wei-xia1, SU Qing1 2019, 39 (7):  754.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.011 Abstract ( 724 )   PDF (7071KB) ( 462 )   Objective · To explore the risk factors associated with short-term progression of albuminuria in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods · The retrospective cohort study design was performed to consecutively recruit 210 hospitalized T2DM patients who met the inclusion criteria, including 102 males and 108 females April 2010 to April 2015. The data of the patients twice in hospital (as baseline and follow-up information, respectively), including general data, biochemical examinations and medication were collected. Multivariate Logistic analysis was used to explore the potential risk factors for baseline albuminuria and short-term progression of albuminuria. Results · Serum uric acid levels were significantly higher in the patients with macroalbuminuria ( ≥ 300 mg/24 h) than those in the patients without albuminuria (< 30 mg/24 h) at baseline (P0.002). Among the 207 patients (excluding 3 samples with missing data) during the second hospitalization, 51 patients (24.6%) had progress in albuminuria and 156 patients (75.4%) had none. Serum uric acid levels were significantly higher in the progression group than those in the non-progression group (P0.009). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that high serum uric acid level was an independent risk factor for progression of albuminuria in T2DM patients (OR1.349, 95%CI 1.014-1.793, P0.040). Conclusion · The high serum uric acid level may be an independent risk factor for short-term progression of albuminuria, and early intervention with hyperuricemia might delay the progression of diabetic kidney disease in T2DM patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and clinical significance of DNA mismatch repair proteins in sporadic colorectal carcinoma SUN Wei-jie1, XU Ying1, YANG Jing2, CHU Yi-min1, YANG Da-ming1, LI Ji1, PENG Hai-xia1 2019, 39 (7):  759.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.012 Abstract ( 1061 )   PDF (5959KB) ( 582 )   Objective · To investigate the s of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, i.e. MLH1 (mutL homolog 1), MSH2 (mutS homolog 2), MSH6 (mutS homolog 6) and PMS2 (postmeiotic segregation increased 2) in sporadic colorectal carcinoma (SCRC) and their correlation with clinicopathological characteristics. Methods · Cancer tissue samples of the SCRC patients who underwent radical resection of colorectal cancer at Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine April 2014 to August 2018 were collected. MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 and p53 proteins in colorectal cancer tissue samples 209 patients who met the criteria were detectedimmunohistochemistry, and 67 samples were detectedreal-time PCR for KRAS oncogene mutation. Results · In 209 cases of cancer tissues, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 deficiency rates were 17.2% (36/209), 2.4% (5/209), 12.9% (27/209), and 16.7% (35/209), respectively. The total deficiency rate of MMR system proteins was 30.1% (63/209), which was higher in the patients under 55 years old, with tumor at the right colon, with tumor bigger than 6 cm or with mucinous adenocarcinoma (all P<0.05). MLH1 deficiency rate of the patients with p53 mutation was significantly higher than that of unmutated patients (P0.012); MLH1 deficiency rate of the patients with KRAS mutation was significantly lower than that of unmutant patients (P0.044). There was no significant difference in the positive rates of MLH1 and PMS2 in these SCRC patients (P1.000). Conclusion · MMR systemic protein deletion may be associated with patient age, tumor location, tumor size, and histopathological typing; MLH1 protein deletion may be associated with mutations of p53 and KRAS genes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of multiple thrombectomy on outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke HE Hong1, 2, LIU Yi-sheng1, ZHAO Rong1, LI Ge-fei1, SHI Yan-hui1, LI Yi3, LIU Jian-ren1 2019, 39 (7):  764.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.013 Abstract ( 790 )   PDF (5744KB) ( 456 )   Objective · To study the effect of the number of thrombectomy on the prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT). Methods · Retrospective analysis was performed in 88 acute ischemic stroke patients treated with MT in Shanghai Ninth Peoples Hospital March 2013 to April 2018. Based on the number of thrombectomy, all the patients were divided into the group with lower number of thrombectomy (group A) ( ≤ 2 times of thrombectomy) and the group with higher number of thrombectomy (group B) (>2 times of thrombectomy). Revascularization rate, incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage, score of National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and mortality at 7 d after surgery, modified Rankin score (mRs) and mortality at 90 d after surgery were compared between the two groups. Results · Compared with group B, there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage, and rates of symptom improvement at 7 d and good prognosis at 90 d in group A (all P>0.05). But the mortality at 7 d and 90 d in group A was lower than that in group B (P0.003, P0.031), and the rate of successful revascularization in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (P0.010). Conclusion · Multiple thrombectomy is not significantly correlated with intracerebral hemorrhage, early symptom improvement and good prognosis at 90 d, but it is correlated with the rates of revascularization and mortality. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation analysis of plasma lipid with glucose status and insulin resistance in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus YE Hua-ying1, 2, LI Hua-ping2 2019, 39 (7):  768.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.014 Abstract ( 875 )   PDF (7971KB) ( 370 )   Objective · To investigate the correlation of plasma lipid with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and insulin resistance in women with GDM, and to analyze the effect of plasma lipid on pregnancy outcome. Methods · A total of 922 pregnant women with GDM who underwent prenatal examination in Shanghai Sixth Peoples Hospital January 2012 to April 2017 were selected for plasma lipid examination in the second trimester of pregnancy [(14.7±2.8) weeks]. Oral 75 g glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and islet function examination were performed during 24-28 weeks of pregnancy. According to the fasting triacylglycerol (TAG) level in the second trimester of pregnancy, they were divided into three groups: group T1 (TAG ≤ 1.3 mmol/L, n310), group T2 (1.31.79 mmol/L could be used as an index to predict glucose status in GDM patients (P0.001). ② Compared with group T1 and T2, group T3 showed significantly increased fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, MBCI, and decreased WBSIS (all P<0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that BMI before pregnancy and TAG in the second trimester were independently correlated with HOMA-IR (β0.213, β0.224, both P0.000). BMI before pregnancy was independently correlated with MBCI (β0.811, P0.000). ③ The incidences of macrosomia and caesarean in group T3 were significantly higher than those in group T1 (both P<0.05). After adjusting for age and pre-pregnancy BMI, TAG in the second trimester did not increase the risk of macrosomia. TAG>4.19 mmol/L in the third trimester and TAG level in the second trimester to the third one increasing2.38 mmol/L or more, were high risk factors for macrosomia (both P0.001). Conclusion · Increased TAG (TAG>1.79 mmol/L) in the second trimester is an independent and correlated factor of insulin resistance, which may aggravate GDM. Increased TAG levels (TAG increasing>2.38 mmol/L) the second trimester to the third one and high TAG (TAG>4.19 mmol/L) in the third trimester are risk factors for macrosomia. Related Articles | Metrics

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Anesthesia management of selective ophthalmic intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma FANG Shu-dong, ZHI Yan-kang, ZHOU Chi, SUN Yu, JIANG Hong 2019, 39 (7):  774.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.015 Abstract ( 889 )   PDF (6038KB) ( 462 )   Objective · To investigate the safety of treatment with ophthalmic artery cannulation for intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) in children with retinoblastoma (RB) during general anesthesia. Methods · A total of 60 children with RB who underwent ocular artery interventional chemotherapy under general anesthesia in Shanghai Ninth Peoples Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine September 2015 to August 2018 were collected. Induction of anesthesia was performed with rapid induction of endotracheal intubation with midazolam, fentanyl, propofol and rocuronium. Sevoflurane and oxygen were administered for maintenance of general anesthesia, with intermittent injection of rocuronium and fentanyl. Intraoperative continuous monitoring of hemodynamic parameters, respiratory parameters (EtCO2, oxygen saturation and inspiratory peak pressure) and sevoflurane minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) was performed, and intraoperative pulmonary compliance, hypoxemia, hypotension and other cardiopulmonary adverse events were observed and recorded. Results · Over a 3-year period, 185 treatment sessions were performed in 60 patients. Thirty-two cardiopulmonary adverse events were observed in 20 patients, and the incidence rate was 17.2%, mainly including severe decrease in lung compliance, hypoxemia and arterial hypotension. All severe decreases in lung compliance occurred within 1 or 2 minutes after catheter insertion in the ophthalmic artery. After active treatment with propofol, phenylephrine and epinephrine, no death and permanent sequelae occured. Conclusion · An appreciable incidence of trigeminocardiac reflex to intra-ophthalmic artery infusion of chemotherapy in patients with RB is found. Both interventionalists and anesthesiologists should be aware of this potential event and be prepared to provide immediate resuscitative measures. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical effect of Wenjing-Quyu-Juanbi Prescription combined with methylcobalamin in treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy ZHU Li-min, MAO Zhu-jun, YAO Qiong, GUO Ling-jian, SHEN Ke-ping 2019, 39 (7):  778.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.016 Abstract ( 1216 )   PDF (6814KB) ( 648 )   Objective · To observe the clinical effect of Wenjing-Quyu-Juanbi Prescription combined with methylcobalamin on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Methods · A total of 133 CIPN patients were dividedrandom number method into two groups, i.e. treatment group (n67) and control group (n66). Control group received oral methylcobalamin therapy, and treatment group received water decoction of WenjingQuyu-Juanbi Prescription on the basis of oral methylcobalamin therapy every day. After 4 weeks of treatment, the patients symptom scores in traditional Chinese medicine and peripheral nerve injury grades in two groups were observed and total effective rates were calculated. The peripheral nerve conductive velocities between the two groups were compared. Results · The study was completed in 123 patients, 63 in the treatment group and 60 in the control group. After treatment, symptom scores of numbness of the extremities, pain, inconvenient flexion, mental fatigue, pale appearance and cold limbs were significantly lower than those before treatment (all P<0.05). And the symptom scores of treatment group after treatment were significantly lower than those of control group (all P<0.05). The total effective rate of treatment for peripheral nerve injury in treatment group was also higher than that in control group (P<0.05). Sensory nerve conduction velocity and motor nerve conduction velocity of median nerves and common peroneal nerves after treatment were all significantly faster than those before treatment (all P<0.05). And between the two groups they were faster in treatment group after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion · The therapeutic effect of Wenjing-Quyu-Juanbi Prescription combined with methylcobalamin on CIPN is better than that of methylcobalamin only. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of risk factors of hyperuricemia and its outcomes of renal function in diabetes mellitus in Shanghai ZHAO Fang-ya1, LU Jun-qian2, ZHANG Lei2, CHEN Hai-bing1 2019, 39 (7):  783.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.017 Abstract ( 738 )   PDF (9104KB) ( 412 )   Objective · To analyze the risk factors of hyperuricemia (HUA) and its outcomes of renal function in patients with diabetes mellitus in Shanghai. Methods · A total of 3 454 patients with diabetes who were admitted to the Shanghai Diabetes Clinical Center July 2011 to September 2014 were selected. The prevalence of HUA, predisposing factors and renal function of diabetic patients were analyzed. Patients were divided into HUA group (n548) and normal serum uric acid (SUA) group (n2 906). General characteristics and clinical parameters of diabetic patients were compared between two groups. Pearson correlation analysis and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between SUA and renal dysfunction and abnormal proteinuria in diabetic patients. Results · In Shanghai patients with diabetes, the prevalence of HUA was 15.87%, 14.52% in men, 17.80% in women. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), fasting C-peptide, gender, age, natural logarithm of the ratio of microalbuminuria to creatinine (LnACR), glycated albumin (GA), triacylglycerol (TAG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and body mass index (BMI) were independently associated with SUA (all P<0.05). In diabetic patients with HUA, 1-SD increment in the SUA level was associated with a 0.8% increased prevalence of renal dysfunction, 0.3% increased prevalence of incident abnormal albuminuria and 0.5% decreased prevalence of hyperfiltration (all P<0.05). Conclusion · Diabetes has an important impact on HUA. Actively improving insulin resistance and controlling blood glucose may improve HUA. HUA is an independent risk factor for the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, monitoring the level of SUA in diabetic patients is of great significance in the prevention of diabetic nephropathy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics of radiotherapy trials registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) ZHANG Xin, HUANG Luo, TAO Dan, LI Cong, XIE Lin, WANG Yu-qing, LONG Bin 2019, 39 (7):  789.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.018 Abstract ( 849 )   PDF (6922KB) ( 391 )   Objective · To analyze the characteristics of radiotherapy clinical trials registered in Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR). Methods · The radiotherapy clinical trials registered in ChiCTR before December 1, 2018 were retrieved. Their characteristics were recorded and analyzed. Results · A total of 274 registered radiotherapy clinical trials were in ChiCTR, and the number increasedyear, in which 79.9% were preregistered, 51.5% were ongoing, and 27.4% had data monitoring committees. The top four researched diseases were lung cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, liver cancer and esophageal cancer. 53.7% were conducted in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong and Sichuan. 86.4% were single-center. 69.7% were fundedindividuals or units. 40.5% focused on new radiotherapy schemes. The main types of research were intervention study (50.7%) and observational study (39.8%). Enterprise-funded projects tended to larger sample size and randomization, while self-funded projects tended to blinding (all P<0.05). Conclusion · Radiotherapy clinical trials in China are relatively standardized, but the regional distribution is unbalanced, the scale of research is small, and some registration information is incorrect or incomplete. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of neuroimmune mechanisms of cognitive function in schizophrenia and effect of atypical antipsychotic drugs on it WANG Dan-dan, ZHANG Chen 2019, 39 (7):  795.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.019 Abstract ( 763 )   PDF (8102KB) ( 320 )   Atypical antipsychotic drugs have overcome the serious prolactin elevation and extrapyramidal symptoms of typical antipsychotic drugs, and become the first-line treatment for psychiatry. Studies have found that atypical antipsychotic drugs can modulate the immune inflammatory state of patients and affect their cognitive function, and there is increasing evidence suggesting that neuroimmune disorders may impair cognitive function in schizophrenia. This article reviews the progress of neuroimmune mechanisms of cognitive function in schizophrenia and the effect of atypical antipsychotic drugs on it. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress in the relationship between panic disorder and childhood trauma YANG Chen, WANG Zhen, SHAO Yang 2019, 39 (7):  800.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.020 Abstract ( 895 )   PDF (8272KB) ( 549 )   As a common mental disorder, panic disorder (PD) repeats unpredictably and negatively, influencing social function and life quality of patients. With the increasingly fierce social environment, the incidence of PD has been increasing yearyear which accounts for an increasing proportion of the global burden of disease. In recent years, research on the relationship between childhood trauma and PD has been increasing, which included the impact of multiple aspects of physical or emotional abuse, physical or emotional neglect, sexual abuse, and family dysfunction on PD. And as a predictor of PD, separation anxiety in childhood is closely related to PD. This paper reviews the research progress of childhood physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual aband separation parents of PD patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advanced research of kynurenine pathway mechanism in suicide of major depressive disorder ZHAO Dong-mei1, 2*, DING Lei1*, LIU Hong-ye1, 3, PENG Dai-hui1 2019, 39 (7):  805.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.07.021 Abstract ( 1268 )   PDF (6501KB) ( 523 )   Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the world′s major chronic and disabling mental diseases.2030, MDD is expected to be the top of all the disease burden in the world, with high prevalence, high recurrence rate, high disability rate, and high suicide rate. Suicide is the most serious consequence of MDD. Current studies showed that inflammatory levels in the central nervous system and peripheral blood of patients with MDD were higher, and increased more significantly in depressive patients with suicidal ideation or behavior. Related researches showed that increased levels of inflammatory cytokines were associated with dysregulation of kynurenine metabolic pathway, leading to imbalances in neurometabolites, such as an excess of the neurotoxic product quinolinic acid and a decrease in the protective neuropeptide picolinic acid. This paper reviews kynurenine metabolic pathway, expecting to identify the biomarkers of MDD patients with suicide. Related Articles | Metrics