氧化应激在糖尿病膀胱功能障碍发生发展中作用的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2025.02.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

糖尿病是一种常见的内分泌代谢疾病，特别是在中国，其患病率持续攀升。糖尿病患者常伴随着一系列并发症，其中糖尿病膀胱功能障碍（diabetic bladder dysfunction，DBD）是常见但易被忽视的并发症之一，其严重影响患者的生活质量。尽管糖尿病相关并发症已被广泛研究，但DBD的发病机制仍不完全清楚。近期研究表明，氧化应激在DBD的发生发展中发挥关键作用。该综述首先介绍氧化应激与糖尿病并发症的关联，阐述高血糖条件下氧化应激的产生和影响机制。随后，重点探讨氧化应激与DBD的关联，糖尿病引起的氧化应激可导致尿路上皮功能障碍、逼尿肌收缩力下降和神经元退行性变，进而影响膀胱功能。近年来，已有利用抗氧化治疗改善DBD的相关动物研究，并观察到良好的效果。此外，该文还介绍了抗氧化纳米材料在治疗糖尿病并发症中的应用现状，及其在治疗DBD中的应用前景。该文旨在为DBD抗氧化治疗的临床研究及未来研究方向提供一定理论支持。

关键词: 糖尿病膀胱功能障碍, 氧化应激, 抗氧化治疗

Abstract:

Diabetes is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder, with its prevalence steadily increasing, particularly in China. It is often associated with a range of complications, among which diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) is prevalent but frequently overlooked, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. Although much is known about diabetes-related complications, the pathogenesis of DBD remains unclear. Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of oxidative stress in the development and progression of DBD. This review first introduces the relationship between oxidative stress and diabetic complications, detailing how oxidative stress is generated and its underlying mechanisms under hyperglycemic conditions. It then focuses on the link between oxidative stress and DBD, explaining how oxidative stress induced by diabetes leads to urothelial dysfunction, reduced detrusor muscle contractility, and neuronal degeneration, ultimately impairing bladder function. Recent animal studies have demonstrated promising results of antioxidant treatments in ameliorating DBD. Additionally, this review discusses the advances in antioxidant nanomaterials for the treatment of diabetic complications and their potential applications in DBD therapy. Based on these findings, the review aims to provide theoretical support for clinical research and guide future directions in antioxidant-based therapies for DBD.

Key words: diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD), oxidative stress, antioxidant therapy

中图分类号:

R694

王黎阳, 薛蔚. 氧化应激在糖尿病膀胱功能障碍发生发展中作用的研究进展[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2025, 45(2): 241-246.

WANG Liyang, XUE Wei. Research progress on the role of oxidative stress in the development of diabetic bladder dysfunction[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2025, 45(2): 241-246.

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