国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目立项的影响因素分析——以上海交通大学医学院为例

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2024.09.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的·基于医学领域国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目资助率低的现状，对项目申请人展开深入调查，定量分析项目立项的影响因素，为进一步提升项目申报质量、加强青年医学人才培养提供数据参考和决策依据。方法·采用横断面调查法，选取上海交通大学医学院各二级学院及13所附属医院在2020—2022年有国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目申报经历的申请人进行问卷调查，以项目申请结果为因变量，以申请人基本情况和申报情况等为自变量，通过Logistic逐步回归模型建模与分析。结果·对921名项目申请者的分析结果显示，学历（OR=1.86，95%CI 1.14~3.04）、毕业院校（OR=2.45，95%CI 1.47~4.08）、有较为充分的前期工作基础（OR=4.22，95%CI 2.44~7.29）、代表作平均影响因子（OR=1.10，95%CI 1.04~1.17）、申请书自评总分（OR=1.06，95%CI 1.04~1.08）是项目立项的主要影响因素。且项目获批者代表作平均影响因子和最高影响因子呈逐年递增的趋势。此外，青年医师和专职科研人员项目获批的影响因素不同，青年医师的毕业时间越长，获批率越低。结论·青年科学基金项目资助率低下，对科研成果的要求逐年提升，应注重前期积累，提高申请书撰写质量，并进一步采取措施，加强青年医学人才早期培养，完善分类培养举措，着力夯实研究基础。

关键词: 青年医学人才, 国家自然科学基金, 青年科学基金, 影响因素

Abstract:

Objective ·In view of the low funding rate of the Young Scientists Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China in the medical field, this research conducted an in-depth investigation of the applicants in a medical school and quantitatively analyzed the influencing factors of project establishment, so as to provide reference for further improving the quality of project application and strengthening the training of young medical talents. Methods ·A cross-sectional survey was used to select applicants from secondary schools of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and its 13 affiliated hospitals who had experience in applying for the fund from 2020 to 2022. Logistic stepwise regression model was applied to modeling and analysis by using the project application result as the dependent variable and the applicants' basic information and application status as independent variables. Results ·The analysis results of 921 applicants showed that educational background (OR=1.86, 95%CI 1.14?3.04), graduate university (OR=2.45, 95%CI 1.47?4.08), sufficient preliminary work foundation (OR=4.22, 95%CI 2.44?7.29), average impact factor of representative works (OR=1.10, 95%CI 1.04?1.17), and total self-evaluation score of application documents (OR=1.06, 95%CI 1.04?1.08) were the main influencing factors for project approval. The average impact factor and the highest impact factor of the approved representative works showed an increasing trend year by year. In addition, the influencing factors for the approval of young doctors and full-time researchers were different. The longer the graduation time of young doctors, the lower the approval rate. Conclusion ·The funding rate of Young Scientists Fund is low, and the requirements for scientific research achievements are increasing year by year. Attention should be paid to early accumulation and improving the quality of application writing. Further measures should be taken to strengthen the early training of young medical talents, improve cultivation measures and consolidate research foundations.

Key words: young medical talent, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Young Scientists Fund, influence factor

中图分类号:

R197.322

陈丽红, 王妍, 周翔天, 郑俊克, 闫小响. 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目立项的影响因素分析——以上海交通大学医学院为例[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2024, 44(9): 1205-1212.

CHEN Lihong, WANG Yan, ZHOU Xiangtian, ZHENG Junke, YAN Xiaoxiang. Influencing factors of the approval of the Young Scientists Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China: a case study of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2024, 44(9): 1205-1212.

图/表 4

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Variable	Approved group (n=582)	Unapproved group (n=339)	χ²/Z value	P value
Gender/n(%)			2.69	0.101
Male	213 (36.60)	106 (31.27)
Female	369 (63.40)	233 (68.73)
Age/year	31.00 (29.00, 33.00)	32.00 (30.00, 34.00)	170 944	0.000
Educational background/n(%)			125.09	0.000
Bachelor	0 (0)	4 (1.18)
Master	65 (11.17)	142 (41.89)
Doctor	517 (88.83)	193 (56.93)
Graduate university/n(%)			20.50	0.000
985 project university	470 (80.76)	237 (69.91)
Non-985 project university	76 (13.06)	84 (24.78)
Overseas university	36 (6.19)	18 (5.31)
Years of graduation/year	1.00 (0, 3.00)	2.00 (1.00, 6.00)	182 530	0.000
Postdoctoral experience/n(%)	178 (30.58)	50 (14.75)	28.84	0.000
Institution/n(%)			2.22	0.136
Affiliated hospital	534 (91.75)	320 (94.40)
College	48 (8.25)	19 (5.60)
Title of a professional post/n(%)			12.74	0.002
Junior and below	381 (65.46)	183 (53.98)
Intermediate	180 (30.93)	144 (42.48)
Senior	21 (3.61)	12 (3.54)
Job category/n(%)			35.13	0.000
Doctor	361 (62.03)	209 (61.65)
Full-time scientific researcher	172 (29.55)	61 (17.99)
Others	49 (8.42)	69 (20.35)
Number of applications/n(%)			29.29	0.000
1 time	319 (54.81)	138 (40.83)
2 times	123 (21.13)	116 (34.32)
3 times	98 (16.84)	52 (15.38)
4 or more times	42 (7.22)	33 (9.73)
Application department/n(%)			4.12	0.127
Department of Health Sciences	504 (86.60)	296 (87.32)
Department of Life Sciences	44 (7.56)	16 (4.72)
Other departments	34 (5.84)	27 (7.96)
Attributes of scientific questions/n(%)			1.87	0.599
Exploration and highlight originality	63 (10.82)	37 (10.91)
Cutting-edge area with the development of new methodology	315 (54.12)	171 (50.44)
Demand-driven bottleneck	174 (29.90)	116 (34.22)
Universal orientation and transdisciplinary convergence	30 (5.15)	15 (4.42)
Consistency of the application with the doctoral research/n(%)	430 (73.88)	143 (42.18)	72.75	0.000
Consistency between the application and supporting laboratory/n(%)	521 (89.52)	244 (71.98)	42.68	0.000
Medical-engineering science cross research/n(%)	79 (13.57)	42 (12.39)	0.21	0.646
Having participated in national projects such as the National Natural Science Foundation of China/n(%)	485 (83.33)	216 (63.72)	43.95	0.000
Other approved scientific research or talent projects before applying for Young Scientists Fund/n(%)	289 (49.66)	136 (40.12)	6.99	0.008
Previous experience in writing National Natural Science Foundation of China/n(%)	326 (56.01)	178 (52.51)	0.65	0.421
Sufficient foundation of previous work/n(%)	551 (94.67)	204 (60.18)	168.27	0.000
Number of representative papers	2.00 (1.00, 3.00)	2.00 (1.00, 3.00)	142 365	0.000
Average impact factor of representative papers	6.15 (4.28, 9.53)	3.88 (2.06, 5.90)	89 105	0.000
Highest impact factor of representative papers	10.20 (6.60, 15.90)	6.00 (4.00, 10.20)	108 042	0.000
Total self-evaluated score of the application/score	86.00 (81.00, 90.00)	75.00 (65.00, 81.00)	82 262	0.000

Variable	Approved group (n=582)	Unapproved group (n=339)	χ²/Z value	P value
Gender/n(%)			2.69	0.101
Male	213 (36.60)	106 (31.27)
Female	369 (63.40)	233 (68.73)
Age/year	31.00 (29.00, 33.00)	32.00 (30.00, 34.00)	170 944	0.000
Educational background/n(%)			125.09	0.000
Bachelor	0 (0)	4 (1.18)
Master	65 (11.17)	142 (41.89)
Doctor	517 (88.83)	193 (56.93)
Graduate university/n(%)			20.50	0.000
985 project university	470 (80.76)	237 (69.91)
Non-985 project university	76 (13.06)	84 (24.78)
Overseas university	36 (6.19)	18 (5.31)
Years of graduation/year	1.00 (0, 3.00)	2.00 (1.00, 6.00)	182 530	0.000
Postdoctoral experience/n(%)	178 (30.58)	50 (14.75)	28.84	0.000
Institution/n(%)			2.22	0.136
Affiliated hospital	534 (91.75)	320 (94.40)
College	48 (8.25)	19 (5.60)
Title of a professional post/n(%)			12.74	0.002
Junior and below	381 (65.46)	183 (53.98)
Intermediate	180 (30.93)	144 (42.48)
Senior	21 (3.61)	12 (3.54)
Job category/n(%)			35.13	0.000
Doctor	361 (62.03)	209 (61.65)
Full-time scientific researcher	172 (29.55)	61 (17.99)
Others	49 (8.42)	69 (20.35)
Number of applications/n(%)			29.29	0.000
1 time	319 (54.81)	138 (40.83)
2 times	123 (21.13)	116 (34.32)
3 times	98 (16.84)	52 (15.38)
4 or more times	42 (7.22)	33 (9.73)
Application department/n(%)			4.12	0.127
Department of Health Sciences	504 (86.60)	296 (87.32)
Department of Life Sciences	44 (7.56)	16 (4.72)
Other departments	34 (5.84)	27 (7.96)
Attributes of scientific questions/n(%)			1.87	0.599
Exploration and highlight originality	63 (10.82)	37 (10.91)
Cutting-edge area with the development of new methodology	315 (54.12)	171 (50.44)
Demand-driven bottleneck	174 (29.90)	116 (34.22)
Universal orientation and transdisciplinary convergence	30 (5.15)	15 (4.42)
Consistency of the application with the doctoral research/n(%)	430 (73.88)	143 (42.18)	72.75	0.000
Consistency between the application and supporting laboratory/n(%)	521 (89.52)	244 (71.98)	42.68	0.000
Medical-engineering science cross research/n(%)	79 (13.57)	42 (12.39)	0.21	0.646
Having participated in national projects such as the National Natural Science Foundation of China/n(%)	485 (83.33)	216 (63.72)	43.95	0.000
Other approved scientific research or talent projects before applying for Young Scientists Fund/n(%)	289 (49.66)	136 (40.12)	6.99	0.008
Previous experience in writing National Natural Science Foundation of China/n(%)	326 (56.01)	178 (52.51)	0.65	0.421
Sufficient foundation of previous work/n(%)	551 (94.67)	204 (60.18)	168.27	0.000
Number of representative papers	2.00 (1.00, 3.00)	2.00 (1.00, 3.00)	142 365	0.000
Average impact factor of representative papers	6.15 (4.28, 9.53)	3.88 (2.06, 5.90)	89 105	0.000
Highest impact factor of representative papers	10.20 (6.60, 15.90)	6.00 (4.00, 10.20)	108 042	0.000
Total self-evaluated score of the application/score	86.00 (81.00, 90.00)	75.00 (65.00, 81.00)	82 262	0.000

Variable	Assignment of value
Educational background	Bachelor=1, master=2, doctor=3
Graduate university	985 project university=1, non-985 project university=2, overseas university=3
Postdoctoral experience	Yes=1, No=0
Title of a professional post	Junior and below=1, intermediate=2, senior=3
Job category	Doctor=1, full-time scientific researcher=2, others=3
Number of applications	1 time=1, 2 times=2, 3 times=3, 4 or more times=4
Consistency of the application with the doctoral research	Yes=1, no=0
Consistency between the application and supporting laboratory	Yes=1, no=0
Medical-engineering science cross research	Yes=1, no=0
Having participated in national projects such as the National Natural Science Foundation of China	Yes=1, no=0
Other approved scientific research or talent projects before applying for Young Scientists Fund	Yes=1, no=0
Sufficient foundation of previous work	Yes=1, no=0

Variable	Assignment of value
Educational background	Bachelor=1, master=2, doctor=3
Graduate university	985 project university=1, non-985 project university=2, overseas university=3
Postdoctoral experience	Yes=1, No=0
Title of a professional post	Junior and below=1, intermediate=2, senior=3
Job category	Doctor=1, full-time scientific researcher=2, others=3
Number of applications	1 time=1, 2 times=2, 3 times=3, 4 or more times=4
Consistency of the application with the doctoral research	Yes=1, no=0
Consistency between the application and supporting laboratory	Yes=1, no=0
Medical-engineering science cross research	Yes=1, no=0
Having participated in national projects such as the National Natural Science Foundation of China	Yes=1, no=0
Other approved scientific research or talent projects before applying for Young Scientists Fund	Yes=1, no=0
Sufficient foundation of previous work	Yes=1, no=0

Variable	Total number of surveyed applicants (n=921)		Doctor (n=570)		Full-time scientific researcher (n=233)
Variable	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Educational background	1.86 (1.14‒3.04)	0.014
Graduate university (985 project university vs non-985 project university)	2.45 (1.47‒4.08)	0.021
Years of graduation			0.89 (0.81‒0.97)	0.008
Having participated in national projects such as the National Natural Science Foundation of China			2.03 (1.11‒3.71)	0.022
Sufficient foundation of previous work	4.22 (2.44‒7.29)	0.000	5.28 (2.56‒10.87)	0.000	3.28 (1.05‒10.22)	0.041
Average impact factor of representative papers	1.10 (1.04‒1.17)	0.002	1.20 (1.10‒1.31)	0.000	1.04 (1.00‒1.08)	0.037
Total self-evaluated score of the application	1.06 (1.04‒1.08)	0.000	1.06 (1.03‒1.08)	0.000	1.09 (1.04‒1.14)	0.000