上海交通大学学报（医学版）

上海交通大学学报(医学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 1366-1370.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2021.10.015

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

经颅直流电刺激应用于儿童少年精神障碍治疗的研究进展

钱诺诗1(), 洪武1, 李春波2,3()   

  1. 1.上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心精神科，上海 200030
    2.上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心，上海市重性精神病重点实验室，上海 200030
    3.上海交通大学心理与行为科学研究院，上海 200030
  • 出版日期:2021-10-28 发布日期:2021-08-13
  • 通讯作者: 李春波 E-mail:rose123@sjtu.edu.cn;licb@smhc.org.cn
  • 作者简介:钱诺诗（1995—），女，硕士生；电子信箱：rose123@sjtu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0906300);国家自然科学基金(81701344);上海市卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题项目(201740115);上海市精神卫生中心临床研究中心重点项目(CRC2017ZD01);上海领军人才项目(2020-041)

Progress of transcranial direct current stimulation in the treatment of children and adolescents psychiatric disorders

Nuo-shi QIAN1(), Wu HONG1, Chun-bo LI2,3()   

  1. 1.Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
    2.Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
    3.Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
  • Online:2021-10-28 Published:2021-08-13
  • Contact: Chun-bo LI E-mail:rose123@sjtu.edu.cn;licb@smhc.org.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFC0906300);National Natural Science Foundation of China(81701344);Scientific Research Project Plan of Shanghai Municipal Commision of Health and Family Planning(201740115);Key Program of Clinical Research Center of Shanghai Mental Health Center(CRC2017ZD01);Shanghai Leading Talent Project(2020-041)

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摘要：

经颅直流电刺激（transcranial direct current stimulation，tDCS）是一项非侵入性大脑刺激技术。它可通过影响大脑电活动如神经兴奋性和突触可塑性来治疗精神疾病。目前关于tDCS应用研究的范围非常广，在成人抑郁症、双相抑郁、精神分裂症等精神疾病的治疗中显示有效。既往研究证据表明儿童少年对tDCS有一定耐受性，但目前探索tDCS技术治疗儿童少年精神障碍的随机对照临床研究较少，多为小样本开放性试验，无法得出有效结论。该文综述了tDCS应用于儿童少年精神分裂症、注意缺陷多动障碍、孤独症谱系障碍、阅读障碍的研究进展，详细介绍各研究中tDCS的参数设置、疗效、不良反应及其局限性，比较其治疗周期、时间、电流强度、靶点设置以及疗效的不同，为今后儿童少年精神障碍群体临床神经调控治疗技术的临床应用及发展提供参考。

关键词: 经颅直流电刺激, 儿童, 少年, 精神障碍, 精神分裂症, 注意缺陷多动障碍, 孤独症谱系障碍, 阅读障碍

Abstract:

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique. It can modulate brain current activities and treat psychiatric disorder through affecting neural excitability and synaptic plasticity. At present, there are substantial application researches of tDCS, and it is effective on the treatment of adult depressive disorder, bipolar depressive disorder, schizophrenia and other mental diseases. Preliminary researches have showed that children and adolescents have certain tolerance to tDCS, however, there are only few randomized controlled clinical studies about tDCS applying to the children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders, and reliable conclusions couldn't be drawn due to limitations of small sample size and open label trials. This paper reviews the utilization of tDCS among children and adolescents with schizophrenia, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder and dyslexia. Details including parameters, efficacy, side effects and limitations are discussed, and different sessions, duration, current, intensity, stimulation sites and effect are compared. Information discussed may provide reference for development of neuromodulation techniques and clinical applications of tDCS to the treatment of children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders.

Key words: transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), child, adolescent, psychiatric disorder, schizophrenia, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, dyslexia

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