白细胞介素调控网络在炎症性肠病中的作用机制综述

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2026.06.013

上海交通大学学报（医学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 801-809.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2026.06.013

• 综述 • 上一篇

白细胞介素调控网络在炎症性肠病中的作用机制综述

李梦如¹, 王海强²()

^1.黑龙江中医药大学第一临床医学院，哈尔滨 150040
^2.黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院消化二科，哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2025-07-16 接受日期:2026-04-21 出版日期:2026-06-28 发布日期:2026-06-29
通讯作者: 王海强，主任医师，硕士；电子信箱：haiqiang915@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金培育支持计划项目(PYMS202501016);国家中医药管理局第五批全国中医临床优秀人才研修项目(国中医药人教函〔2022〕1号)

Review of mechanism of interleukin regulatory network in inflammatory bowel disease

Li Mengru¹, Wang Haiqiang²()

^1.First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
^2.Department of Gastroenterology II, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China

Received:2025-07-16 Accepted:2026-04-21 Online:2026-06-28 Published:2026-06-29
Contact: Wang Haiqiang, E-mail: haiqiang915@163.com.
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China Cultivation and Support Programme(PYMS202501016);Fifth Batch of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine's Training Programme for Outstanding Clinical TCM Talents (Guo Zhong Yi Yao Ren Jiao Han [2022] No. 1)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

炎症性肠病（inflammatory bowel disease，IBD）包括溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerative colitis，UC）和克罗恩病（Crohn's disease，CD），是一类可引发慢性、复发性胃肠道炎症的异质性疾病。IBD的病理生理机制较为复杂，涉及诸多因素，包括遗传学、环境暴露、肠道菌群失调和免疫应答异常等，其中免疫稳态失衡是其核心病理环节。有研究表明，细胞因子网络的异常调控在IBD发生发展中起到关键作用，其中白细胞介素（interleukin，IL）作为一类重要的信号分子在IBD的发病机制研究和临床治疗中受到了广泛关注；同时，研究还发现针对IL的靶向治疗已展现出显著疗效。该文系统阐述了IL与IBD的关联性，深入解析IL在IBD发病过程中的作用机制，讨论了促炎IL（如IL-6、IL-17、IL-23）与抗炎IL-10的失衡以及其对应信号通路的调控，并总结了基于IL靶点的治疗策略，包括生物制剂和新型疗法的临床验证，旨在为IBD的临床治疗提供新的策略。

关键词: 白细胞介素, 炎症性肠病, 免疫调控, 靶向治疗

Abstract:

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by chronic and recurrent gastrointestinal inflammation. The pathophysiological mechanisms of IBD are complex, involving numerous factors, including genetics, environmental exposure, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, and abnormal immune responses, with the disruption of immune homeostasis being a central pathological component. Studies have shown that abnormal regulation of cytokine networks plays a key role in the onset and progression of IBD. Among these, interleukins (ILs), as a class of important signaling molecules, have attracted widespread attention in the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of IBD, and targeted therapies against ILs have demonstrated significant efficacy. This article systematically elucidates the association between ILs and IBD, provides an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms by which ILs function in the pathogenesis of IBD, and discusses the imbalance between pro-inflammatory ILs (such as IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23) and the anti-inflammatory IL-10, as well as the regulation of their corresponding signaling pathways. It also summarizes IL-targeted therapeutic strategies, including the clinical validation of biologics and novel therapies, with the aim of providing new tactics for the clinical management of IBD.

Key words: interleukin, inflammatory bowel disease, immune regulation, targeted therapy

中图分类号:

R574.62

李梦如, 王海强. 白细胞介素调控网络在炎症性肠病中的作用机制综述[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2026, 46(6): 801-809.

Li Mengru, Wang Haiqiang. Review of mechanism of interleukin regulatory network in inflammatory bowel disease[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2026, 46(6): 801-809.

图/表 2

图1 IL-6信号转导的3类通路Note： RAS-GTP—Rat sarcoma guanosine triphosphate; Raf—rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma; MEK—mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase; ERK—extracellular signal-regulated kinase; PDK1—3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1.

Fig 1 Three pathways of IL-6 signal transduction

图2 IL-17家族及其受体家族的结构示意图Note： Different IL-17 receptor subunits assemble into distinct receptor complexes. However, a small degree of indeterminacy, indicated by question marks in the diagram, represents uncertainty.

Fig 2 Schematic diagram of IL-17 family and its receptor family

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白细胞介素调控网络在炎症性肠病中的作用机制综述

Review of mechanism of interleukin regulatory network in inflammatory bowel disease

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