Abstract:

Objective To investigate the relationship between plasma glucose levels in oral glucose-tolerance test (OGTT) and macrosomia in women with abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy. Methods The clinical data of 125 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 21 women with gestational impaired glucose tolerance (GIGT) during pregnancy were retrospectively analysed. Macrosomia group (n=36) and nonmacrosomia group (n=110) were divided according to the delivery outcomes. T-test, chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were employed to analyse the relationship between plasma glucose levels in OGTT and macrosomia in women with abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy. Results ①There were significant differences in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 1 h plasma glucose in OGTT between two groups (P＜0.05), while there was no significant difference in 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT) value, 2 h plasma glucose in OGTT and 3 h plasma glucose in OGTT between two groups (P＞0.05). ②Pregnant women with FPG＜5.3 mmol/L and odd ratios (OR) ＜1 had a lower risk for macrosomia, while those with FPG ≥5.3 mmol/L and OR ＞1 had a higher risk for macrosomia. ③OR increased with weight gain during pregnancy, and the risk for macrosomia increased with the weight gain. Pregnant women with FPG＞5.1 mmol/L and weight gain＞16-18 kg had a significant higher risk for macrosomia. Conclusion For women with abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy, high level of FPG is a major risk factor for macrosomia. Poor blood glucose control in pregnancy may lead to macrosomia and related complications.

Key words: oral glucose-tolerance test, gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational impaired glucose tolerance, macrosomia