Optimization and evaluation of mouse model construction method for severe periodontitis

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2025.01.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective ·To investigate an optimal severe periodontitis mouse model by comparing two induction methods: simple ligature and ligature combined with injection of Porphyromonasgingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P.g. LPS). Methods ·Fifteen C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups: a healthy control group, a simple ligature-induced periodontitis group, and a ligature combined with P.g. LPS injection-induced periodontitis group. After 14 d, the following evaluations were conducted: tooth mobility and probing depth under a stereomicroscope; alveolar bone resorption [bone volume fraction, bone mineral density, the distance from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar bone crest (ABC), and the area between CEJ and ABC] analyzed via micro computed tomography (Micro-CT) and stereomicroscopic examination. The serum levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results ·Compared with the simple ligature group, mice in the ligature with P.g. LPS injection group exhibited significantly increased tooth mobility [(2.20±0.45) vs (1.40±0.55)] and probing depth [(1.05±0.21) mm vs (0.58±0.39) mm], with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The ligature with P.g. LPS injection group also demonstrated significantly reduced bone volume fraction [(16.44%±3.35%) vs (28.97%±7.90%)] and bone mineral density [(0.42±0.04) g/cm³vs (0.55±0.08) g/cm³], as well as increased distance from CEJ to ABC [(0.88±0.03) mm vs (0.74±0.12) mm] and area between CEJ and ABC [(0.34±0.01) mm²vs (0.30±0.02) mm²], all with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Additionally, serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly elevated in the ligature with P.g. LPS injection group compared to the simple ligature group (both P<0.05). Conclusion ·The method of ligature combined with continuous P.g. LPS injection is more effective for constructing a severe periodontitis mouse model, making it suitable for studying the progression and treatment of severe periodontitis.

Key words: animal model, periodontitis, mouse, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

CLC Number:

R781.4

WANG Jiaxuan, ZHANG Qianqian, SUI Baiyan, LIU Xin. Optimization and evaluation of mouse model construction method for severe periodontitis[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2025, 45(1): 79-86.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig 1 Clinical manifestations of the left maxilla in mice

Fig 2 Dynamic changes in tooth mobility and probing depth in the left maxilla of mice

Fig 3 Micro-CT images of the left maxilla in mice

Fig 4 Microscopic images of the left maxilla in mice

Fig 5 H-E staining results of gingival tissue at the second molar in the left maxilla of mice

Fig 6 Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in mice

Fig 7 Hematological examination results in mice

TrendMD

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