Abstract:

Objective To study the effect of self-efficacy on the control of disease situation and behavior change in diabetic high risk population. Methods A sample of 145 impaired glucose regulation (IGR) patients was taken from a community in Shanghai and randomly assigned to intervention group or control group. The patients in the intervention group received intervention based on self-efficacy theory for 6 months under the community doctors′ guidance. All patients received questionnaire survey, physical examination, and blood glucose and lipid test before and after intervention. Results The baseline scores of self-efficacy were 27.52±6.45 and 27.16±7.63 in intervention group and control group, respectively. After intervention, the score of self-efficacy in intervention group (30.34±4.38) was significantly higher than that in control group (27.53±7.64)（P<0.05）. Fasting plasma glucose（FPG） and postprandial 2 hours glucose (PG2H) decreased in the intervention group after intervention compared with baseline. There was significant difference of FPG level between the two groups （P<0.05）after intervention. PG2H was decreased in intervention group compared to control group among IGT patients (P<0.05). Exercise frequency had no obvious change before and after intervention in the intervention group, but the proportion of the exercise time more than 30 min was increased after intervention (70.5%) compared to before intervention (57.9%)(P<0.05). Six months later, patients in intervention group had higher scores of diabetic knowledge and status than those of control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Changes in the level of self-efficacy has certain effect on control of glucose level and exercise behavior in diabetic high risk population.

Key words: self-efficacy, diabetes, high risk population, intervention