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    Original article (Basic research)
    Expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer in morphogenesis of tooth germs in mouse molars
    XIE Ming, JIAO Ting, CHEN Yu-qin, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1183. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.001

    Abstract ( 1921 )   PDF (8993KB) ( 1264 )  

    Objective To explore expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) in different stages of tooth germ development of mouse low first molar, and speculate the possible biological function of EMMPRIN. Methods Mice at different gestational ages (E11, E13, E14, E15, E16, and E18) and postnatal 1 d (P1) were selected. Expressions of EMMPRIN mRNA of the mandible (E11 and E13) and tooth germ (E14, E15, E16, E18, and P1) in different stages in mouse tooth germ development were measured by using quantitative real-time PCR. Localization of EMMPRIN mRNA and protein expression in the developing tooth germ and other cranio-facial organs at different stages were observed by using in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence. Results In mandible samples, EMMPRIN mRNA expression of E13 fetal mouse was about 1.6 times than that of E11 fetal mouse (P<0.01). In tooth germ, EMMPRIN mRNA expression of P1 mouse was about 2 times than that of E14 fetal mouse (P<0.01). EMMPRIN mRNA level in tooth germ seemed to increase gradually during tooth germ development. Under in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence, in E14 fetal mouse tooth germ, localization of EMMPRIN mRNA and protein expression were consistent. But in E15, E16, and E18 fetal mouse tooth germ, localization of EMMPRIN mRNA and protein expression were different. In corresponding stages, EMMPRIN protein expression showed strong fluorescence in mandible Meckel cartilage (E14), retina (E15), brain blood-brain barrier (E15), and jaw bone ossification center (E16). Conclusion EMMPRIN is expressed throughout the different early stages of tooth germ development, but the expression pattern of EMMPRIN mRNA do not coincide with that of EMMPRIN protein completely at the cap stage and the bell stage of tooth germ development. EMMPRIN may act through possible exocrine/paracrine mechanism in regulating the epithelial mesenchymal interaction, which consequently contributes to the development and further morphogenesis of tooth germ.

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    Construction of lentiviral vector carrying BMP-7 gene and its expression in hepatic stellate cells in rats
    CHEN Li-li, GUO Can-jie, CHEN Yuan-wen, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1189. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.002

    Abstract ( 2259 )   PDF (8177KB) ( 1265 )  

    Objective To construct lentiviral vector carrying BMP-7 gene and maintain its high expression in hepatic stellate cell line (HSC-T6) in rats, and to lay the foundation for further research of BMP-7 anti-liver fibrosis. Methods The BMP-7 was extracted and amplified by PCR and constructed into Lenti-copGFP/puro-BMP7. The 293TN cells were contransfected with the recombinant lentiviral vector together with lentivirus package plasmid to produce lentiviral particles. H1299 cells were infected with Lv-BMP7. Virus titer was measured according to the expression level of GFP expressed in H1299 cells. The HSC-T6 cells were divided into blank group, empty vector control group, and experimental group. The mRNA expression of BMP-7 in HSC-T6 was detected with Real-Time PCR. The protein expression of BMP-7 was observed with Western blotting method. Results The recombinant pLV-BMP-7 vector was confirmed by restriction endonuclease analysis and DNA sequencing. H1299 cells were observed in green fluorescence, and virus titer reached to 1×104 ifμ/μL. In infected HSC-T6 cells the high expressions of BMP-7 mRNA and protein were confirmed. The difference between the experimental group and the blank group was significant (P<0.01). There was no significant difference between the empty vector control group and the blank group (P>0.05). Conclusion Lentiviral vector carrying BMP-7 gene has been successfully constructed and maintains high expression in HSC-T6 cells.

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    Analysis of microRNA expression profile in cardiac muscle tissues of diabetic mice
    DIAO Xue-hong, SHEN E, HU Bing, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1194. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.003

    Abstract ( 2588 )   PDF (6068KB) ( 1653 )  

    Objective To observe expression of microRNA (miRNA) in cardiac muscle tissues of advanced diabetic mice and to make an initial prediction of target gene regulated by difference miRNA. Methods Fifteen C57 mice were given single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) to establish diabetic models (model group). Another 10 normal mice were as control group. At the end of 8 weeks after injection, left ventricular functions, including ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), and left ventricular weight index (LVWI), were detected by using echocardiography. The mice were sacrificed for making cardiac muscle tissue samples. Then, cell morphology was observed by HE staining under optical microscope, and change of cell size was analyzed by quantitative software. Differential expressions of miRNA were performed with microarray analysis and further confirmed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. The target gene regulated by difference miRNA was analyzed with bioinformatics. Results At the end of 8 weeks after injection, EF and FS in model group were significantly lower than those of control group, but LVWI significantly higher (P<0.05). Under histological observation, cardiac hypertrophy showed obviously in model group. There were 16 microRNAs differential expressions detected by microarray analysis in model group, including 10 up-regulated (miR-195, miR-199a-3p, miR-700, miR-142-3p, miR-24, miR-21, miRNA-221, miR-499-3p, miR-208a, and miR-705) and 6 down-regulated (miR-29a, miR-1, miR-373, miR-143, miR-20a, and miR-220b). The bioinformatics analysis indicated that the target gene regulated by miRNA involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, glycometabolism, and angiogenesis. Conclusion MiRNA expression profile in cardiac muscle tissues of STZ induced advanced diabetic mice has significantly changes, which may contribute toward the process of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

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    Effects of EGCG on proliferation and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 under hypoxia
    YAO Jing-jing, WANG Qi, QI Xiao-guang, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1199. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.004

    Abstract ( 2172 )   PDF (5694KB) ( 1714 )  

    Objective To explore effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on proliferation and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 under hypoxia and its mechanism. Methods The SGC7901 cells were subcultured. Hypoxic model was established by Cobalt Chloride (CoCl2). SGC7901 cells were divided into different groups: control group, hypoxia control group, and hypoxia combined with different concentrations of EGCG groups. The proliferation of SGC7901 cells in different groups was determined by MTT and the apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Besides, RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expressions of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) in the cells.ResultsLower concentrations of EGCG had no obvious effects on the proliferation of SGC7901 cells in short time under hypoxia (P>0.05). But with higher dose or longer time, EGCG could further inhibit the proliferation of SGC7901 cells under hypoxia (P<0.01). And the inhibition rate reached (76.3±2.9)% after treatment with 100 μg/mL EGCG for 72 h. FCM results revealed that EGCG induced the apoptosis of SGC7901 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05 or P<0.01). EGCG could reduce obviously the protein levels of HIF-1α and VEGF-A induced by hypoxia (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and down-regulate the expression of VEGF-A mRNA (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but had no obvious effect on the transcription of HIF-1α (P>0.05). Conclusion EGCG inhibits the proliferation of SGC7901 cells and induces the apoptosis of these cells under hypoxia. These effects may have relationship with the down-regulation of HIF-1α and VEGF-A, which was induced by hypoxia.

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    Effects of deuterium-depleted Chinese liquor on glucose metabolism and islet cells and their function of diabetic rats
    ZHOU Zhen-yu, SHEN Cai-hong, LU Zhong-ming, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1204. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.005

    Abstract ( 2869 )   PDF (5633KB) ( 1825 )  

    Objective To investigate the effects of deuterium-depleted Chinese liquor on fasting blood glucose (FBG) and islet cells and their function of diabetic rats. Methods Wister rat diabetic models were established by streptozotocin (STZ) one-time intraperitoneal injection. The experimental rats were divided into following groups (n=10) according to the means of intervention: model group (intragastric administration of normal saline, fed with normal water), deuteriumdepleted water (DDW) group (intragastric administration of DDW, fed with DDW), normal Chinese liquor group\[intragastric administration of one unit (low) or six unit (high) Chinese liquor and distilled water, fed with normal water\], deuterium-depleted Chinese liquor group (intragastric administration of low or high dose of Chinese liquor and DDW, fed with DDW), and control group (without STZ injection, intragastric administration of normal water, fed with normal water). An oral daily administration of liquor solution was 0.01 mL/g (volume/body weight). At the end of 4 weeks of intervention, the blood was collected from the orbital vein followed by killing the rats with the method of cervical dislocation. Then, pancreatic tissues were removed to make samples. The FBG was measured by glucose oxidase, and the fasting insulin levels (FINS) were analyzed by radioimmunoassay. The pathology structure of pancreatic islets was observed by HE staining. Results FBG in every group followed the order: normal Chinese liquor (high) group>model group>normal Chinese (low) liquor group>deuterium-depleted Chinese liquor (high) group>DDW group>deuterium-depleted Chinese liquor (low) group. And FBG of DDW group and deuteriumdepleted Chinese liquor (low) group had significant difference to other groups (P<0.05). FINS of every group followed the order: deuterium-depleted Chinese liquor (low) group>deuterium-depleted Chinese liquor (high) group>normal Chinese liquor (low) group>DDW group>normal Chinese liquor (high) group>model group. And FINS of other groups had significant differences to model group (P<0.05)except for the normal Chinese liquor (high) group. The observation of histological examination revealed that compared to control group, in model group and normal Chinese liquor group, the cell amount of pancreatic islets decreased and coupled with volume increase, vacuolar cytoplast, and disorder. While in DDW and deuterium-depleted Chinese liquor groups, pancreatic islet cells had mild damage. Conclusion The deuterium-depleted Chinese liquor has significant effects in decreasing FBG of rats, increasing FINS, and reduces the islet cells damage caused by excessive drinking.

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    Effects of hypoxia culture on damage and apoptosis of RL95-2 cell line
    XU Bu-fang, SUN Xiao-xi, FENG Yun, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1208. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.006

    Abstract ( 2248 )   PDF (5867KB) ( 1466 )  

    Objective To investigate effects of hypoxia culture on mitochondria damage and apoptosis of human endometrial epithelial carcinoma cell line (RL95-2). Methods RL95-2 cells were cultured with medium containing different concentrations of CoCl2 (0, 10, 30, 62.5, and 125 μmol/L). Cell proliferation activity, mitochondria membrane potential, and apoptosis rate were determined via CCK-8 kit, JC-1 fluorescence staining with flow cytometry, and Annex V/PI. Results With CoCl2 concentration rising or extension of action time (62.5 μmol/L), the proliferation activity of RL95-2 cells was weak, while the depolarization of mitochondria membrane and the apoptosis rate were increased. Conclusion The condition of hypoxia induces decrease of proliferation activity, mitochondria damage, increase of apoptosis of endometrial epithelial cells.

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    Original article (Clinical research)
    Cross-sectional survey on serum 25(OH)D3 level in maintained hemodialysis patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease
    QIAN Ying, CHEN Xiao-nong, REN Hong, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1213. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.007

    Abstract ( 2489 )   PDF (4002KB) ( 1349 )  

    Objective To investigate the condition of lack and inadequacy of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D3] in maintained hemodialysis (HD) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to analyze relationship between 25(OH)D3 and parameters of mineral metabolism, nutrition, and dialysis adequacy indexes. Methods A total of 195 maintained HD patients with stage 5 CKD were selected. Among them, 22 patients who had recent HD in past 3-6 months did not get calcium and active vitamin D (VitD) supplement, but the other 173 patients with long-time HD, over 6 months, got calcium and/or VitD supplement. The fasting serum 25(OH)D3 levels of patients were measured by radioimmunoassay for evaluating VitD reservation. Patients with long-time HD stopped administration of calcium and/or VitD 2 weeks before experiment. The incidences of 25(OH)D3 inadequacy were recorded and compared. The relationships between 25(OH)D3 and parameters of mineral metabolism (serum calcium, serum phosphorus, serum alkaline phosphatase, and intact parathyroid hormone), nutrition (serum albumin), and dialysis adequacy (urea clearance index and serum creatinine) were analyzed by multivariable Logistic regression analysis. Results The mean level of 25(OH)D3 was (56.55±17.62) ng/mL of all 195 HD patients. The total incidence of 25(OH)D3 inadequacy was only 4.61% (9/195). The incidence of  25(OH)D3 inadequacy in recent HD patients (18.18%) was significantly higher than that of long-time HD patient (2.89%)(P<0.05). There was no patient with lack of 25(OH)D3. Multivariable regression analysis showed that there was positive correlation between 25(OH)D3 and serum calcium level (β=0.203,P=0.010). Conclusion This study indicates that incidence of 25(OH)D3 inadequacy is low in maintained HD patients with stage 5 CKD, which may be caused by long-time and regular calcium and/or VitD supplement.

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    Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in evaluating resectability of pancreatic carcinoma
    WU Chun-hua, LI Feng-hua, FANG Hua, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1217. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.008

    Abstract ( 2189 )   PDF (5624KB) ( 1582 )  

    Objective To observe situation of vessels invaded by pancreatic carcinoma by using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and to assess the resectability of pancreatic carcinoma. Methods Forty-five patients having complete CEUS data and diagnosed as pancreatic carcinoma by pathologic examination of surgery specimen were selected. The large peripanceatic vessels invasion situation observed by CEUS before operation was recorded and reviewed. According to classification standard in evaluating resectability of tumor (radical or palliative resection) and final surgery selection, positive and negative predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity of CEUS before operation evaluating the resectability of pancreatic carcinoma were analyzed. Results According to CEUS data before operation, 67 peripancreatic vessels of 45 patients were invaded, among which the invasion rates of celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, superior mesenteric vein, and hepatic artery were 31.1%, 22.7%, 22.2%, and 22.2%, respectively. Of all the 20 patients who were considered to be resectable according to the CEUS evaluation,17 underwent radical resection. The positive predictive value was 85.0% (17/20). Among the remaining 25 patients who were considered unresectable on the basis of CEUS findings, 20 underwent palliative resection. The negative predictive value was 80.0% (20/25). The sensitivity and specificity of tumor resectability prediction by CEUS were 77.3% and 86.9% respectively. Conclusion CEUS may provide definite value in investigating the peripancreatic vessels invasion, which has the reference value in evaluating resectability of pancreatic carcinoma.

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    Correlation between oxidative stress and helper T lymphocytes in patients with end-stage renal disease
    FANG Jun-yan, ZHANG Wei
    2010, 30 (10):  1221. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.009

    Abstract ( 2090 )   PDF (7121KB) ( 1580 )  

    Objective To investigate changes of helper T lymphocytes in peripheral blood and parameters of oxidative stress of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and to explore correlation between immune function and oxidative stress. Methods Forty ESRD patients were divided into hemodialysis group (HD group, n=20) and nonhemodialysis group (NHD group, n=20) based on receiving or not receiving hemodialysis. Twenty healthy volunteers over the same period served as normal control group (NC group). Vein blood samples of all patients and subjects were collected. T lymphocytes were counted and cell subsets were selected by using flow cytometry. Percentages of T lymphocyte (CD3+ T cell) and helper T lymphocyte (CD4+ T cell) in peripheral blood and ratio of CD4+ T to another T cell subset (CD8+ T cell) (CD4+/CD8+) were calculated. Rates of proliferation and apoptosis of CD4+ T cell were measured. ELISA was used to detect contents of cytokines, interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4), in cell culture medium. Parameters of oxidative stress, superoside dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA), were determined by xanthinoxidase method and thiobarbituric acid spectrophotometric method,respectively. The correlations between indexes were analyzed. Results Compared with NC group, percentages of CD3+ T cell and CD4+ T cell in peripheral blood and ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in HD and NHD groups decreased significantly, accompanying increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation of CD4+T cell, increased level of IL-4, decreased level of IFN-γ, decreased level of SOD, and increased level of MDA (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Percentages of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells, apoptosis rate of CD4+ T cell, contents of IL-4 and IFN-γ had significant differences between HD and NHD groups (P<0.05). The percentage of CD4+ T cell in ESRD patients was negatively correlated with the apoptosis (r=-0.87,P<0.01), and positively correlated with the proliferation (r=0.73,P<0.01). The rate of apoptosis of CD4+ T cell was positively correlated with the level of MDA (r=0.58, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with SOD (r=-0.51,P<0.01). The level of IL-4 was positively correlated with the level of MDA (r=0.47,P<0.01). Conclusion The ESRD patients, especially those not receiving hemodialysis, had reduction in helper T lymphocytes in peripheral blood and abnormal secretion of relative cytokines. The excessive apoptosis of CD4+T cell and Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance may be induced by oxidative stress, which aggravates immune functional defect.

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    Relationship between genotypes and mutations in S gene sequence of chronic hepatitis B patients with positive results for both HBsAg and HBsAb tests
    WANG Lei, LIU Hua, NING Xiao-xiao, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1226. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.010

    Abstract ( 2349 )   PDF (5218KB) ( 1627 )  

    Objective To analyze relationship between genotypes and mutations in S gene sequence of chronic hepatitis B patients with positive results for both HBsAg and HBsAb tests (HBsAg+/HBsAb+). Methods Specimens collected from 43 cases of chronic hepatitis B patients with HBsAg+/HBsAb+ were used as experimental group, and specimens collected from 35 cases of newly diagnosed chronic hepatitis B patients with HBsAg+/HBsAb- were used as control group. The S gene region of HBV DNA was amplified and sequenced. The amino acid sequences were classified to different genotypes and the mutations were analyzed based on the sequencing results. Results The experimental group contained 8 patients of the B genotype and 35 patients of the C genotype, whereas the control group contained 9 patients of the B genotype and 26 patients of the C genotype. In experimental group, the average age of the C genotype patients [(50.2±16.3) years] was obviously older than that of the B genotype patients [(34.4±13.4) years](P=0.015). The mutation rates for the B and C genotypes in the experimental group were 0.77% and 1.64%, respectively (P=0.005). Whereas the mutation rates were 0.59% and 0.49% for the B and C genotypes in control group (P=0.597). In addition, among the C genotype patients, the experimental group had a marked increase in S gene amino acid mutations, and a higher amino acid mutation rate was observed in the major hydrophobic region (MHR, aa100~169), especially in the first loop (aa124~137) of α determinant (aa124~147). However, only few patients with the B genotype had mutations in α determinant. Conclusion The C genotype patients with HBsAg+/HBsAb+ are likely to have more mutations than the B genotype patients, especially the mutations in α determinant. The mutations in this area may lead to changes of antigenicity and simultaneous HBsAg+/HBsAb+ finally.

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    Expression of osteopontin in oral mucosal epithelium in patients with oral leukoplakia
    SUN Wei, WEI Ben-juan, LU Qun, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1231. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.011

    Abstract ( 2011 )   PDF (5193KB) ( 1322 )  

    Objective To explore the expression of osteopontin (OPN) in oral mucosal epithelium of oral local lesion in patients with oral leukoplakia (OLK). Methods Twenty patients with pathologically-confirmed OLK were selected (OLK group), including 9, 8, and 3 patients of mild, modern, and sever epithelium dysplasia, respectively. Mucosal epithelium tissues of OLK local lesion were collected and examined for the expression of OPN by immunohistochemical method. Twenty non-OLK patients were served as normal controls, who received oral mucosal operation because of accident injury or cosmetic surgery. Results In oral mucosal tissues of control group, there was no or very little OPN positive expression observed in epithelial cytoplasm by immunohistochemical staining. In OLK patients with sever epithelium dysplasia, the numbers of OPN positive cells increased obviously and the positive cells spread the whole epithelial cell stratum. The positive expression rates of OPN were 77.8%, 100% and 100% in OLK patients with mild, modern, and severe epithelium dysplasia by semi-quantitative analysis, respectively. There was no significant difference of positive expression rates among the three different dysplasia (P>0.05). But all of them were significantly higher than that in control group (11.1%) (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of OPN significantly increased in mucosal epithelium of oral local lesion in patients with OLK, which indicates that OPN may be associated with the pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of OLK.

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    Application value of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography in assessment of left ventricular asynchrony in children with Kawasaki disease
    YU Yi, SUN Kun, CHEN Shu-bao, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1235. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.012

    Abstract ( 2273 )   PDF (4408KB) ( 1483 )  

    Objective To explore application value of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography in assessment of left ventricular asynchrony in children with Kawasaki disease (KD). Methods Sixty children with KD were analyzed retrospectively, and 40 healthy volunteers were enrolled as control group. The two-dimensional echocardiographic features and ejection fractions measured by Simpson's method of 60 cases were analyzed and compared with the global ejection fractions measured by three-dimensional echocardiography. The regional volume-time curves of 17 segments were acquired automatically by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography and compared to the control group. Results In 60 cases, the ejection fractions measured by Simpson's method correlated moderately with the global ejection fractions measured by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography; and the regional volume-time curves of 17 segments arranged in disorder of different directions; and the time to the point with minimal systolic volume was discrete. Conclusion The regional volume-time curves of 17 segments are important in evaluating the left ventricular systolic synchrony.

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    Diagnostic value of dual-source computed tomography in coronary artery disease
    YU Yun, LI Yue-hua
    2010, 30 (10):  1238. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.013

    Abstract ( 2396 )   PDF (6149KB) ( 1898 )  

    Objective With invasive coronary angiography (ICA) as the golden standard for diagnosis, to explore the sensitivity and specificity of dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) in the diagnosis of coronary artery stenosis and to confirm DSCT feasibility in screening coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods A total of 200 cases of suspected CAD, including 30 cases of arrhythmia, were retrospectively analyzed. The patients underwent DSCT and ICA in turn with the interval time between the two tests less than 3 months. ICA, as the golden standard for diagnosis, was used to evaluate the value of DSCT in the diagnosis of CAD. Results Among 200 patients, 158 were diagnosed as coronary stenosis (luminal stenosis≥50%) by ICA, while 161, as coronary stenosis by DSCT. The sensitivity and specificity of DSCT were 98.1% (155/158) and 85.7% (36/42). Among 2000 coronary segments, 326 were diagnosed as stenosis (luminal stenosis≥50%), while 326, also diagnosed as stenosis by DSCT (P>0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of DSCT were 96.3% (314/326) and 99.3% (1662/1674), respectively. Furthermore, the negative predictive value of DSCT was more than 99%. Conclusion DSCT, with good sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value, can be applied to screen CAD in more people, especially for those coronary stenosis without calcification.

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    Detection of serum Th1/Th2 cytokines and clinical significance in children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome
    SHI Jun, LV Jing-rong, WU Hao
    2010, 30 (10):  1243. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.014

    Abstract ( 2694 )   PDF (3387KB) ( 1570 )  

    Objective To detect serum Helper T cell subsets (Th1/Th2) immune balance related cytokines in children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and explore their clinical significance. Methods Obstructive level data of 61 OSAHS children undergone endoscopic adenoidectomy were collected. The serum Th1 cytokines (TNF-β and IFN-γ), Th2 cytokines (IL-10, IL-13, and IL-12) levels were measured. The samples of 26 normal children were also collected as control group for the same serum cytokines detection. Results Compared with control group children, serum IFN-γ levels in OSAHS children were significantly lower (P<0.01). But there were no significant differences of other serum Th1/Th2 immune balance related cytokines (TNF-β, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-12) between OSAHS children and control group children (P>0.05). In OSAHS children, IFN-γ levels was not correlated with the degree of choanal adenoidal hypertrophy obstruction. Conclusion There is balance mechanism between Th1/Th2 immune response. In OSAHS children, decrease of serum IFN-γ level induced decline of Th1 cell-mediated protective immune response, which caused Th1/Th2 imbalance to result in adenoid tonsil hypertrophy.

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    Value of SPECT/CT image fusion analysis in differential diagnosis for benign or malignant lesions of suspected bone metastasis
    MA Yu-bo, WANG Zhong, GU Ai-chun, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1246. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.015

    Abstract ( 2046 )   PDF (6900KB) ( 1994 )  

    Objective To explore the value of SPECT/CT image fusion analysis in differential diagnosis for benign or malignant lesions of  suspected bone metastasis. Methods A total of 187  patients to be excluded bone metastasis were selected. The patients firstly underwent conventional planar 99mTc-Methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) whole body bone imaging at first. For suspected bone metastasis, corresponding local bone radionuclide SPECT and CT were used. SPECT/CT image fusion was carried out to identify lesion quality. Some patients were followed up or received additional examination. The differences of the diagnesis of SPECT, CT, and SPECT/CT were analyzed. Results Among a total of 340 suspected lesions. SPECT/CT image fusion diagnosed 137 (40.3%) benign lesions and 172 (50.6%) malignant lesions. Only 31 (9.1%) lesions were suspected. SPECT/CT had significant differences with single SPECT or CT (P<0.01 or 0.05). In 32 patients with definite diagnose, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy rate, and misdiagnosis rate were 93.8% (15/16), 87.5% (14/16), 90.6% (19/32), and 9.4% (3/32), respectively. Conclusion SPECT/CT image fusion analysis has high value in qualitative or differential diagnosis of suspected bone metastasis. However, comprehensive analysis is still need in order to reduce misdiagnosis.

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    Case Study of 147 influenza A (H1N1) in-patients in the Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture
    LU Hong-chang, HAN Shi-fa, ZHANG Ge-xiang, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1251. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.016

    Abstract ( 1723 )   PDF (3286KB) ( 1229 )  

    Objective By analyzing the hospital's medical records of influenza A (H1N1) patients in the Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, to explore the epidemical characteristics of the disease and to provide evidences for the local prevention. Methods By cluster sampling, in-patients with influenza A (H1N1) diagnosed by laboratory experiment in the Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture between September 2009 and March 2010 were collected. Through unified questionnaire, 147 eligible patients were analyzed of epidemiology and clinical features. Results The high-risk group of the disease was mainly students aged 14-24 years, and to fall ill mainly from October to December in all over the Prefecture. The main clinical features were cough (98.64%), hypodynamia (88.44%), sore throat (80.95%), throat congest (76.87%), headache (76.19%), and body aches (53.06%). The incidences of sore throat and headache were significantly different between males and females (89.32% vs 61.36% and 89.32% vs 45.45%, P<0.01). The diseases was companied with ardent fever. The incidence of fever was significantly different between males and females (70.06% vs 29.94%, P<0.05). In additions, there was a obviously falling of the peripheral blood lymphocyte in the laboratory examination, and there were significantly higher rates of abnormal percentages of white blood cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophilic granulocytes in males (P<0.05). The patients' conditions were improved after active treatment. Conclusion There were significant differences of distribution of peripheral blood cells between male and female influenza A (H1N1) patients. The incidence of fever was higher in males. It is necessary to strength the education of influenza A (H1N1) about the relative epidemic knowledge and to move forward  the inoculation period and to expand the inocuation range for the students, in order to prevent prevailing of the disease.

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    Analysis of diagnosis and treatment in 65 cases of chronic suppurative otitis media with fungus infection
    ZHANG Yi, LIU jun, ZHAO Ji-yu, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1254. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.017

    Abstract ( 2458 )   PDF (4138KB) ( 1900 )  

    Objective To explore possible etiology, diagnosis method, and different treatment plans of chronic suppurative otitis media with fungus infection. Methods Sixty-five cases of chronic suppurative otitis media with fungus infection were retrospectively analyzed. According to the symptoms, otoscopic examination, and diagnosis of fungal identification results, the patients received medicine (local anti-fungus drugs, oral anti-fungus drugs, or local and oral anti-fungus drugs) and ear operation following efficacy evaluation. Results After fungi identification, all patients were treated by anti-fungus drugs as diagnostic therapy. For local medicine, dry ear rates of using glycerin otic nystatin, terbinafine hydrochloride cream, and kenacomb cream or triamcinolone cream were 66.67%, 81.82% and 90.00%, respectively. In oral medicine, dry ear rates of using terbinafine hydrochloride and Sporanox were 77.78% and 76.92%. In local and oral medicine, dry ear rate was 90.91%. Nine patients undergone operation were all cured. The total cure rate was 13.85%; dry ear rate, 81.54%; and inefficiency rate, 4.61%. Conclusion There was no definitive relationship between fungal infection of the middle ear and immunocompromise or long-term using antibiotics. Local factors might play important roles, such as moisture in the ear canal and mastoid cavity. Pus culture and smear examination may play definitive roles in diagnosis. For patients with chronic suppurative otitis media, prompt tympanoplasty should be advised after fungal infection controlled.

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    Analysis of therapeutic effects of minimal invasive therapy for thoracic/lumbar vertebral compression fracture
    GUAN Hong-xin, ZHU Jin, ZHONG Jun, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1258. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.018

    Abstract ( 2348 )   PDF (6151KB) ( 1454 )  

    Objective To analysis therapeutic effects of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) on treating thoracic/lumbar vertebral compression fracture. Methods Twenty patients (28 vertebrae) suffered from thoracic/lumbar vertebral compression fracture were treated by minimal invasive therapy, PVP and PKP. Visual analog scale (VAS) of patients was measured before operation, 24 h after operation, and during follow-up. Oswestry disability index (ODI) of patients was measured before operation and during follow-up. Patients were investigated retrospectively of their satisfaction toward surgery 24 h after operation and during follow-up. Results All 20 patients received successful operation without any complication. Four patients underwent PVP (5 vertebrae) and 16 received PKP (23 vertebrae). All patients were followed up from 1 to 24 months (mean 8 months). The VAS was 8.9±0.4, 2.1±2.0, and 2.2±1.9 before operation, 24 h after operation, and at the last follow-up, respectively. Compared with preoperative scale, there was significant differences to the other two scales (P<0.05). The ODI of the last follow-up [(25.8±10.4)%] was significantly lower than ODI of before operation [(56.4±10.8)%] (P<0.05). The satisfaction rates were 95.0% 24 h after operation and 89.5% at the last follow-up, respectively. Conclusion PVP or PKP has minimal invasion with remarkable antalgic effects in treating vertebral compression fracture, which prevents vertebral collapse and improves body activity and quality of life. The operation is a safe and effective therapy.

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    Effect of combined therapy of roglitazone and metformin on hepatic fat content in type 2 diabetic patients with central obesity
    ZHOU Huan, TENG Xiang-yu, LIU Wei
    2010, 30 (10):  1263. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.019

    Abstract ( 1967 )   PDF (5417KB) ( 1500 )  

    Objective To observe efficacy of combined treatment of rosiglitazone and metformin on intrahepatic fat deposition in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Thirty-three type 2 diabetic patients with intrahepatic lipid but without the use of oral hypoglycemic agents were divided into rosiglitazone group (n=16) and rosiglitazone combined with metformin group (n=17). Physical parameters (body weight, waist circumstance, hip circumstance, body mass index, and waist-hip ratio) were measured before treatment and 24 weeks after treatment. Fasting blood was collected to measure levels of fasting blood glucose, lipid level, serum adiponectin, and TNF-α. Imaging techniques were used to assess intraabdominal fat area, subcutaneous abdominal fat area, and intrahepatic lipid content. The parameters before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results In rosiglitazone combined with metformin group, body weight, body mass index, waist circumstance, waist-hip ratio, intraabdominal fat area, and subcutaneous abdominal fat area decreased significantly compared to those before treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while such changes were not observed in rosiglitazone group. After treatment, in both groups, fasting blood glucose, intrahepatic fat content, and serum TNF-α decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but serum adiponectin increased (P<0.01). And changes were more significant in rosiglitazone combined with metformin group (P<0.05). Conclusion Intrahepatic lipid was decreased by treatment of rosiglitazone alone and combined with metformin, while the combined treatment was more effective.

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    Analysis of characteristics of early infections in patients with fulminant acute pancreatitis
    HUANG Jie, MAO En-qiang
    2010, 30 (10):  1267. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.020

    Abstract ( 1689 )   PDF (4302KB) ( 1307 )  

    Objective To investigate clinical and bacteriological characteristics of early infections in patients with fulminant acute pancreatitis (FAP). Methods Eighty-two patients with FAP hospitalized in surgical intensive care unit were selected, and were classified into early infection group (with infection in 14 d from the disease onset, n=51) and non-infection group (without infection in 14 d from disease onset, n=31). The clinical data including infection related factors and 28 d mortality were compared between groups. And characteristics of infections and bacteriological characteristics of patients in early infection group were analyzed. Results The proportions of mechanical ventilation and surgical intervention in early infection group were significantly higher than those in non-infection group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the other infection related factors and 28 d mortality between the two groups (P>0.05). In early infection group, 68 pathogens were isolated, which were 22 strains (32.4%) of gram positive bacteria, 29 strains (42.6%) of gram negative bacteria, and 17 strains (25.0%) of fungus. There were 11 cases (21.6%) of cholangitis, 24 cases (47.1%) of pneumonia, 8 cases (15.7%) of peri-pancreatic infection, 3 cases (5.9%) of bloodstream infection, 7 cases (13.7%) of wound infection, and 4 cases (7.8%) of urinary tract infection in early infection group. Conclusion The prevalence of early infection is high in patients with FAP, which may be related to mechanical ventilation and early surgical intervention. The main pathogen is gram negative bacteria, while gram positive bacteria and fungi also take an important part.

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    Effects of nonionic contrast medium on renal functions of patients undergoing coronary angiography
    YE Ying, FANG Wei-yi, QIU Xing-biao, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1270. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.021

    Abstract ( 1929 )   PDF (5478KB) ( 1298 )  

    Objective To observe effects of nonionic contrast medium on renal functions of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Methods A total of 556 inpatients (342 males and 214 females) who had undergone coronary angiography with nonionic contrast medium in Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, from September 2009 to February 2010 were selected. The series of renal function indexes of blood and urine were measured and compared in all patients before and after the angiography. Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) was defined as the variation of the absolute value of serum creatinine (Scr) over 44.2 μmol/L or with a rise of 25% than basis. Further evaluation should be needed to screen sensitive markers of CIN in those patients. Results In renal function indexes of blood, there were significant differences of concentrations of Scr, blood urine nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), and retinal-binding protein (RBP) before and after angiography except for cystain C (Cys C) (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In renal function indexes of urine, there was significant difference of concentrations of α1-microglobulin (α1-MG) before and after angiography (P<0.01). Thirty-nine patients (18 males and 21 females) accorded with the diagnostic criteria of CIN and the incidence was 7.01%. The variation of α1-MG was the most obvious one with a rise of (39.77±16.75)%. The level of Ccr was still within normal limits (P>0.05), but the variation of eGFR was significant [(118.88±38.03) mL·min-1·1.73 m-2 vs (88.14±28.18) mL·min-1·1.73 m-2 in males, (107.69±38.65) mL·min-1·1.73 m-2 vs (77.40±30.71) mL·min-1·1.73 m-2 in females](P<0.01). Compared to CIN group, the mean dosage of contrast medium was significantly different in non-CIN group [(225.34±16.58) mL vs (201.56±13.27) mL](P<0.01). The Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that the factors causing CIN were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal insufficiency, and the mean dosage of contrast medium. Conclusion The variations of these indexes of CIN patients before and after angiography were related to the injection of nonionic contrast medium. The α1-MG was an early sensitive marker of CIN.

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    Relationship between sinus histiocytosis and germinal center hyperplasia in axillary lymph nodes and lymph node metastases of breast cancer of T1-2 stage
    SU Zhen-dong, SU Guang-qi, LI Xiao-qiang, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1275. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.022

    Abstract ( 2418 )   PDF (9099KB) ( 1232 )  

    Objective To explore the relationship between sinus histiocytosis (SH) and germinal center hyperplasia (GH) in axillary lymph nodes and lymph node metastases of breast cancer of T1-2 stage. Methods One hundred and four cases of breast ductal cancer of T1-2 stage were selected,  SH and GH in axillary lymph nodes, axillary lymph node metastases, cancer cell differentiation, peri-tumor invasion, and lymphatic duct invasion were examined by HE staining. Expressions of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, p53, C-erb-B2, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen were detected by immunohistochemical staining. The relationship among GH, SH and the other clinicopathological characteristics and between GH and SH and lymph node metastases was analysed. Results Thirty-two cases (31%) had axillary lymph node metastases. The rates of lymph node metastases in cases with positive GH and SH, positive GH or SH and negative GH and SH were 21%, 73% and 81%, respectively. There were significant differences in the percents of cases with lymph node metastases between those with positive GH and SH and those with positive GH or SH (P=0.041) and between those with positive GH and SH and those with negative GH and SH (P=0.017). SH was related to the expression of p53 (P=0.037), and GH was related to SH (P=0.000). Conclusion SH is related to the expression of p53, and GH is related to SH in breast ductal cancer of T1-2 stage. The combination of positive GH and positive SH may suppress metastases of breast ductal cancer to lymph nodes, and may predict a better prognosis, while those with negative GH and (or) negative SH may have a high risk of relapse and need enhanced chemotherapy after mastectomy.

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    Review
    Progress of the research of working memory and functional neuroimaging in patients with treatment resistant depression
    CHEN Jun
    2010, 30 (10):  1281. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.023

    Abstract ( 2155 )   PDF (4443KB) ( 1469 )  

    Studies on working memory and functional neuro-imaging of treatment resistant depression (TRD) patients may take greatly benefits for us to reveal the characteristics of cognitive impairments and for clinicians to pay more attention to cognitive impairments and treatment of patients with TRD, which finally improve the quality of life and decrease family and social disease burden. The working memory and functional neuroimaging of TRD patients are reviewed in this paper.

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    Research progress on relationship between NMDA receptors and learning and memory
    LI Qiang
    2010, 30 (10):  1285. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.024

    Abstract ( 2418 )   PDF (2975KB) ( 1873 )  

    Long-term potentiation (LTP) is thought to be a model for neuronal plasticity and the neuro-biochemical base of learning and memory. The studies of LTP molecular mechanism focus mainly on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NDMA) receptors. Various combinations of subunits including NR1, NR2, NR3 assemble to form NMDAR and generate diversity in its functions. The effects of NMDA receptors on learning and memory are reviewed in this paper.

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    Roles of CD40, CD40L, and sCD40 in B-cell hematologic malignancies
    SHEN Wei-na
    2010, 30 (10):  1288. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.025

    Abstract ( 2421 )   PDF (4394KB) ( 1421 )  

    CD40, CD40L, and sCD40, as important signaling molecules, play a great role in inducing antigen-presenting cells, T cell activation, and tumor immunology. This paper investigates these three signaling molecules in pathogenesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphoblastic leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, and clinical significance of using immunologic CD40 bound drugs, such as CD40L trimer, CD40 monoantibody, and CD40L positive cell, in treating hematologic malignancies.

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    Advances in research of macroangiopathy in diabetes
    WEI Cong
    2010, 30 (10):  1292. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.026

    Abstract ( 2304 )   PDF (5693KB) ( 1945 )  

    Diabetic vasculopathy is one of the major causes of death in patients with diabetes, which has complicate pathogenesis and is not yet clear. Studies showed that biological effects, such as polyol pathway, non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, hexosamine pathway, activation of protein kinase C, oxidative stress, and compensatory system, contribute to the occurrence and development of diabetic vasculopathy. The research progress of risk factors, pathophysiology, and molecular mechanism of occurrence of complications of macroangiopathy in diabetes is reviewed in this paper.

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    Brief original article
    Clinical characteristics and analysis of CYP17A1 gene mutation of one patient with 17 alpha hydroxylase deficiency
    SHEN Ye, YU Yong-guo, YANG Pei-rong, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1297. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.027

    Abstract ( 2298 )   PDF (5197KB) ( 1451 )  

    Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and mutation of CYP17A1 gene of a patient with 17-α hydroxylase deficiency. Methods One patient with 17-α hydroxylase deficiency was selected, and the clinical manifestations and auxiliary examinations were conducted. Besides, CYP17A1 gene detection was carried out among the patient and her parents. Results For the patient, blood pressure was higher; secondary sexual characters were underdeveloped; and serum potassium level was lower. CYP17A1 gene detection revealed a deletion of 9 bases (TCGACTCTT) on exon 8 and a homozygote mutation of D487-F489 deletion for the patient; her mother was a heterozygote carrier on CYP17A1, while no mutation was found in her father. Conclusion The 17-α hydroxylase deficiency should be considered in the diagnosis of hypertension and low serum potassium level combined with delayed sexual development. Detection of CYP17A1 gene may help to make early diagnosis.

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    Clinical analysis of 19 adult patients with hemophagocytic syndrome
    ZHAO Ming-zhe, ZHAO Wei-li, SHEN Zhi-xiang
    2010, 30 (10):  1300. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.028

    Abstract ( 2804 )   PDF (2999KB) ( 1481 )  

    Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of adult patients with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS). Methods The clinical and experimental data of 19 adult patients with HPS from Department of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, were collected retrospectively from January 2005 to January 2009.ResultsAll patients presented high fever, hepatosplenomegaly, hematostatic abnormality, and cytopenia at first visit. Ten cases (52.6%) were diagnosed as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; 2 (10.5%), as infection; 1 (5.3%), as acute lymphoblastic leukemia; and 6 (31.6%) without known etiology. Fourteen cases were dead during follow-up and one was still in follow-up (6 months till now). Four cases lost follow-up. The median survival time was 3 months (range 2-6 months). Conclusion HPS is an uncommon fatal disease, and rarely occurred in adult population. The clinical presentation is complex, usually with multi-organ dysfunction, aggressive course, and poor prognosis. The pathogenesis and treatment of HPS should be further studied.

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    Technique and method
    In vitro induction and culture of osteoclasts with Ti-alloy particles
    MAO Yuan-qing, ZHU Zhen-an, TANG Ting-ting, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1303. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.029

    Abstract ( 2154 )   PDF (6285KB) ( 1515 )  

    Objective To explore the method of in vitro induction and culture of mature mouse osteoclasts from macrophages with Ti-alloy particles. Methods Mouse macrophages were obtained from bone marrow, and macrophage colonystimulating factor (M-CSF)-dependent precursor method was employed for cell induction and culture with Ti-6Al-4V (Ti-alloy) particles. The cultured cells subjected to tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, and expressions of osteoclast specific TRAP mRNA, CK mRNA, and CR mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. Cells were induced and cultured on bone flaps with the same method, and absorption lacuna was observed after culture. Results Cells began to merge on the sixth day after culture with Ti-6Al-4V particles, and multinucleated giant cells emerged on the ninth day, with positive TRAP staining and expressions of osteoclast specific TRAP mRNA, CK mRNA, and CR mRNA. Absorption lacuna formed on bone flaps with cultured cells. Conclusion Mature mouse osteoclasts can be successfully induced and cultured in vitro from macrophages with Ti-alloy particles.

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    Assessment of effect and development of percutaneous pulmonary artery thrombus clear catheter
    FAN Ji-hai, GU Xiu-lian, CHAO Sheng-wu, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1307. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.030

    Abstract ( 2259 )   PDF (7309KB) ( 1179 )  

    Objective To develop a percutaneous pulmonary artery thrombus clear catheter used in patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism (APTE) and to assess its effect. Methods The commonly used clinical catheter materials were selected under ultrasound welding, film coating, and the hot working technologies to make a selfexpandable nitinol umbrella mounted at a catheter-tip to suck thrombus. In vitro and in vivo tests were completed on the established sheep APTE models (n=10) for testing the safety, efficiency, and operability of the device. Results The device were made successfully along with iterative improvements. The tests revealed that thrombus could be extracted perfectly followed by partial recanalizations of pulmonary artery and significant improvements of hemodynamic parameters, such as pulmonary artery pressure, peripheral artery pressure, arterial partial pressure of oxygen, and heart rate. Conclusion The device is safe and feasible in sheep APTE models, and it is confident to have a clinical trial with further improvements of the device.

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    Case report
    One case report of successful removal of giant schwannoma compressing medulla oblongata
    GUAN Hong-xin, ZHU Jin, ZHONG Jun, et al
    2010, 30 (10):  1312. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.031

    Abstract ( 1944 )   PDF (4940KB) ( 1497 )  

    Giant schwannoma compressing medulla oblongata is rare. There is a great risk of removal of the tumor. This paper reported a case of giant schwannoma compressing medulla oblongata. Under general anaesthesia, the patient underwent successful tumor resection in brainstem area. The patient experienced favorable recovery.

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    One case report of splenic epidermoid cyst
    WANG Jian-qiu, YANG Ting-yan, ZHOU Hai-hua
    2010, 30 (10):  1315. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2010.10.032

    Abstract ( 1844 )   PDF (3277KB) ( 1193 )  

    This paper reported a case of splenic epidermoid cyst. The patient was clinically characterized by epigastric discomfort, and splenic multiple cysts were revealed by B ultrasound and CT examinations. Splenectomy was then conducted, and splenic epidermoid cyst was determined by pathological examination after operation. The patient experienced favorable recovery. On basis of literature review, some issues about this case were discussed.

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