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28 May 2019, Volume 39 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Outstanding international article

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First discovery of a new genetic disease in human-oocyte death and identify pathogenic gene PANX1 The research group of KUANG Yan-ping 2019, 39 (5):  443.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.001 Abstract ( 731 )   PDF (3700KB) ( 363 )   Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Basic research)

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Inhibition of genistein against LPS-induced proinflammatory response in microglia WANG Hong-mei,FU Jian-liang,ZHANG Ting,CHEN Jing-jiong,ZHAO Yu-wu 2019, 39 (5):  446.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.002 Abstract ( 739 )   PDF (5873KB) ( 480 )   Objective · To investigate the effect of genistein (Gen) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced proinflammatory response in microglia. Methods · Primary microglia were isolated C57BL/6J mice 1 d after birth, which were divided into 3 groups, i.e. control group, LPS group, and Gen+LPS group. Microglia in LPS group and Gen+LPS group were incubated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 h, and the cells in Gen+LPS group were also pretreated with Gen (10 μmol/L) for 0.5 h. The of CD11b was measuredWestern blotting analysis. Besides, mitochondrial and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were monitoredMitoSOXTM Red and CM-H2DCFDA staining, respectively. NLRP3 (NLR family pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasom was detectedimmunofluorescence. Caspase-1 activity and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels were evaluatedcolorimetric assay kit and ELISA kit, respectively. Results · Compared with control group, LPS increased CD11b protein , and mitochondrial and intracellular ROS levels in microglia (P<0.05). And Gen obviously reversed LPS-induced mitochondrial and intracellular ROS accumulation as well as reduced CD11b (P<0.05). In addition, LPS enhanced fluorescence intensity of NLRP3 inflammasome, caspase-1 activity and IL-1β secretion in microglia when compared with control group (P<0.05), while Gen significantly attenuated these effects (P<0.05). Conclusion · Gen can inhibit LPS-induced proinflammatory response including mitochondrial ROS accumulation, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and IL-1β secretion in microglia. Related Articles | Metrics

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Using ATAC-seq to identify the chromatin accessibility activatedtype Ⅰ interferon in human monocytes OUYANG Ye,QIN Yu-ting,YAO Chao,SHEN Nan, 2019, 39 (5):  451.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.003 Abstract ( 752 )   PDF (9314KB) ( 416 )   Objective · To detect the genome-wide profiling of chromatin accessibility in human monocytes after stimulated with interferon α (IFNα). Methods · Blood samples were collected a healthy donor. Assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) technique was performed to detect the chromatin accessibility. Bioinformatic tools were used for enrichment analysis and visual analysis. Results · With the treatment of IFNα, there were 430 significant up-regulated regions, and 442 significant down-regulated regions. Most of the accessible regions were located at promoters and the adjacent areas of the genes, followedthe intergenic areas and introns. The enrichment analysis showed that the genes related with up-regulated regions were enriched to interferon relevant pathways or anti-virus reactions. To visualize the corresponding chromatin regions, it showed that the intensity of ATAC-seq signal was significantly enhanced at the promoters and transcriptional start sites of effector interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) after IFNα stimulation; while for the regulatory ISGs, there was a certain degree of accessibility before stimulation, and the signal intensity was mildly improved. The motif analysis showed significant enrichment of interferon-stimulated response element and interferon regulatory factor in up-regulated regions. Conclusion · Chromatin accessibility of human monocytes has characteristic changes after type Ⅰ interferon stimulation and makes preparation for downstream gene . Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of bisphenol A exposure during embryonic phase on development and neurobehavior of zebrafish PAN Rui,HU Jing-ying,HU Yi,YAO Qian,LI Wei-hua,TIAN Ying,GAO Yu 2019, 39 (5):  458.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.004 Abstract ( 703 )   PDF (5710KB) ( 512 )   Objective · To investigate the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on the development and neurobehavior of zebrafish. Methods · The zebrafish fertilized eggs that developed to 4 hpf (hours post-fertilization) were treated with different concentrations of BPA (0, 2.5, 25, 250, and 2 500 μg/L). Survival rates, malformation rates, hatching rates, 24 hpf autonomic movement, and 48 hpf heart rates in the groups were observed and recorded. And the neurobehavioral test of larval zebrafish that developed to 144 hpf was performed. Results · The BPA exposure did not affect the survival rates, malformation rates and hatching rates of zebrafish. Compared with the control group, the autonomic movement in 24 hpf and heart rate in 48 hpf of zebrafish embryos that exposed to 2 500 μg/L BPA decreased (P0.000), and the total distance and average speed of larval zebrafish that developed to 144 hpf also decreased (P0.000). The behavior of larval zebrafish exposed to 250 μg/L and 2 500 μg/L BPA changed on light-evoked startle escape response activity, mainly including the decrease of total distance under strong light stimulation (P<0.05). Conclusion · BPA exposure during embryonic phase has developmental toxicity and neurotoxicity on zebrafish. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of CC chemokine ligand 2 on pain behavior in a rat model of bone cancer pain and its underlying peripheral mechanism WANG Li-ya,GAO Po,ZHOU Ye 2019, 39 (5):  463.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.005 Abstract ( 679 )   PDF (7661KB) ( 255 )   Objective · To investigate the effects of CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) on pain behavior in a rat model of bone cancer pain (BCP) and the underlying peripheral mechanisms. Methods · BCP models were developedinoculation of Walker256 mammary gland carcinoma cells into the tibia medullary cavities of right hind limbs SD rats. The same volume of saline was injected in sham operation (sham) group. The mechanical pain threshold was measured to judge the success of BCP model. Expression of CCL2 in L4 and L5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was detectedimmunofluorescence staining. CCL2 (500 ng, 25 μL) was injected into plantar of the operated side to observe its effects on leg-raising and foot-licking behaviors of hind paws in BCP and sham rats. Whole-cell patch-clamp recording was used to investigate the effects of CCL2 on membrane potential of acutely dissociated DRG neurons the two groups. Results · Fourteen days after operation, the mechanical pain threshold in the right hind paws of BCP rats was significantly lower than that in sham rats. Compared with the Sham rats, the of CCL2 in L4 and L5 DRG of BCP rats was significantly higher. Plantar injection of CCL2 increased paw lift time in BCP rats. The rate and amplitude of depolarization inducedCCL2 in BCP DRG neurons were significantly higher than those in sham neurons. Conclusion · CCL2 facilitates pain behavior in BCP rats, and its peripheral mechanism maybe involves CCL2-induced neuron depolarization to enhance excitability of DRG neurons. These results indicate that CCL2 plays an important role in development of BCP. Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of long non-coding RNAPeg13 in apoptosis of developing primary neurons following sevoflurane injury JIANG Yun-feng,CHENG Yan-yong,SUN Yu 2019, 39 (5):  469.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.006 Abstract ( 726 )   PDF (9133KB) ( 356 )   Objective · To investigate the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Peg13 (paternally expressed 13) in the apoptosis of developing primary neurons following sevoflurane injury. Methods · Primary neurons were prepared fetal mice with 14.5 d of gestational age. The of lncRNA Peg13 after sevoflurane treatment was detectedquantitative PCR. The localization of lncRNA Peg13 in primary neurons was detectedin situ hybridization. Peg13 over and knockdown plasmids were constructed and transfected into primary neurons. The morphology of primary neurons was observedfluorescence microscope. Cell vability was assessedCCK-8 assay. Cell apoptosis was determinedTUNEL assay and Western blotting. Results · The of lncRNA Peg13 in primary neurons decreased in a time-dependent manner after sevoflurane treatment. LncRNA Peg13 was widely expressed in the cytoplasm and axon of primary neuron. Over of lncRNA Peg13 resulted in decreased sevoflurane-induced apoptosis. The primary neurons were restored to normal morphology with increased cell vability. The percentage of TUNEL-positive cells was decreased. The ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was increased and the of casepase-3 was decreased. However, knockdown of lncRNA Peg13 aggravated the sevoflurane-induced apoptosis. The primary neurons had visible morphological deterioration and decreased cell vability, with increased percentage of TUNEL-positive cells, decreased ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and increased of casepase-3. Conclusion · LncRNA Peg13 may alleviate sevofluraneinduced apoptosis in developing primary neurons. Related Articles | Metrics

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Inducible multiplexed CRISPR interference system in human embryonic stem cells ZHU Chao-nan,CHEN Qin-wen,XIN Chen-ge,LI Hui 2019, 39 (5):  478.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.007 Abstract ( 773 )   PDF (9825KB) ( 605 )   Objective · To generate a doxycycline (Dox)-inducible multiplexed CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system for multiple gene inhibition in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to explore the function of gene families and model multigene diseases. Methods · A Dox-inducible multiplexed CRISPRi system was developedGolden Gate assembly in hESCs. This system consisted of two plasmids, one expressing modified repressive nucleasedeactivated CRISPR-associated protein 9 (dCas9) and Krüppel-associated box (KRAB) transcriptional repressor domain under the control of Dox, the other carrying eight independent guide RNA (gRNA) cassettes. PCR was conducted using total genomic DNA as a template to confirm whether these two plasmids were integrated into genome. Western blotting was performed to confirm whether the of dCas9-KRAB could be inducedDox treatment. Results · Using this tunable CRISPRi system, multiple genes were successfully silenced simultaneously in hESCs. The silence of genes and related to hESC self-renewal caused obvious cell differentiation in terms of changed cell morphology, decreased activity of alkaline phosphatase, and reduced of stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4), a marker of undifferentiated hESCs. Conclusion · This Dox-inducible multiplexed CRISPRi system can be used for quick and efficient silence of multiple genes in hESCs in a highly controlled manner. Related Articles | Metrics

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Therapeutical effect of liraglutide treatment in a momodel of allergic rhinitis KONG De-di,WANG Jun,XIANG Ming-liang,SUN Xing-mei,WANG Shi-li 2019, 39 (5):  487.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.008 Abstract ( 730 )   PDF (10281KB) ( 234 )   Objective · To investigate whether intraperitoneal injection of liraglutide can improve the inflammatory state of allergic rhinitis (AR) in mice and provide new treatment options for AR. Methods · Eighteen BALB/c mice (SPF grade) were divided into three groups (control group, AR group and treatment group)random number method. The AR and treatment group were established through intraperitoneal injection of OVA and aluminum hydroxide (replacedphysiological saline in control group). And treatment group received intraperitoneal injection of liraglutide (replacedphysiological saline in control and AR groups). The changes in the numbers of sneezing and nose scratching of mice were observed after the intervention of liraglutide. The number of eosinophil infiltration, goblet cell proliferation and mucosal thickness in mice nasal mucosa were measured. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to detect the concentrations of OVA-specific IgE (OVA-sIgE), IL-4 and IL-5 in serum of mice. Results · In control group, there were rare eosinophils and goblet cell hyperplasia. In AR group, obvious goblet cell hyperplasia, significant eosinophil infiltration and thickening mucosal were observed. The number of eosinophil, goblet cell hyperplasia, and mucosal thickness in AR group significantly increased compared with those in control group (all P<0.05). The numbers of nose scratching and sneezing in AR group were significantly higher than those in the control group (both P<0.05), and the above symptoms in treatment group were improved compared with AR group (both P<0.05). The serum concentrations of OVA-sIgE, IL-4 and IL-5 in AR group were significantly higher than those in control group (all P<0.05), and the above indicators in treatment group were lower than those in AR group (all P<0.05). Conclusion · Intraperitoneal injection of liraglutide can effectively improve the symptoms and inflammatory level of AR in mice, which may be a novel research direction in the treatment of AR. Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Clinical research)

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Effect of lithium carbonate on oxidative stress in patients with bipolar disorder WANG Ying-yi,LU Yan-hua,GENG Rui-jie,CHENG Xiao-yan,HUANG Xin-xin,Lü Qin-yu,YING Qi-ang,YI Zheng-hui 2019, 39 (5):  494.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.009 Abstract ( 745 )   PDF (8845KB) ( 320 )   Objective · To explore the effect on oxidative stress status of lithium treatment in bipolar disorder patients. Methods · This was a case-control study of 61 patients with bipolar disorder (8 manic patients and 53 depressed patients) matched with 49 healthy volunteers Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Patients with bipolar disorder were treated with lithium carbonate for 6 weeks. The 17 Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Clinical Global Impression-Severity of Illness (CGI-SI) were used to assess the clinical outcomes at baseline and endpoint. The serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured at baseline and endpoint. The oxidative stress status of the patients and controls was compared, as well as its change after lithium treatment. Results · In the patients with bipolar mania or bipolar depression, the level of SOD was lower (t5.403, P0.000) and the levels of GSH-Px and MDA were higher (t8.371, P0.000; t6.063, P0.000) than those of the normal population, and the level of CAT had no difference in these two groups. There was no difference in the four oxidative stress indicators between the manic state and the depressive state. There were significant differences in plasma GSH-Px and MDA contents after lithium treatment (t4.352, P0.000; t2.720, P0.009), while there was no significant difference in plasma SOD and CAT levels after lithium treatment. After treatment with lithium, MDA content in bipolar mania and bipolar depression decreased significantly (t3.072, P0.018; t3.532, P0.001), and that in the manic state decreased more. There was a significant decrease in GSH-Px level in bipolar depression (t2.880, P0.006). Conclusion · Oxidative stress injury exists in the patients with bipolar disorder. Lithium carbonate may adjust the imbalance of oxidative stress in these patients, and its effect in different disease states is slightly different. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mutation analysis of CITED2gene in patients with situs inversus LIU Si-jie,LI Ting-ting,CHEN Sun,LI Fen,SUN Kun,XU Rang 2019, 39 (5):  500.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.010 Abstract ( 846 )   PDF (6166KB) ( 461 )   Objective · To analyze the correlation between CITED2 gene mutation and situs inversus. Methods · A total of 24 patients with situs inversus and 100 healthy controls were collected. The genomic DNA was isolated their peripheral blood. PCR and Sanger sequecing were employed to analyze the exons of CITED2. The potential effect of the mutation was characterizedthe software Sift, PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN and Mutation Taster. The Y. Zhang laboratory server was used to predict the three-dimensional structure of the protein, and the SWISS-PdbViewer was imported to see the impacts of the mutation on the protein structure. Results · A novel heterozygous CITED2 mutation c.418C>T (p.P140S) was identified in 1 patient with situs inversus, which was absent in all controls. The novel heterozygous p.P140S mutation was predicted to be pathogenicSIFT and Mutation Taster. The SWISS-PdbViewer showed that the mutation p.P140S caused all three hydrogen bonds on the aspartic acid at position 137 to be disconnected, and an abnormal weak hydrogen bond was re-established between the serine at position 140 and the alanine at position 142. Conclusion · The novel heterozygous mutation c.418C>T (p.P140S) may affect the biological activity of CITED2 and may be related to situs inversus. Related Articles | Metrics

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Association between behavioral problems and sleep problems among children with autism spectrum disorder LI Yuan-yuan,WEN Jing,YANG Ting,GUO Min,ZHU Jiang,CHEN Li,CHEN Jie,LI Ting-yu 2019, 39 (5):  505.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.011 Abstract ( 744 )   PDF (7168KB) ( 284 )   Objective · To explore the relationship between sleep problems and behavioral symptoms among the children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods · This study included 356 autistic children and 225 typically developing children aged 3-8 years. The Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) was used to investigate the sleep problems of the two groups, and Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) were used to assess the behavioral symptoms of the children with ASD. Results · According to the CSHQ total score, the prevalence of sleep problems was significantly higher in the children with ASD than that in the normally developing children [69.38% (245/356) vs. 47.56% (107/225), P=0.000]. The total scores of CSHQ, sleep onset delay, sleep duration, night waking, parasomnia, sleep disordered breathing, and daytime sleepiness in children with ASD were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). Compared with the ASD children without sleep disorder, the ASD children with sleep disorder got higher SRS total scores, social cognition, social communication, social motivation and autistic mannerisms scores (all P<0.05). Moreover, the total scores of ABC, sensory stimuli sensorial, relating, body and object use, and language scores were higher in the ASD children with sleep disorder (all P<0.05). ASD children with sleep disorder had higher scores in CARS (P=0.008), and according to the CARS stratification, the children with ASD in the sleep disturbance group had more severe symptoms (P=0.033). Conclusion · Children with ASD have higher risk of sleep problems than the typically developing children. And sleep problems are significantly associated with behavior of children with ASD. Behavioral symptoms are severer in the ASD children with sleep problems. It is suggested that sleep problems may have some deep and internal relationship with the onset of ASD, and more attention should be paid to patients' sleep problems in order to improve their recovery effect. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical observation on prevention of pterygium recurrence with bleomycin in pterygium surgery CHEN Jun-zhao,ZHAO Zhan-lin,YAO Qin-ke,SHAO Chun-yi,FU Yao 2019, 39 (5):  510.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.012 Abstract ( 709 )   PDF (6771KB) ( 318 )   Objective · To observe the clinical effect of bleomycin for prevention of recurrence after pterygium treatment. Methods · Pterygium excision surgery combined with conjunctival autograft transplantation method on 59 patients (82 eyes) was performed, bleomycin (3 mg/mL) was used to prevent recurrence during the surgery. Corneal and conjunctival wound healing, recurrence rate and complications were observed in all the patients after surgery. Results · All the patients were followed-up for 6 months or more [(18.5±9.7) months]. After surgery, the corneas were transparent; the conjunctival flaps healed well and fused with surrounding tissues; no obvious scar hyperplasia and no recurrence of pterygium occured during the follow-up. None of the patients had sustained corneal epithelial defect, scleral ischemia, symblepharon, secondary glaucoma or cataract. Conclusion · The application of bleomycin may reduce the recurrence rate of pterygium effectively without serious complications. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of shaped polyurethane foam dressing on healing of scalp donor sites in the patients with extensive burn LI Xue-chuan,TENG Pei-min,YUAN Bo,QIAO Liang,YANG Hui-zhong 2019, 39 (5):  514.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.013 Abstract ( 754 )   PDF (5726KB) ( 693 )   Objective · To evaluate shaped polyurethane foam dressing applied on scalp donor sites in the patients with extensive burn. Methods · The extensively burned adult patients without chronic diseases before injury, who were hospitalized in the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine October, 2017 to October, 2018 were selected. Their scalps as skin donor sites during all past grafting surgeries were divided into two groupsdifferent treatments, i.e. control group and research group. The scalps in control group were coveredgauze clippedthe skulls. Those in research group were coveredshaped polyurethane foam dressing. Afterwards, the wound healing time for the scalps, the intervals between the two adjacent grafting operations, the post-operation pain assessedvisual analogue scale (VAS), and the workload of medical staffs were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results · The mean time of wound healing for scalp donor sites in research group was (6.77±0.10) d, whereas it was (9.73±0.17) d in control group. For the intervals between the two contiguous operations, they were (9.33±0.16) d in research group and (11.90±0.22) d in control group, respectively. The differences in these two indexes between the two groups were statistically significant (P0.000). Also, the VAS scores were significantly lower in research group compared with those in control group at all the points after operations (P0.000). The application of shaped polyurethane foam dressing evidently reduced the treatment time for turning bed and had no need of lamp-aid treatment, so it reduced the workload for medical staffs. Conclusion · The application of shaped polyurethane foam dressing on extensively burned patients’ scalp may significantly accelerate its wound healing, shorten the intervals between two grafting operations, which will be beneficial in closing the wounds of these patients earlier eventually. Meanwhile, its application may also alleviate pains of the patients and reduce the burdens of post-operation nursing. Related Articles | Metrics

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Value of prostate anterior horn biopsy in the diagnosis of prostate cancer XIE Shao-wei,DONG Bai-jun,XIA Jian-guo,WANG Yan-qing,LI Hong-li,ZHANG Shi-jun,YANG Wen-qi,LI Feng-hua 2019, 39 (5):  518.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.014 Abstract ( 692 )   PDF (5062KB) ( 339 )   Objective · To evaluate population anterior horn biopsy in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Methods · The clinical and pathological data of 1 679 patients who underwent ultrasound-guided initial 12-core prostate biopsies at Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, were retrospectively analyzed. The performances of 12-core (including anterior horn) biopsy and the 10-core (except anterior horn) biopsy were compared in total population and different subgroups for the detection rates of prostate cancer. Results · Of the 1 679 patients, 678 (40.4%) were diagnosed with prostate cancer, and 59 (8.7%) were only positive at anterior horns. After excluding the anterior horn biopsy, the detection rate was 36.9% (619/1 679), which was lower than the overall detection rate including the anterior horn biopsy (40.4% vs 36.9%, P0.046). In prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate volume subgroups, for the patients with PSA>10 ng/mL and prostate volume ≥30 mL, the biopsy detection rate was improvedadding the anterior horn biopsy (P<0.05). The patients with only positive anterior horn biopsy had higher prostate volumes and lower Gleason scores, compared with the patients with positive biopasy excluding anterior horn (P0.006, P0.000). Conclusion · Adding the anterior horn biopsy could improve the prostate cancer detection rate, recommended to be routinely used in the initial prostate biopsies. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of application of bronchial blocker and tracheal catheter on one-lung ventilation in infants JIANG Yan,LI Hong-yun,ZHU Chang-e,FU Yue-zhen,WEI Rong 2019, 39 (5):  522.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.015 Abstract ( 665 )   PDF (5238KB) ( 567 )   Objective · To analyze the clinical application of bronchial blocker and tracheal catheter in infants with one-lung ventilation. Methods · Forty patients in Children′s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Jul. 2017 to Jun. 2018 undergoing elective thoracoscopic surgery were randomized into two groupsrandom number method, i.e. group A (bronchial blocker）and group B (tracheal catheter), with twenty cases in each group. In the two groups, one-lung ventilation was achievedblocking bronchial blocker and tracheal catheter, respectively. All operations were performedone skilled anesthesiologist. The clinical occurrences of the two groups were recorded, including placement and positioning time, immediate hemodynamic indexes before and after intubation, the number of successful cases of one-lung ventilation, the number of intraoperative shifts cases and postoperative hoarseness cases. Also, the ventilation indexes of the two groups was recorded, including tidal volume (VT), peak airway pressure (Ppeak) and intraoperative lung collapse after five minutes of one-lung ventilation. Results · Compared with group B, placement and positioning time in group A was shorter (P0.022), the number of successful rates of one-lung ventilation in group A was bigger (P0.024), the number of intraoperative shifts cases in group A was less (P0.042), and intraoperative lung collapse after five minutes of one-lung ventilation in group A was better (P0.030). There were no significant differences in immediate hemodynamic indexes before and after intubation, VT and Ppeak after five minutes of one-lung ventilation, and the number of postoperative hoarseness cases. Conclusion · Extraluminal placement of bronchial blocker used in infants has an advantages in terms of the intubation time, the success rate, and the less complications compared with the tracheal tube, which can achieve more effective one-lung ventilation and better clinical application value. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine on onset and duration of transverse abdominis plane block FENG Zhou,WANG Jian-wei,ZHANG Xiao-yu,XU Zi-feng 2019, 39 (5):  526.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.016 Abstract ( 725 )   PDF (5186KB) ( 471 )   Objective · To evaluate the effect of ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine on transverse abdominis plane (TAP) block guidedultrasound and postoperative analgesia. Methods · A total of 180 patients (ASA grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ ) undergoing laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy were randomly divided into control group (Con group) and dexmedetomidine group (Dex group). At the end of the operations, the patients were sent to the recovery rooms. After 10 minutes, TAP block was performed under the guidance of ultrasound, and morphine intravenous self-controlled analgesia pump was given for postoperative analgesia. The patients in Con group received TAP block with 40 mL of 0.375％ ropivacaine. The patients in Dex group received 40 mL of 0.375% ropivacaine containing 100 μg dexmedetomidine. The onset time, duration of the sensory nerve block, delay of the first press of morphine pump, and total amount of morphine within 48 h after the operation and hemodynamic parameters were recorded. Results · The onset time in Dex group was earlier than that in Con group (P0.032), and the duration of analgesia effect was also longer (P0.012). The delay of first morphine pump press was also significantly later than that in Con group (P0.008), and total morphine consumption significantly reduced within 48 h after operation (P0.001). In terms of heart rate and mean arterial pressure, they were all lower in Dex group than those in Con group. Conclusion · Ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine can be safely and effectively used in TAP block. Compared with ropivacaine alone, the combination can maintain a longer sensory block, which can significantly reduce postoperative opioid usage. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application value of anti-double stranded DNA antibody in systemic lupus erythematosusenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay WANG Zhi-qing,ZHENG Bing,LI En-ling 2019, 39 (5):  530.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.017 Abstract ( 683 )   PDF (4168KB) ( 525 )   Objective · To investigate the characteristics and clinical application value of anti-double stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibody detectedenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Methods · 186 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 183 autoimmune disease of non-SLE controls, 78 non-autoimmune disease controls and 50 healthy controls were selected. The serum anti-dsDNA antibody was detected simultaneouslythe methods of ELISA and radioimmunoassay (RIA) and their diagnostic efficacies for detection were compared. Results · The sensitivities of anti-dsDNA antibody in SLERIA and ELISA were 47.31% and 62.90%, respectively. The specificities were 85.85% and 81.67%, respectively. The positive predictive were 66.67% and 67.24%, respectively. The negative predictive were 73.15% and 78.14%, respectively. The anti-dsDNA antibody levels of SLE patients detectedELISA and RIA both increased with the increase of SLE disease activity index. Conclusion · The specificity of ELISA is similar with RIA in diagnosing SLE, and the sensitivity is higher than RIA, which can screen the patients with SLE. In addition, the two methods are both suifor monitoring the condition of SLE. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of accelerated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on suicide ideation in depressive patients ZHU Jun-juan,ZHANG Tian-hong,ZHANG Ling,XU Li-hua,WEI Yan-yan,TANG Ying-ying,WANG Ji-jun 2019, 39 (5):  534.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.018 Abstract ( 897 )   PDF (8124KB) ( 406 )   Objective · To investigate the effects and safety of accelerated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on suicide ideation in depressive patients and to examine whether intensive rTMS has a rapid remission of suicidal ideations or not. Methods · A total of 14 depression out patients with severe suicidal ideations were enrolled in the study. All the participants were treated with rTMS (5 Hz) on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. rTMS was delivered 3-4 times daily for 3 d (total 10 sessions, 20 000 stimuli). The participants were taking antidepressants at a fixed effective dose during rTMS treatment. Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI), Hamilton Depression Scale-17 (HAMD17) and Clinical Global Impression-Severity of Illness (CGI-SI) were assessed at baseline and 4 d, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after baseline. Results · rTMS of 5 Hz was safe and well-tolerated. The SSI scores decreased significantly at all follow-up timepoints after rTMS treatment (F15.788, P0.000), and the SSI score decreased the most significantly the day after the end of rTMS therapy. The effect of anti-suicide ideation could be maintained after 4 weeks. There was a significant correlation between the degree of decrease of suicidal ideation and the decrease of HAMD17 score (t5.658, P0.000), but not related with CGI-SI (t-1.058, P0.295). accelerated rTMS treatment improved depressive symptoms significantly, and the total effective rate reached 78.57% after 4 weeks the baseline. Conclusion · accelerated rTMS treatment may have the potential to quickly reduce suicide ideation in depressive patients, with good safety. The degree of decrease in suicide ideation is related to the antidepressant effect of rTMS, and its efficacy can be maintained. Related Articles | Metrics

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Assessment of effect of situated learning on developing crisis intervention skills DONG Min-ye,JIA Zhi-ying,WANG Jian-yu,ZHANG Hai-yin,SHI Zhen-su,LI Guo-hong, 2019, 39 (5):  539.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.019 Abstract ( 744 )   PDF (7714KB) ( 293 )   Objective · To exploring effect of the online situated courses which were developed based on the six-step model of crisis intervention on improving the crisis intervention skills. Methods · A total of 118 learners were recruited to receive online course training to improve their crisis intervention skills. Two types of courses were prepared, which were situated interactive course and non-interactive course for situated group and control group respectively. The changes in crisis intervention skills were compared between the two groups of learners before and after learning. The effects of situated learning were evaluated comprehensively diagnostic evaluation, formative evaluation and summative evaluation. Results · After learning, the scores of crisis intervention skills of both groups were significantly improved (Psituated0.000, Pcontrol0.002). And the improved score of crisis intervention skills of situated group was higher than that of control group (P0.010). The results of comprehensive evaluation showed that the well-mastered crisis intervention skills were identifying problem, providing support and getting commitment, the scores of which were 31.52±4.43, 16.85±4.44 and 14.63±5.27, respectively. Conversely both confirming safety and formulating plan skills should be reinforced, the scores of which were 10.26±3.93 and 5.84±4.10, respectively. Conclusion · The online course has a significant effect on improving the crisis intervention skills of learners, and the situated interactive course is more effective than the non-interactive course. Related Articles | Metrics

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Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ involved in pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome SHI Chao-yi,XU Jing-jing,WU Yan-ting,HUANG He-feng 2019, 39 (5):  544.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.020 Abstract ( 913 )   PDF (11464KB) ( 519 )   Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age. It is characterizedhyperandrogenism, rare ovulation or anovulation, and ovarian polycystic changes. Due to the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations, the pathogenesis of PCOS has not yet been fully elucidated, but genetic factors are considered to be the main pathogenesis of PCOS. Changes in epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation and X-chromosome inactivation patterns may affect the of androgen receptor genes and insulin genes, thereby altering androgen activity, increasing androgen levels, and ultimately leading to PCOS. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARG) is the major subtype of the PPARs family in ovarian granulosa cells. PPARG plays an irreplaceable physiological function in reproduction and metabolism. It is involved in ovarian steroid metabolism, ovarian tissue remodeling, granulosa cell cycle regulation and insulin-glucose metabolism. Further research on the role of PPARG in the pathogenesis of PCOS can provide a theoretical basis for the prediction, diagnosis and treatment of long-term complications, which is reviewedthis article. Related Articles | Metrics

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Developmental toxicity of exposure to ambient fine particulate matter REN Yun-jie,SHI Ye-wen,WANG Guang-he 2019, 39 (5):  550.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.05.021 Abstract ( 792 )   PDF (11118KB) ( 303 )   Domestic and foreign studies have shown that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution is a major factor affecting human health. In addition to the direct impact on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy can directly affect the growth and development of offspring, manifested as cardiopulmonary dysfunction and cognitive disorder, various adverse pregnancy outcomes, abnormal organ development, and congenital defects. However, the mechanism underlying the developmental toxicity of PM2.5 is still unclear. This article reviews PM2.5-induced developmental toxicity based on epidemiological investigation and toxicological studies, which will provide references for further studies. Related Articles | Metrics