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28 October 2019, Volume 39 Issue 10 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Outstanding international article
Original article (Basic research)
Original article (Clinical research)
Original article (Public health)
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Outstanding international article

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Metabolic imaging reveals a unique preference of symmetric cell division and homing of leukemia-initiating cells in an endosteal niche The research group of ZHENG Jun-ke 2019, 39 (10):  1107.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.001 Abstract ( 1092 )   PDF (3677KB) ( 444 )   The metabolic properties of leukemia-initiating cells (LICs) in distinct bone marrow niches and their relationships to cell-fate determinations remain largely unknown. Using a metabolic imaging system with a highly responsive genetically encoded metabolic sensor, SoNar, we reveal that SoNar-high cells are more glycolytic, enriched for higher LIC frequency, and develop leukemia much faster than SoNar-low counterparts in an MLL-AF9-induced murine acute myeloid leukemia model. SoNar-high cells mainly home to and locate in the hypoxic endosteal niche and maintain their activities through efficient symmetric division. SoNar can indicate the dynamics of metabolic changes of LICs in the endosteal niche. SoNar-high human leukemia cells or primary samples have enhanced clonogenic capacities in vitro or leukemogenesis in vivo. PDK2 fine-tunes glycolysis, homing, and symmetric division of LICs. These findings provide a unique angle for the study of metabolisms in stem cells, and may lead to development of novel strategies for cancer treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Basic research)

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Intra-bone marrow injection of fetal liver mononuclear cells to reconstruct the hematopoietic system in mice YI Qing-fu1, CHI Ya-nan1, LIU Guang-hui2, 3, YANG Guan-heng2, 3, GONG Xiu-li2, 3, FAN Shu-yue1, ZENG Fan-yi1, 2, 3 2019, 39 (10):  1110.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.002 Abstract ( 985 )   PDF (7367KB) ( 532 )   Objective · To observe the effect of intra-bone marrow injection (IBMI) of fetal liver mononuclear cell suspension on reconstructing the hematopoietic system in mice. Methods · The fetal liver mononuclear cells the mice with gestational age of 13.5 days were obtainedFicoll separation technique, and then the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were obtainedmagnetic bead sorting. The fetal liver mononuclear cells were injected into the tibias of 137Cs irradiated miceIBMI. The recipient mice were observed for reconstitution of the hematopoietic systemroutine blood examination, blood smear and bone marrow smear. The donor HSCs in the bone marrow of the recipient mice was subjected to flow cytometry 1 year after transplantation. Results · HSCs accounted for 0.171% in the mofetal liver mononuclear cells. One week after transplantation of mofetal liver mononuclear cells, blood cells derived donor cells were detected peripheral blood; in the third week after transplantation, peripheral blood leukocytes, red blood cells and hemoglobin of recipient mice were restored to the pre-irradiation levels; the percentage of donor-derived blood cells in peripheral blood in the fifth week was stable; the HSCs in the bone marrow of recipient mice were derived donor cells 1 year after transplantation. Conclusion · The murine fetal liver mononuclear cells can efficiently reconstruct the hematopoietic system of miceIBMI. Related Articles | Metrics

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Protective effect of recombinant human IL-1Ra on hepatocytes in vitro ZHENG Ying, XIAO Xin-yi, YANG Zhuo-yi, ZHOU Mei-qi, CHEN Hui, YUAN Yun-sheng 2019, 39 (10):  1115.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.003 Abstract ( 797 )   PDF (7379KB) ( 465 )   Objective · To evaluate protective effects of recombinant human IL-1Ra (rhIL-1Ra) on acute liver injury in vitrousing D-galactosamine (D-GalN) and HepG2 cells to establish the D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced HepG2 cells injury models. Methods · Models of HepG2 cells injury inducedD-GalN was established. HepG2 cells were maintained in mediums which contained different concentration of D-GalN (0.02, 0.2, 2 or 4 mg/mL) for different time (1, 2 or 3 d). Optimized concentration and time of D-GalN were used to analyze cell viability and morphology. A serial dose of rhIL-1Ra (10, 20 or 50 μg/mL) was used to treat HepG2 cells which were challenged with D-GalN. Cell apoptosis and the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed in different treatment groups. Real-time PCR was employed to analyze the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in cells. ERK1/2 inhibitor (SCH772984) was used to confirm whether ERK1/2 phosphorylation played a critical role in IL-1Ra protecting hepatocytes or not. Results · Cell viability was significantly decreasedD-GalN whose concentration was 4 mg/mL in HepG2 cells after 2 d. Compared with the control group, rhIL-1Ra could significantly improve cell survival and down-regulate the level of ROS in the cells. RhIL-Ra also could suppress of pro-apoptotic cytokines factors (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) inducedD-GalN in HepG2 cells. The results also showed that erk1/2 signaling pathways have certain effect on mediating the injury of rhIL-1Ra to protect hepatocytes. Conclusion · RhIL-1Ra can protect hepatocytes toxinsdirectly targeting hepatocytes and inhibit cells apoptosisactivating ERK1/2 pathway in HepG2 cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of endothelial dysfunction in hypertrophic scars on fibroblasts biology XI Jing, ZHENG Jie-xin, WANG Xi-qiao 2019, 39 (10):  1122.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.004 Abstract ( 846 )   PDF (7108KB) ( 466 )   Objective · To investigate the effect of endothelial dysfunction in hypertrophic scar regression on the fibroblasts biology. Methods · Scar-derived endothelial cells were isolated and cultured proliferative scars, regressive scars and mature scars, and the endothelial cells normal skin as control. After 6 h of culture, the endothelial cell culture medium (ECCM) was harvested. In addition, the fibroblasts normal skin were cultured and treated with the ECCM. After 48 h, the cell viability, total collagen production, and cell apoptosis were assessedAlamar blue, sirius red staining, and TUNEL assay, respectively. Furthermore, anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), anti-PDGF (platelet derived growth factor), anti-TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1), anti-ET-1 (endothelin 1), and anti-bFGF (basic fibroblast growth factor) neutralizing antibodies were individually added to the ECCM to identify their effects on fibroblasts biology. Results · The results revealed that the ECCM regressive scars inhibited fibroblasts viability and collagen production, and induced apoptosis (PPPConclusion · Vascular endothelial dysfunction in hypertrophic scars can inhibit fibroblast proliferation and collagen production, and induce cell apoptosis, especially in regressive scars. TGF-β1, PDGF and bFGF may play a major role in this process. Related Articles | Metrics

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Microchip based on 3D printing technology for simulating intestinal villi and tumor surface topography ZHANG Yi-heng1, DU Jing2, 3, XIA An-yue1, CUI Jin-hui2, GAN Ming-zhe2, LIU Pei-feng1 2019, 39 (10):  1127.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.005 Abstract ( 811 )   PDF (8610KB) ( 523 )   Objective · To propose a method for making organ-on-a-chip based on 3D printing, and study the relationship between cell growth on the chips and various factors. Methods · Through 3D printing technology and surface microstructure transfer method, ulcer-like and ridge-like microstructures of the tumor surface and the intestinal villi were fabricated on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chip. Combined with fluorescence imaging, the effects of surface modification, shapes and heights of microstructures, and culture time on the surface coverage and density of Caco-2 cells on the chip were measured. Results · The PDMS chip was more likely to induce cell adhesion and growth rather than the 3D printing resin chip. On the surface of three-dimensional structure, cell surface coverage and cell density increased after the surface was treated with rat tail collagen Ⅰ (PP0.000). After surface modification, there was no significant difference in cell density at the same height of different steric structure (P>0.05). Conclusion · The intestinal villi and tumor topological organ chips can be fabricated3D printing technology and surface microstructure transfer method. The surface modification and microstructure height affect the cell growth on the surface. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects and mechanisms of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 2 on cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer YUAN Yuan, MEI Jun 2019, 39 (10):  1134.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.006 Abstract ( 864 )   PDF (10159KB) ( 387 )   Objective · To investigate the role and mechanism of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 2 (GPT2) on cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer. Methods · The Kaplan Meier-Plotter database was used to analyze the relationship between GPT2 and poor prognosis of gastric cancer. The s of GPT2 in gastric cancer cells and tissues were detectedquantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The cytotoxicity of cisplatin at different concentrations to human gastric cancer cells and normal gastric epithelial cells was detectedCCK-8 assay. GPT2 over and knockdown cell lines were constructed in cisplatin sensitive MKN28 cells and insensitive MKN45 cells, respectively. CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay and Western blotting were performed to evaluate the cellular cytotoxicity, stemness of cancer cells and the changes of key proteins in stemness-related signaling pathways in GPT2 over and knockdown cell lines, respectively. Results · The high of GPT2 was negatively correlated with the survival of gastric cancer patients. Gastric cancer cells with high of GPT2 were resistant to cisplatin, while cells with low of GPT2 were sensitive to cisplatin. Over of GPT2 could decrease the cell sensitivity to cisplatin, nevertheless knockdown of GPT2 could increase the cell sensitivity to cisplatin. Meanwhile, the further study revealed that over of GPT2 could activate the extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathway, up-regulate the of SRY-box 2 (SOX2) and Nanog homeobox (NANOG), and enhance the ability of colony formation, while knockdown of GPT2 could inhibit ERK signaling pathway, reduce the of SOX2 and NANOG, and suppress the ability of colony formation. Conclusion · GPT2 are related to the sensitivity of cisplatin treatment. Over of GPT2 can increase the resistance of gastric cancer to cisplatin treatmentactivating ERK signaling pathway and up-regulating the of SOX2 and NANOG. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of scell lines expressing large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel α-subunit and molecular mechanism of potassium excretion in this channel YING Si-qi, ZHANG Ya, GUO Qin, YANG Yang, LIU Shuang, ZHANG Chong 2019, 39 (10):  1142.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.007 Abstract ( 811 )   PDF (8837KB) ( 383 )   Objective · To construct scell lines expressing the large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel (MaxiK or BK) α-subunit and to explore the mechanism of potassium excretion via BKα channel. Methods · The BKα plasmid with Myc tag was constructed and transfected into HEK293 cell lineslipofectamine 2000. The positive monoclonal cell lines were screenedG418, and the of BKα was detectedWestern blotting and the location of BKαimmunofluorescence. The scell lines expressing BKα protein was cultured on slides to form a single cell layer, which was perfused with different potassium ion concentrations of 5 mmol/L and 100 mmol/L, and the single channel patch clamp recorded the ion flux of BKα. Wild type and mutants (G77R, G130R, C140R and R297C) of the inwardly rectifying potassium channel (Kir4.1) were transfected into HEK293 cells stably transfected with BKα, and then the membrane protein was extracted. The of BKα was detectedWestern blotting. Results · Scell lines expressing BKα channel were selected HEK293 cells after transfection and cellular immunofluorescence verified the of BKα channel and its on the cell membrane. The channel open frequency (NPo) of BKα increased rapidly when perfused with 100 mmol/L potassium. After being transfected with wild type or mutants of Kir4.1, the membrane of BKα in the scell lines showed significant difference among these groups (PConclusion · The HEK293 cell lines stably expressing BKα have been successfully constructed. BKα channel can be activatedhigh potassium solutions. The function of the BKα subunit can be related to Kir4.1 channel, which may be attributed to the depolarization of the cells transfectedKir4.1 mutants. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of SDF-1 complex with CGF applied to canine dental-pulp-like tissue regeneration QIAO Lu1, WANG Hui-hui1, QI Ying2, FU Meng-chen1, YAN Yan-hong1, ZHAO Yu-mei1 2019, 39 (10):  1148.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.008 Abstract ( 749 )   PDF (10172KB) ( 461 )   Objective · To evaluate the feasibility of immature permanent teeth pulp regeneration with a new method that utilizes the integration of concentrated growth factor (CGF) as a scaffold and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). Methods · Canine dental pulp cells (DPC) were isolated and cultured in vitro. Then the effects of SDF-1 and CGF were observed on DPC proliferation and differentiation. The pulpless model was established on the beagle’s immature incisors which were divided into four groups: natural pulp (A), empty cannel (B), CGF-filling (C) and SDF-1/CGF-filling (D). After 10 weeks, specimens were checkedimaging examination, RT-PCR and histological observation. Results · CGF extraction (CGFe) induced DPC proliferation while the combination of SDF-1 and CGFe enhanced this effect and also facilitated odontogenic and angiogenic differentiation of DPC. According to imaging examination, the apex growth of all four groups was in varying degrees. RT-PCR indicated the s of odontogenesis and angiogenesis related genes in group D were higher than those in group C. Besides, neonatal dentin and dental-pulp-like tissue were observed inside the canal of both group C and D, while only cementum-like tissue existed around root apex of group B. Conclusion · SDF-1 plays an important role in driving the process of pulp-like-tissue regeneration of immature permanent teethusing CGF as an effective scaffold. Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Clinical research)

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Improvement of liver fibrosis diagnostic models based on Youden index SANG Chao1, XIE Guo-xiang2, LIANG Dan-dan1, ZHAO Ai-hua1, JIA Wei1, 2, CHEN Tian-lu1 2019, 39 (10):  1156.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.009 Abstract ( 833 )   PDF (7663KB) ( 469 )   Objective ·using Youden index, to improve the performance of the hepatic fibrosis diagnostic models, and to solve the problem of unbalanced diagnostic sensitivity when there is a big difference in the sample size of two groups. Methods · Two hepatitis B virus (HBV) datasets available on GitHub were selected, including 482 HBV infected subjects recruited Shuguang Hospital in affiliation with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (train set) and 86 HBV infected subjects Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (validation set).using the two datasets, linear discriminant analysis model, random forest model, gradient boosting model and decision tree model were established, based on four clinical parameters (age, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, and platelet count) of patients, for the diagnosis of early and advanced hepatic fibrosis as well as the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. Youden index was used to adjust the threshold value and the classification result of each diagnostic model. The diagnostic performances of each machine learning model and fibrosis index based on the 4 factor (FIB-4) were evaluatedaccuracy, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and sensitivity. Results · The intergroup sensitivity imbalance occurred in all machine learning models. After using Youden index, the difference of intergroup sensitivity was greatly reduced, and the total accuracy and AUC values of machine learning models were generally higher than those of FIB-4 index. Conclusion · The improved diagnostic models based on Youden index can reduce the difference of intergroup sensitivity and improve the comprehensive performance of the diagnostic models of hepatic fibrosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Distribution characteristics of fragmented QRS in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease and its relationship with left ventricular remodeling SU Hai-xia, ZHU Ya-qin, ZHANG Tian-kuang, ZHANG Hui-li, GU Jun 2019, 39 (10):  1162.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.010 Abstract ( 729 )   PDF (6913KB) ( 300 )   Objective · To explore the diagnostic value of fragmented QRS (fQRS) for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD), and to analyze its relationship with left ventricular remodeling. Methods · Nov. 2016 to Oct. 2018, 498 hospitalized patients in the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Shanghai Ninth Peoples Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were selected consecutively. During the hospitalization, all the patients underwent coronary angiography. According to the angiographic results, the patients were divided into the control group (203 patients with negative or coronary stenosis ≥75%). The incidences of fQRS(+) in the normal electrocardiogram among the three groups were comparedchi-square test of R×C contingency table. Two hundred and thirty patients with single-vessel stenosis≥30% were divided into the anterior descending branch group (128 cases), the right coronary branch group (59 cases), and the circumflex branch group (43 cases), and the relationship between fQRS(+) leads and diseased vessels was analyzednonparametric test. Finally, all the patients were divided into fQRS(+) group (86 cases) and fQRS(-) group (412 cases). The correlation between fQRS and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), interventricular septum thickness (IVST) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), respectively, were analyzedbinary Logistic regression model. Results · The chi-square test of R×C contingency showed that the incidences of fQRS(+) in the three groups were 8.89%, 16.13% and 30.71%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (all P Ⅱ, Ⅲ, AVF, V1, V2) were more common in the right coronary branch group, the fQRS(+) leads reflecting upper lateral wall (Ⅰ, AVL) were more common in the circumflex branch group, with statistically significant differences (all P0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that fQRS was negatively correlated with LVEF (r-0.030, OR0.971, 95% CI 0.945-0.997, P0.029), and positively correlated with LVESV (r0.042, OR1.043, 95% CI 1.005-1.082, P0.026). Conclusion · fQRS has certain reference value in the clinical diagnosis of CHD, and left ventricular remodeling may be one of the mechanisms of fQRS. Related Articles | Metrics

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Association of serum olanzapine concentration and cytochrome P450 1A2 gene polymorphisms: a meta-analysis WANG Ye-wei, CHEN Yan, FANG Xin-yu, ZHANG Yi, CAI Jun, SONG Li-sheng, ZHANG Chen 2019, 39 (10):  1167.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.011 Abstract ( 765 )   PDF (6944KB) ( 374 )   Objective · To investigate association of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) gene polymorphisms and serum olanzapine concentration. Methods · Key words including “cytochrome P450 CYP1A2”, “genetic polymorphism”, “antipsychotic”, “olanzapine”, “schizophrenia”, and “serum concentration” were used to search in databases, including SinoMed, Wanfang, Weipu, CNKI, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library. The search period was limited the establishment of the database to February 27th, 2018. STATA/SE 12.0 package was applied to conduct statistical analyses. Results · Four studies with a total of 330 schizophrenic patients were included. In the recessive model of CYP1A2 gene -163C>A SNP, patients with A/A genotype had significantly lower olanzapine concentration/dosage ratio (C/D) than patients with C/C or C/A genotype. Conclusion · A/A homozygote of CYP1A2 gene -163C>A SNP is significantly associated with the decreased olanzapine serum concentration. Related Articles | Metrics

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Association study of SNAP25 gene polymorphisms with schizophrenia in Chinese Han population WU Yi1, WU Yi-ming1, SONG Bing-fu1, HUANG Xin-xin2, Lü Qin-yu2, YI Zheng-hui2 2019, 39 (10):  1172.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.012 Abstract ( 1040 )   PDF (7414KB) ( 369 )   Objective · To investigate the relationship between synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 000 (SNAP25) gene and schizophrenia (SZ) in Chinese Han population. Methods · TaqMan probe genotyping technique was used to detect 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of SNAP25 gene in 434 SZ patients (case group) and 432 healthy controls (control group). Rs3746544, rs8636, rs362998, rs6039769 and rs6077690 were genotyped to compare the alleles, genotypes, genotypes under different genetic models and haplotype frequency distributions between the case group and the control group. Results · The difference of frequency distribution of rs362998 and rs6039769 alleles was statistically significant between the case group and the control group (P0.029, P0.033, respectively). After Bonferroni correction, the differences were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of rs362998 and rs3746544 genotypes between the case group and the control group (P0.005, P0.043, respectively). There was still a statistically significant difference in rs362998 after correction (P0.025), but there was no statistical difference in rs3746544 (P>0.05). The rs362998 locus was statistically significant between the co-dominant and dominant-genetic models (P0.003), and the difference was still statistically significant after Bonferroni correction (P0.015). Under the codominant and recessive inheritance patterns, the difference of rs3746544 genotype distribution was statistically significant between the groups (P0.042, P0.012, respectively), and the difference was not statistically significant after correction (P>0.05). The differences of frequency distribution of all haplotypes consisting of rs3746544-rs8636 between the case group and the control group were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion · In Chinese Han population, SNAP25 may be a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia, and rs362998 may be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and clinical significance of long-chain non-coding RNA lincRNA-BBOX1-2 in gastric cancer SUN Ying1, HU Mei-jie2, GU Wei1, LI Jian1, WANG Ji1, ZHENG Xiong1 2019, 39 (10):  1178.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.013 Abstract ( 755 )   PDF (5933KB) ( 470 )   Objective · To evaluate the of long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) lincRNA-BBOX1-2 in gastric cancer tissues and the value of diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer. Methods · The of lincRNA-BBOX1-2 was detectedreal-time quantitative PCR in 45 cases of gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissues. The correlations of lincRNA-BBOX1-2 with clinic-pathological features and clinical prognosis were analyzed. Results · The higher of lincRNA-BBOX1-2 was observed in the gastric cancer tissues (3.291±0.274 vs 1.125±0.075, P0.000) as compared with the adjacent normal tissues. Up-regulation of lincRNA-BBOX1-2 was associated with positive lymph node metastasis (P0.005, r0.172) and advanced clinical stage (P0.013, r0.137). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) value was 0.916 (95%CI 0.859–0.972) for lincRNA-BBOX1-2 in predicting the occurrence of gastric cancer, and 0.720 (95%CI 0.565–0.875) for lincRNA-BBOX1-2 in predicting the lymph node metastasis. Conclusion · The up-regulation of lincRNA-BBOX1-2 in gastric cancer tissues is associated with the clinic-pathological features of gastric cancer. lincRNA-BBOX1-2 may be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker in patients with gastric cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Incidence and risk factors of infection related to totally implanaccess port in upper arm in cancer patients QIU Xiao-xia1*, JIN Guang-xin2*, GUO Yan1，DAI Meng-jun2, HU Jia-xian1, ZHANG Xue-bin2 2019, 39 (10):  1183.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.014 Abstract ( 801 )   PDF (7707KB) ( 447 )   Objective · To explore the incidence and risk factors of infection related to totally implanaccess port (TIAP) in upper arm in cancer patients. Methods · A total of 1 961 patients who received TIAP for deliverance of chemotherapy at Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine during the period February 2014 to December 2018. The general clinical data, catheterization status, bacteriological data and incidence of TIAP-related infections were retrospectively analyzed. The univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to determine the risk factors TIAP-related infections. Results · A total of 43 patients developed TIAP-related infections, with an incidence of 2.2% (43/1 961). The mean time interval the implantation of upper arm TIAP to the diagnosis of infection was (116.88±95.39) d (7-377 d). In univariate analysis, gender (P0.001), catheter diameter (P0.000), upper extremity venous thrombosis (UEVT) (P0.000) and outpatient (P0.005) were significantly associated with the risk of infection related to upper arm TIAP. Multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis showed that gender (OR0.35, P0.012), UEVT (OR31.59, P0.000) and catheter diameter (OR2.81, P0.005) were three significant independent predictors of infection related to upper arm TIAP. Conclusion · Gender, UEVT and catheter diameter are independent risk factors for upper arm TIAP-related infection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of Adolescents Quality of Life Scale on reliability and validity in left-behind children DIAO Hua, WANG Hong, YANG Lian-jian, LI Ting, JIN Feng, PU Yang 2019, 39 (10):  1188.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.015 Abstract ( 745 )   PDF (7328KB) ( 369 )   Objective · To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Adolescents Quality of Life Scale in left-behind children to provide a reliable measurement tool for the study of the quality of life of left-behind children. Methods · Six schools (three primary schools and three secondary schools) were selected in the Qianjiang District of Chongqing Citythe purpose sampling method. A total of 1 276 students in the 4-9 grades were selected. One week later, one of the primary and secondary schools was retested respectively. Results · The 23rd item was deleted the Adolescents Quality of Life Scale. Every factor load of 38 items was greater than 0.4, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 61.713%. A total of 4 dimensions and 11 factors were obtained. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that, for physical, psychological, social, and pubertal dimensions and total scale, χ2/df values were less than 5, and goodness of fit index (GFI), incremental fit index (IFI) and comparative fit index (CFI) values were greater than 0.9; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) value of each dimension was less than 0.08, and RMSEA value of total scale was 0.083; normed fit index (NFI) values of physical and pubertal dimensions were greater than 0.9, and NFI values for the psychological and social dimensions and total scale were 0.883, 0.876, and 0.871, respectively. The coefficient and the test-retest reliability of each dimension and the total scale were 0.648-0.849 and 0.554-0.831, respectively. Conclusion · The revised Adolescent Childrens Quality of Life Scale has good reliability and validity, suggesting that it can be used for assessing the quality of life of left-behind children in China. Related Articles | Metrics

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Survey of self-rated health and associated factors analysis of elderly hypertensive patients in community clinics LU Hui-ping*, WU Li-na*, WANG Hai-ya 2019, 39 (10):  1194.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.016 Abstract ( 836 )   PDF (5636KB) ( 481 )   Objective · To understand the status of self-rated health of elderly hypertensive patients in some community clinics in Shanghai, and analyze the influence factors. Methods · The elderly patients with hypertension in three community clinics in Shanghai were investigated with the basic information questionnaire and the Self-rated Health Rating Scale (SRHMS). The influence factors of self-rated health of these people were analyzedmultiple linear stepwise regression. Results · A total of 458 elderly patients with hypertension were enrolled. The total score of SRHMS and the scores of its 3 subscales, i.e., physiological health, mental health, and social health, were 347.91±32.97, 142.29±13.03, 116.95±12.65, and 88.66±11.83, respectively. Totally, 88.4% of the patients were at good level of self-rated health. The results of multiple linear stepwise regression showed that age, primary occupation, daily times of taking antihypertensive drugs, marital status and life satisfaction were independent influence factors of the total score of SRHMS in the elderly patients with hypertension. Conclusion · The self-rated health level of elderly hypertension patients in the community clinics in Shanghai is good, and age, original occupation, daily times of taking antihypertensive drugs, marital status and life satisfaction are the influence factors. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of gut microbiota in depression, anxiety and substance disorders SONG Yue-hong, JIANG Hai-feng, PENG Su-fang, ZHAO Min 2019, 39 (10):  1199.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.017 Abstract ( 1060 )   PDF (8202KB) ( 563 )   At present, a large number of studies have proved the important role of the nerve-gut-brain axis in mental disorders, and focused on the correlation between gut microbiota and mental disorders and the potential regulating mechanisms. This paper summarizes the current research status of gut microflora in several mental disorders, such as depression, anxiety and substance disorders, into provide more clinical evidence for gut microflora as a new target for treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Immunomodulatory effect of myeloid-derived suppressor cell and its impact on tumor therapy LI Xiao, WANG Li 2019, 39 (10):  1204.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.018 Abstract ( 1111 )   PDF (8772KB) ( 382 )   Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a group of cells with potent immune suppressive activity which have emerged as an important contributor to tumor progression and genesis. More and more clinical researches have found that accumulation of MDSCs in peripheral blood and tumor tissues could predict dismal outcome for patients with malignancies, which was a potential prognostic tumor marker. In addition, immunosuppression inducedMDSCs could reduce the efficacy of anti-tumor therapies. Therefore, better understanding the mechanism of MDSCs’ immune suppression in tumor microenvironment can provide reference for exploring new immunotherapies. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of brain white matter alteration in anorexia nervosamagnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging GUO Lei , WANG Yu-ping, KANG Qing, CHEN Jue 2019, 39 (10):  1209.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.019 Abstract ( 1112 )   PDF (8751KB) ( 440 )   Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterizedlow body mass and body image disturbance. The pathogenesis of AN is complex, which may be related to alterations in brain structures. In recent years, with the development of brain imaging technology, it is possible to explore the relationship between brain structure and clinical symptoms in patients with AN through magnetic resonance imaging. This paper reviewed the studies on the diffusion tensor imaging of AN in recent years, and introduced the alterations of white matter in the brain of AN patients and individuals recovered AN. It was found that AN patients had structural damage of white matter in the limbic system, thalamus, hypothalamus, cerebellum and other brain areas, and the individuals rehabilitated AN had white matter alterations in insula and other brain areas. But there exists an inconsistency among the research results. Well-controlled studies with large sample size are needed in the future to provide theoretical foundation and instruction for the pathophysiological mechanism and clinical intervention of AN. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in research on relationship between osteoporosis and intestinal microbe LI Zi-lin1, GU Wen-qing2, SHEN Tian1 2019, 39 (10):  1214.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.020 Abstract ( 985 )   PDF (7073KB) ( 542 )   Osteoporosis, one of the severest diseases in the middle-aged and elderly population, is the result of the disorder of the normal bone turnover process. At present, many studies have shown that bone turnover is closely related to the microbial environment in the human body. The largest microbiota in the human body exists in the intestine and plays an important role in the normal physiological activities of the body, such as nutrition, metabolism, immunity and barrier. Intestinal microbe can regulate endocrine and immune system through a series of processes, thereby affecting the process of bone turnover in the body. This article briefly reviews the current research about the effects of intestinal microbe on the process of bone turnover in the body. It is expected to provide new ideas for the treatment of osteoporosisexploring the relationship between osteoporosis and intestinal microbe. Related Articles | Metrics

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Rat model construction and evaluation of pelvic inflammatory disease QIN Qian1, LI Tong2, YOU Jian-peng3, Lü Chao1, ZHANG Li-juan1, ZHANG Man2 2019, 39 (10):  1218.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.10.021 Abstract ( 1059 )   PDF (8841KB) ( 447 )   Pelvic inflammatory disease is one of the most common infections in women of childbearing age, and its pathogenesis is not clear. Into explore its pathological pathogenesis and find prevention and treatment measures, it is necessary to establish an animal model similar to human pelvic inflammatory disease. Considering the biological characteristics, availability, safety, repeatability and economy of experimental animals, rats are the most suifor pelvic inflammation model animals. According to the inducing factors of pelvic inflammation, the rat models of pelvic inflammation can be divided into biological modeling, physical modeling, chemical modeling and so on. According to the experimental purpose, experimental cycle, experimental technology and other factors, the selection of appropriate model animals and modeling methods is the key to success. In this paper, the pathogenesis, drug dose, modeling time, applicable scope, advantages and disadvantages of rodent pelvic inflammation animal model are reviewed into provide a reference for the selection of rodent pelvic inflammatory disease model. Related Articles | Metrics