上海交通大学学报(医学版)

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肺炎支原体耐药性及分子流行病学研究进展

潘 芬,张 泓   

  1. 上海交通大学附属儿童医院检验科, 上海 200040
  • 出版日期:2014-08-28 发布日期:2014-09-02
  • 通讯作者: 张 泓, 电子信箱: zhanghong3010@126.com。
  • 作者简介:潘 芬(1988—), 女, 硕士; 电子信箱: panfen0811@126.com。

Advances of drug resistance and molecular epidemiology of Mycoplasma pneumoniae

PAN Fen, ZHANG Hong   

  1. Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200040, China
  • Online:2014-08-28 Published:2014-09-02

摘要:

肺炎支原体是临床上非典型性肺炎常见的致病菌,主要采用大环内酯类抗菌药物治疗。近年来,肺炎支原体对大环内酯类耐药性日趋严重,且全世界各地耐药率存在差异,目前认为其耐药机制主要与23S rRNA V区基因位点突变(2 063位和2 064位)相关。根据肺炎支原体菌株P1基因序列的不同,应用聚合酶链式反应-限制片段长度多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)可分为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型,其流行基因型随地区和时间的不同而不同。另外,为了解肺炎支原体耐药菌株之间是否存在克隆传播,可采用多位点可变数量串联重复序列分析(MLVA)方法分析肺炎支原体克隆型。加强肺炎支原体的耐药性及流行基因型的监测,有助于了解肺炎支原体的流行病学特点,为新型抗菌药物及疫苗的研发提供依据。

关键词: 肺炎支原体, 耐药, P1基因, 多位点可变数量串联重复序列分析

Abstract:

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the common pathogen causing atypical pneumonia and mainly treated by the macrolide type antibacterials. In recent years the drug resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae against macrolide becomes serious and the resistant rate is different throughout the world. Currently it is believed that the major mechanism of the drug resistance is relevant to genetic mutations in 23S rRNA (2 063 and 2 064). According to different P1 gene sequences of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, the prevalent genotypes can be classified into type I and type II by using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and vary with the time and place. In addition, in order to understand whether the clonal transmission exists among resistant strains, the cloning types of Mycoplasma pneumoniae can be analyzed by multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). Therefore, enhancing the monitoring of drug resistance and prevalent genotype of Mycoplasma pneumoniae is helpful for understanding its epidemiological data and can provide evidence for the research and development of new antibacterials and vaccines.

Key words: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, drug resistance, P1 gene, multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis