四面体框架核酸在医学领域的应用与研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2023.03.015

上海交通大学学报（医学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 380-384.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2023.03.015

• 综述 • 上一篇

四面体框架核酸在医学领域的应用与研究进展

谢莎莎¹(), 吕叶辉¹^,²(), 林涧²^,³

^1.上海健康医学院基础医学院解剖组胚教研室，上海 201318
^2.上海健康医学院创面防治研究所，上海 201318
^3.上海健康医学院附属崇明医院骨科修复重建中心，上海 202150

收稿日期:2022-04-27 接受日期:2023-01-18 出版日期:2023-03-28 发布日期:2023-03-28
通讯作者: 吕叶辉 E-mail:407641947@qq.com;lvyh_15@sumhs.edu.cn;407641947@qq.com
作者简介:谢莎莎（2001—），女，本科生；电子信箱：407641947@qq.com
谢莎莎（2001—），女，本科生；电子信箱：407641947@qq.com第一联系人：（谢莎莎、吕叶辉并列第一作者）
基金资助:
国家级大学生创新训练计划(202210262058);上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划(21YF1418800)

Application and research progress of tetrahedral framework nucleic acids in the field of medicine

XIE Shasha¹(), LÜ Yehui¹^,²(), LIN Jian²^,³

^1.Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
^2.Institute of Wound Prevention and Treatment, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
^3.Department of Center for Orthopedic Repair and Reconstruction, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 202150, China

Received:2022-04-27 Accepted:2023-01-18 Online:2023-03-28 Published:2023-03-28
Contact: Lü Yehui E-mail:407641947@qq.com;lvyh_15@sumhs.edu.cn;407641947@qq.com
Supported by:
National Training Program for College Students′ Innovation(202210262058);Shanghai Sailing Plan(21YF1418800)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

自1982年由Seeman首次提出后，DNA纳米结构的开发逐渐完善，其相关材料在生物医学领域得到了长足的发展和广泛的应用。近年来，作为3D DNA纳米结构材料的代表，四面体框架核酸因其良好的生物相容性、可编辑性、高稳定性及易制备性等优势，在生物传感器、肿瘤治疗、抗原检测、再生医学等前沿领域取得了一定的研究进展，具有良好的应用前景。该文简述了四面体框架核酸的相关概念，并从治疗应用的角度总结了四面体框架核酸在以下领域的应用与研究进展：① 生物载体与肿瘤给药，如构建新型自组装复合体改善游离药物药效、搭载小分子RNA减缓癌症进程、自组装复合体精准靶向治疗等。② 调节炎症与免疫应答，如降低炎性因子、治疗炎症性疾病、预防糖尿病、作为免疫调节剂等。③ 促进组织再生，如促进干细胞增殖和分化、促进周围神经再生、通过血管新生促进创面修复等。该综述对四面体框架核酸的研究进展进行了总结，在分析现有研究不足的基础上展望了其应用前景，以期为进一步研究提供参考。

关键词: 四面体框架核酸, 生物载体, 肿瘤, 炎症, 免疫应答, 组织再生, 创面修复

Abstract:

Since the first proposal by Seeman in 1982, DNA nanostructures have been gradually improved, and have been widely developed and applied to the field of biomedical fields. In recent years, as a representative of 3D DNA nanostructures, tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNA) has made certain research progress and has good application prospects in frontier fields such as biosensors, tumor therapy, antigen detection, regenerative medicine, with the advantages of their good biocompatibility, editability, high stability and easy preparation. This paper briefly describes the concepts of tFNA, and summarizes the applications and research progress of tFNA in the following fields from the perspective of therapeutic applications: ① Building novel self-assembled complexes to improve the efficacy of free drugs, carrying small RNA molecules to slow down tumor progression, and self-assembled complexes for targeted therapy, etc, as biological vectors and tumor drug delivery. ② Regulating inflammation and immune response, such as reducing the level of inflammatory factors, treating inflammatory diseases, preventing diabetes, and acting as immunomodulators, etc. ③ Enhancing tissue regeneration, such as promoting stem cell proliferation and differentiation, stimulating peripheral nerve regeneration, and facilitating wound repair through angiogenesis. This review summarizes the research progress of tFNA, and looks forward to its application prospects based on the analysis of the shortcomings of existing research, in order to provide reference for further research.

Key words: tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (tFNA), biological vector, tumor, inflammation, immune response, tissue regeneration, wound repair

中图分类号:

谢莎莎, 吕叶辉, 林涧. 四面体框架核酸在医学领域的应用与研究进展[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2023, 43(3): 380-384.

XIE Shasha, LÜ Yehui, LIN Jian. Application and research progress of tetrahedral framework nucleic acids in the field of medicine[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2023, 43(3): 380-384.

图/表 2

参考文献 26

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Application direction	Advantage	Shortcoming
Protecting probes from enzymatic degradation^[26]	Good biocompatibility, editability, high stability and ease of preparation^[5]	Biological stability, maximum load and structural controllability still need to be improved
Being as biological vectors; tumor drug delivery for precise targeting therapy^[9-13]	Targeted action, enhanced drug stability and uptake efficiency^[6-7]	Biosafety to be verified; lack of systematic research on long-term impacts
Treating inflammatory diseases, acting as immunomodulators^[15-19]	Regulating inflammation and immune response^[15-19]	Most of them are animal experiments, and the effect on human beings is yet to be proved
Promoting tissue regeneration^[23-25]	Promoting stem cell proliferation and differentiation and migration^[23-25]	The specific mechanisms of interaction with molecules and organisms are less studied.

Application direction	Advantage	Shortcoming
Protecting probes from enzymatic degradation^[26]	Good biocompatibility, editability, high stability and ease of preparation^[5]	Biological stability, maximum load and structural controllability still need to be improved
Being as biological vectors; tumor drug delivery for precise targeting therapy^[9-13]	Targeted action, enhanced drug stability and uptake efficiency^[6-7]	Biosafety to be verified; lack of systematic research on long-term impacts
Treating inflammatory diseases, acting as immunomodulators^[15-19]	Regulating inflammation and immune response^[15-19]	Most of them are animal experiments, and the effect on human beings is yet to be proved
Promoting tissue regeneration^[23-25]	Promoting stem cell proliferation and differentiation and migration^[23-25]	The specific mechanisms of interaction with molecules and organisms are less studied.

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四面体框架核酸在医学领域的应用与研究进展

Application and research progress of tetrahedral framework nucleic acids in the field of medicine

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