JOURNAL OF SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCIENCE)

Saf pili and biofilm formation

ZENG Long-hui, MENG Guo-yu

2018, 38 (2): 125.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.001

Abstract ( 910 )

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As appendages surfacing on bacterium, pili play key roles in host cell adhesion and biofilm formation. The present paper introduces the latest
structural and functional studies of Salmonella atypical pili Saf and uncovers the mechanism of Saf pili driven biofilm formation, which provides new
strategy to target bacterial biofilm related antibiotic resistance.

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Anti-inflammation effects of psoralen and angelicin on human periodontal ligament cells in vitro

LI Xiao-tian1, 2, ZHOU Wei2, SONG Zhong-chen1, 2

2018, 38 (2): 128.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.002

Abstract ( 954 )

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Objective · To investigate the effects of psoralen and angelicin on inflammation cytokine expression of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). Methods · hPDLCs were primarily cultured using tissue explant method. Effects of psoralen and angelicin on the cell viability were tested by CCK-8 assay. hPDLCs were stimulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) after treatment with different concentrations of psoralen and angelicin for 2 h. mRNA expression of IL-1β and IL-8 were determined by real-time PCR. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the secretion of IL-1β and IL-8. Results · hPDLCs were cultured successfully by tissue explant method. Psoralen and angelicin (≤ 12.5 μg/mL) did not show significant effects on the cell viability of hPDLCs. Pg-LPS markedly elevated the mRNA expression of IL-1β and IL-8,which could be attenuated by psoralen and angelicin in a dose-dependent manner. Likewise, the up-regulated protein secretion of IL-1β and IL-8 could be significantly blocked by psoralen and angelicin. Conclusion · Psoralen and angelicin could attenuate the inflammatory response of hPDLCs induced by Pg-LPS. Therefore, psoralen and angelicin may act as natural agents to prevent and treat periodontitis.

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Effects of fenvalerate exposure during puberty on oxidative stress in male rat testis

ZHANG Jing-jing, ZHOU Yi-jun, HU Yi, SHI Rong, ZHANG Yan, TIAN Ying, GAO Yu

2018, 38 (2): 133.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.003

Abstract ( 970 )

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Objective · To study the effects of fenvalerate exposure during puberty on oxidative stress in rat testis. Methods · Fifty male Sprague-Dawley
(SD) rats were randomly divided into the control group (corn oil), low dose group (0.02 mg/kg fenvalerate), moderate dose group (1 mg/kg fenvalerate),
high dose group (50 mg/kg fenvalerate) and intervention group (50 mg/kg fenvalerate+100 mg/kg N-acetyl-L-cysteine), ten rats for each group, for two
months by gavage at four weeks of age. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)
in testis and testicular tissue morphology were detected. Results · Compared with the control group, the rat body weight and activities of GSH-Px and
SOD in testis were significantly decreased in high dose group while MDA content was increased (all P<0.05). Compared with the high dose group, MDA
content was decreased and GSH-Px activity was increased in the intervention group (both P<0.05). The results of testicular histology showed that with
the increasing exposure dose, the spermatogenic cells were arranged loosely, the number of layers was decreased and the inner diameter of seminiferous
tubules was increased. Conclusion · Exposure to fenvalerate during puberty may induce oxidative damage in testis tissue of male rats.

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Influence of 3,3’-diindolylmethane on expression of inflammatory cytokines in periodontal ligament cells induced by lipopolysaccharide

ZHOU Ju-mei1, YUAN Ke-yong2, LIN Wen-zhen2, HU Xu-chen2, JIN Qiao-qiao2, NIU Chen-guang2

2018, 38 (2): 138.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.004

Abstract ( 969 )

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Objective · To investigate the effect of 3,3’-diindolylmethane (DIM) on the expression of inflammatory cytokines in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to study the related mechanism. Methods · hPDLCs were isolated and cultured, and
CCK-8 method was used to detect the effect of DIM on the proliferation of hPDLCs. hPDLCs were randomly divided into 4 groups: blank group (without
LPS and DIM), LPS group (10 μg/mL LPS), 10 μg/mL LPS+6.25 μg/mL DIM, 10 μg/mL LPS+12.50 μg/mL DIM. The cells of all groups were cultured
for 12 h. The protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in supernatant were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The change of mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways were detected by Western blotting. Results · The cell viability was
not affected when the DIM concentration was less than 50 μmol/L (P>0.05). DIM at 6.25 and 12.50 μg/mL reduced the LPS-induced expression of TNF-α,
IL-1β and IL-6 at protein levels (P<0.05). DIM inhibited the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusion · DIM can reduce the LPS-induced
inflammatory cytokine expression in hPDLCs via restraining the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.

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Effect of recombinant adiponectin on pregnancy outcome in spontaneous abortion model mice#br#

LI Wei-hong, QI Hong-bo

2018, 38 (2): 142.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.005

Abstract ( 1015 )

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Objective · To investigate the effect of recombinant adiponectin on the pregnancy outcome and the balance of Th17/regulatory T cell (Treg)
in spontaneous abortion murine model. Methods · CBA/J(♀)×DBA/2(♂) mating was used as a spontaneous abortion model, while CBA/J(♀)×BALB/
c(♂) mating as a normal pregnancy model. CBA/J female mice were intraperitoneal injected with 10 μg/(kg·d) recombinant adiponectin for 9 d from day
5 of gestation. The control group received equal volumes of PBS each day. On day 14 of gestation, the mice were killed. The embryo resorption rate was
calculated. The levels of serum adiponectin, IL-17 and TGF-β were detected by ELISA. Spleen lymphocytes were isolated. The ratios of Th17/Treg were
counted by flow cytometry(FCM). Results · Recombinant adiponectin administration had no obvious effect on the embryo resorption rate of the normal
pregnancy model, while it significantly reduced the embryo resorption rate from 32.2% to 13.3% (P=0.039) of the spontaneous abortion model. ELISA
showed that recombinant adiponectin increased the serum adiponectin and TGF-β levels, and reduced the IL-17 level of the spontaneous abortion model
(P<0.01). FCM showed that adiponectin administraion could reduce the ratio of Th17/CD4+ T cells, increase the ratio of Treg/CD4+ T cells and reverse
the ratio of Th17/Treg in abortion mice. Conclusion · Intraperitoneal administration of recombinant adiponectin in early gestation can improve pregnancy
outcome in a murine model of abortion maybe through regulating the balance of Th17/Treg.

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Effects of inhaling vehicle exhaust on lung microbiome in mice

SHI Xin, CHEN Qian, LI Ting-hua, ZHANG Yan, DONG Ke

2018, 38 (2): 146.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.006

Abstract ( 1172 )

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Objective · To observe the changes of lung tissue and lung microbiome in mice after inhalation of vehicle exhaust, and to assess the impact of
air pollution caused by vehicle exhaust on the respiratory system of the population. Methods · Ten C57BL/6 mice were divided into experimental group
and control group randomly. Experimental group was inflicted with continuous exposure to automobile exhaust for 5 d (1 h/d), while the control group was
exposed to clean air. After a 5-day of environmental exposure, the lung microbial composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA pyrosequencing and the structure
of the lung tissue was assessed by histological analysis. Results · There was no significant difference in pathological changes of lung tissue between the
experimental group and the control group. However, there were significant differences in the composition and abundance of bacteria in the experimental
and control groups. At the phylum level, comparing with the control group the Firmicutes was significantly increased in the experimental group, while the
Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were significantly reduced. At the genus level, the increase of the Firmicutes was mainly related to the increase of the
Coprococcus. The reduction of the Bacteroidetes was related to the reduction of Cytophaga while the reduction of the Proteobacteria was related to three main strains namely Ochrobactrum, Methylobacterium and Acinetobacter. Amycolatopsis was also reduced significantly. Conclusion · Short-term exposure to vehicle exhaust conditions changes the species composition and abundance of lung microbiome in mice, but no lung tissue lesions were observed.

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Comparison of ex vivo lung perfusion with cold storage in rat donor lung preservation

PAN Xu-feng1*, LI Jian2*, PAN Yan3, GU Chang1, GUO Zhen2, YANG Jun1

2018, 38 (2): 151.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.007

Abstract ( 1073 )

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Objective · To establish stable rat ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) model and compare the effect of preservation between EVLP group and cold
storage group. Methods · Eight SD rats were reconditioned with EVLP for 4 h and 8 SD rats were under 3-h cold storage and 1-h EVLP. The biological
index, wet-to-dry weight ratio and concentration of Evans blue were analyzed between two groups. Results · Wet-to-dry weight ratio of lung tissue in
EVLP group was significantly lower (5.08±0.88 vs 6.09±0.48, P=0.012); Oxygenation index in EVLP group was significantly higher [(337.9±35.5) mmHg
vs (300.5±21.6) mmHg, P=0.023]; Concentration of Evans blue in EVLP group was significantly lower [(36.5±20.3) μg/mL vs (65.0±29.9) μg/mL,
P=0.043]. Conclusion · EVLP as an alternative to traditional cold storage technique can effectively alleviate the lung damage.

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Preparation of bacterial outer membrane vesicle coated nanoparticle loaded with drug and evaluation of its nasal immune effect in mice

HU Hui-bing1, HOU Xin-yu1, HE Mu-ye1, GAO Feng1, 2, 3

2018, 38 (2): 155.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.008

Abstract ( 1597 )

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] Objective · To prepare a bacterial outer membrane vesicle (OMV) coated poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) copolymer (PLGA) nanoparticle
loaded with ovalbumin (OVA) and evaluate its intranasal immune effect in mice. Methods · OMV was prepared by ultrafiltration concentration method.
OVA loaded PLGA nanoparticle (NP) was prepared by emulsion-solvent evaporation method. OMV coated PLGA nanoparticle (OMV-PLGA NP) loaded
with OVA was prepared by extrusion method and characterized. BALB/c mice were intranasally immunized and specific sIgA levels in nasal wash,
jejunum and fecal pellet were determined by ELISA. Results · Size of OVA loaded OMV-PLGA NP was (234.4±22.9) nm. The shell-core structure of
OVA loaded OMV-PLGA NP was proved by transmission electron microscope. After 14 d of administration, sIgA antibody levels in nasal wash, jejunum
and fecal pellet of OVA loaded OMV-PLGA NP treated group were the highest in all treated groups. Compared with the group treated with OMV and
OVA, OVA-specific sIgA antibody level in nasal wash, jejunum and fecal pellet of OVA loaded OMV-PLGA NP treated group was increased 1.6, 2.1 and
1.7 times, respectively. Compared with the group treated with OMV and OVA, OMV-specific sIgA antibody level in nasal wash, jejunum and fecal pellet
of OVA loaded OMV-PLGA NP treated group was all increased 1.5 times. Conclusion · This novel nanoparticle drug delivery system can simultaneously
delivery OVA and OMV to antigen presenting cells, resulting in stronger mucosal immune response in mice.

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Effects of adenoviral-mediated siRNA targeting PNUTS on proliferation and invasion of laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas Hep-2 cells

LIU Xia, YU Wei, YU Dan, CHEN Juan, LUO Xiao-hua, LI Bing

2018, 38 (2): 161.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.009

Abstract ( 1028 )

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Objective · To explore the effects of adenovirus vector-mediated small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting phosphatase nuclear targeting subunit
(PNUTS) on proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas Hep-2 cells and its
mechanism. Methods · Recombinant adenovirus vector expressing PNUTS siRNA was infected into laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas Hep-2 cells and the
experiment was designed into PBS group, Ad-GFP group and Ad-siPNUTS group. Levels of PNUTS mRNA and protein were detected by real-time PCR and
Western blotting respectively. MTT assay was used to detect proliferation abilities of Hep-2 cells. Transwell assays were used to detect invasion and migration abilities of Hep-2 cells. The expression levels of total Rb, phosphorylated Rb (p-Rb), PI3K, phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT), E2F1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and ZEB1 protein were detected by Western blotting. Results · Compared with Ad-GFP group, in Ad-siPNUTS group, the PNUTS mRNA and protein (both P=0.000) levels were dramatically decreased. The proliferation of Ad-siPNUTS infected Hep-2 cells were inhibited on the second day (P=0.004), the third day (P=0.001) and the fourth day (P=0.000). Meanwhile, the invasion and migration abilities of Ad-siPNUTS infected Hep-2 cells were decreased (both P=0.000). The expression levels of total Rb (P=0.000), p-Rb (P=0.000), PI3K (P=0.023), p-AKT (P=0.000), E2F1 (P=0.000), N-cadherin (P=0.005) and ZEB1 (P=0.000) were decreased while the E-cadherin (P=0.003) was increased. Conclusion · Ad-siPNUTS could inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration abilities of Hep-2 cells and reverse the development of EMT, which may be related to PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and Rb signaling pathway.

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Effect of fat content on left ventricular hypertrophy in peritoneal dialysis patients

LIU Miao*, SU Xin-yu*, PANG Hui-hua, YAN Hao, LI Zhen-yuan, YU Zan-zhe, ZHANG He, YUAN Jiang-zi, NI Zhao-hui, FANG Wei

2018, 38 (2): 167.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.010

Abstract ( 922 )

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Objective · To explore the association of fat content with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods · Eligible PD patients in Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from November 2016 to June 2017 were recruited.Demographic data of patients were collected and biochemical indicators were measured. Fat content was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis,and LVH was accessed using echocardiography. The prevalence of LVH in PD patients was compared between groups with different fat contents. Logistic regression was used to analyze the associated risk factors of LVH. Results · A total of 163 PD patients with a mean age of 55.85±13.20 years and a median PD duration of 46.0 (20.0, 73.0) months were enrolled. Of them, 98 patients (60.1%) were male, 34 patients (20.9%) had diabetes mellitus, 19 patients (11.7%) combined with cardiovascular disease and 122 patients (74.8%) were hypertensive. There were 51 patients (31.3%) with LVH, including 31 patients (37.8%) in high fat tissue index (FTI) group (n=82) and 20 patients (24.7%) in low FTI group (n=81). Logistic regression analysis indicated that FTI (OR=1.133, 95% CI 1.003-1.280, P=0.044), overhydration (OR=1.651, 95% CI 1.257-2.169, P=0.000) and hemoglobin (OR=0.972, 95% CI 0.948-0.997, P=0.028) were independently associated with LVH in PD patients. Conclusion · LVH is common in PD patients, especially in high fat content patients. Higher fat content, higher overhydration and lower levels of hemoglobin are risk factors for LVH in PD patients.

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Association between exposure to organophosphate pesticides and levels of oxidative stress in pregnant women with different paraoxonase 1 genotypes

JI Lin1,RUXIANGULI Aimuzi1, 2, ZHANG Yan1,SHI Rong1,ZHOU Yi-jun1,CHENG Xiao-meng3,WANG Xue-mei3,TIAN Ying1,GAO Yu1

2018, 38 (2): 174.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.011

Abstract ( 878 )

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To investigate whether paraoxonase 1 (PON1) genotypes were effect modifiers in the relationship between exposure to organophosphate pesticides (OPs) and oxidative stress level in pregnant women. Methods · A total of 204 pregnant women recruited from a hospital in Shandong Province were included in the study. Four nonspecific dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites of OPs were measured in each urine sample. Levels of two oxidative stress biomarkers [total free sulfhydryl (-SH) and malondialdehyde (MDA)] were measured in serum samples. Blood samples were also analyzed for detecting PON1 genotypes (PON1-108, PON1192 and PON155). Separate linear regression models were conducted to explore the relationship between DAP metabolite levels and oxidative stress levels in all 204 pregnant women or women within each PON1 genotype. Results · There was no significant association between DAP metabolite levels and oxidative stress levels in all 204 women. Levels of dimethyl phosphates [β (95% CI): -104.10 (-191.31, -16.88)] and dialkyl phosphates [β (95% CI): -111.78 (-221.84, -1.72)] were negatively associated with -SH level among pregnant women with PON1192RR genotype, but this association was not found among women with other genotypes. Conclusion · OP exposure may be associated with a higher oxidative stress level among pregnant women with PON1192RR genotype.

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Clinical value of central lymph node dissection and intraoperative frozen-section examination in the treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma

PAN Xian-jun1,HU Dai-xing2,SU Xin-liang2

2018, 38 (2): 180.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.012

Abstract ( 1392 )

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] Objective · To evaluate central lymph node dissection (CLND) and intraoperative frozen-section examination in the treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). Methods · Clinical data and neck lymph node metastasis of 187 PTMC patients treated by the same surgeon from October 2012 to November 2015 in Department of Endocrine Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. Results · Postoperative pathology inspection confirmed that 94 of the 187 patients were accompanied with lymph node metastasis in central region, and the metastasis rate was 50.2%. Furthermore, lymph node metastasis rate in central region was not associated with gender and age (P>0.05), but the metastasis rates of the patients with multifocal lesion, tumor diameter greater than 5 mm, capsular invasion, or tumor location in the lower third of thyroid lobe were higher (P<0.05). Twenty-two cases of the 69 patients who underwent CLND were confirmed to have lymph node metastasis in this region. When the number of lymph node metastases in the central region was greater than or equal to 2, the cases were accompanied by increased risk of lymph node metastasis in the cervical region (P<0.05). The diagnosis level of lymph node metastasis in central region by intraoperative frozen-section examination was relatively higher than current cervical lymph node-negative (cN0) standard (P<0.05), which had lower false negative rate (20.2%) than current cN0 standard (88.8%) and was highly consistent with the postoperative pathology in central lymph node metastasis diagnosis (K=0.765, P=0.000). Conclusion · PTMC has high lymph node metastasis rate in the central region. Regular CLND is recommended. Intraoperative frozen-section examination can accurately evaluate cervical lymph node metastasis to help guide operation scope of thyroid and cervical lymph nodes.

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Correlation of blood pressure variability with brachial ankle pulse wave velocity and left ventricular mass index

XU Meng-dan, DAI Qiu-yan

2018, 38 (2): 184.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.013

Abstract ( 1049 )

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Objective · To explore the association of blood pressure variability (BPV), especially diurnal blood pressure rhythm with brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI). Methods · A total of 184 hypertensive patients participated this cross sectional study. Patients were divided into dippers, non-dippers, inverted dippers and extreme dippers groups according to nocturnal systolic blood pressure (SBP) decline. baPWV and LVMI in different groups were compared. Correlation of baPWV and LVMI with blood pressure and BPV variables were analyzed by univariate and multivariate regression analysis. Results · After adjusted by age, BMI, hypertension duration, blood pressure in consulting room, SBP and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in 24 h, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterin, brain natriuretic peptide and ejection fraction, baPWV in non-dippers group and inverted-dippers group were significantly higher than that in dippers group and extreme dippers group (P=0.000), and LVMI was significantly higher in non-dippers group than in dippers group (P=0.001) and extreme-dippers group (P=0.022). baPWV and LVMI were both significantly correlated to age, 24 h SBP and 24 h DBP, SD value of 24 h SBP and 24 h DBP, daytime SBP and DBP, nocturnal SBP and DBP, SD values of daytime SBP and DBP, SD values of nocturnal SBP and DBP in univariate linear regression models (P<0.05). In multivariate linear regression model, baPWV was independently associated to SD value of nocturnal SBP (β=0.289, P=0.000), nocturnal SBP decline (β=-0.398, P=0.000), daytime SBP (β=0.214, P=0.001) and SD value of daytime DBP (β=0.207, P=0.002), while LVMI was independently associated to 24 h SBP (β=0.348, P=0.000) and SD value of nocturnal SBP (β=0.196, P=0.026). Conclusion · baPWV was independently correlated to SD value of nocturnal SBP, nocturnal SBP decline, daytime SBP and SD value of daytime DBP, while LVMI was independently correlated to 24 h SBP and SD value of nocturnal SBP.

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Application of nalmefene hydrochloride in pediatric laryngeal mask anesthesia

JIANG Yan, WEI Rong, FU Yue-zhen

2018, 38 (2): 192.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.014

Abstract ( 1106 )

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Objective · To evaluate clinical anesthetic effects of nalmefene hydrochloride in pediatric laryngeal mask anesthesia. Methods · Sixty pediatric patients who underwent short-time eye surgeries were randomly divided into nalmefene hydrochloride group (Group N) and the control group (Group C), 30 patients each group. At the end of the surgeries, patients of Group N and Group C were respectively given nalmefene hydrochloride at 0.25 μg/kg and 0.9% sodium chloride at the same volume intravenously. The situation of the patients’ respiration recovery was recorded 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 minutes after administration, including the time on which the patients’ respiration was recovered and their laryngeal masks were removed. The sedation scores (Ramsay scores) and the incidence of adverse postoperative responses were recorded after the removal of the laryngeal mask. Results · The 5-minute respiration recovery rate was high in Group N, where the 3-minute respiration recovery rate was 83.0%, while only 16.7% in Group C. Besides, respiration recovery time [(3.17±0.78) min] and time for removing laryngeal mask [(4.10±0.95) min] in Group N were shorter than those of Group C (both P<0.05). No significant difference was found in postoperative sedation scores between these two groups (P>0.05). After removing laryngeal mask, the incidence of adverse responses was lower in Group N than that in Group C (P<0.05). Conclusion · Nalmefene hydrochloride is effective in shortening respiration recovery time and laryngeal masks removing time, but makes no difference in patients’ sedative effects, with lower incidence of adverse postoperative respiratory responses.

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Association between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and risk of ventricular septal defect in offspring

ZHAO An-da1*, ZHAO Ke-na1*, JIANG Hai-bing2,HONG Hai-fa3,LI Sheng-hui1

2018, 38 (2): 195.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.015

Abstract ( 829 )

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Objective · To examine the association of maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy with the risk of ventricular septal defect (VSD) in offspring. Methods · Seventy-three children with VSD were selected as cases from June 1, 2016 to December 1, 2016; another 73 children without congenital heart or other defects were selected as controls during the corresponding period. VSD was diagnosed by clinical examination and echocardiography figure. Both cases and controls were recruited from Shanghai Children’s Medical Center. All the children’s mothers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire, which includes information on demographic characteristics and food frequency during pregnancy. Dietary patterns were defined by the factor analysis module of SPSS 23.0. The association between dietary patterns during pregnancy and VSD risk was analyzed by Logistic regression model. Results · Four dietary patterns were obtained by the factor analysis, i.e. vegetable-fruit-high-quality protein pattern, animal food pattern, high sodium and high fat pattern and aquatic product pattern. After adjusting for possible confounding factors, it was demonstrated that the vegetablefruit-high-quality protein pattern and aquatic product pattern were negatively associated with VSD risk in offspring (P<0.05). Conclusion · Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy that are rich in high-quality protein, vegetables, fruit and aquatic products may be helpful for decreasing VSD risk in offspring.

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Analysis of suicidal ideation and its related factors among migrant construction male workers in Pudong New Area, Shanghai

YU Wei-jie1,WANG Chun-ming2,DAI Hui-li3,CAI Yong1

2018, 38 (2): 200.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.016

Abstract ( 1010 )

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Objective · To understand the suicidal ideation among migrant construction male workers in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, and analyze the influence factors based on social cognitive theory. Methods · Surveys were carried out among 1 850 migrant construction male workers from 3 randomly chosen construction sites using cluster random sampling. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regressions analysis were used to explore the association between suicidal ideation and its related factors such as negative psychology, negative cognition and high-risk behavior. Results · Among the total 1 580 respondents completed the survey, 126 (8.0%) reported having suicidal ideation. In the univariate Logistic regression analysis, drug abuse, alcohol abuse, depression, generalized anxiety and loneliness were risk factors for suicidal ideation, while perceived social support was a protective factor. Five of the six variables, alcohol abuse (ORm=2.15, 95%CI 1.42–3.24), depression (ORm=2.47, 95%CI 1.17–5.21), generalized anxiety (ORm=2.24, 95%CI 1.50– 3.35), loneliness (ORm=2.09, 95%CI 1.28–3.40) and perceived social support (ORm=1.84, 95%CI 1.20–2.83) were selected by the multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Conclusion · Suicidal ideation among migrant construction male workers in Pudong New Area, Shanghai occurs under the influence of negative psychology, negative cognition and high-risk behavior. For the crowds, family and society should be actively promoted and mental health interventions should be strengthened, which could effectively prevent suicide ideation.

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Survey of tumor marker prescription behavior in lung diseases based on IMB model

ZHANG Hai-chen1, 2, MA Jin1

2018, 38 (2): 206.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.017

Abstract ( 1085 )

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Clinical research of PCSK9 inhibitors in reducing low density lipoprotein cholesterol

JI Hai-ying, YOU Sha-sha, CAO Hui-min, HE Bin

2018, 38 (2): 212.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.018

Abstract ( 1104 )

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Elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Studies show that proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a circulation enzyme and serves a pivotal function in the degradation of low density lipoprotein receptor, which contributes to the decrease in hepatic cholesterol uptake and increase in circulating LDL-C. PCSK9 inhibitor can significantly elevate the surface of low density lipoprotein receptor of liver cells and bond more LDL-C to decrease the level of LDL-C. Thus PCSK9 has emerged as a popular target for the development of new cholesterol lowering drugs and therapeutic intervention of cardiovascular disease. In this article, the history, mechanism of action, metabolic effects of PCSK9 and the clinical outcomes of PCSK9 inhibitors will be briefly reviewed.

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Research progress of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of depression disorder

XING Meng-juan, PENG Dai-hui

2018, 38 (2): 217.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.019

Abstract ( 1345 )

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Depression disorder is a kind of serious mental illness which poses high health risks and heavy financial burden to individuals and the society. Currently, there are many theories on the pathogenesis of depression disorder, such as neurotransmitter disorders, endocrine disorders, abnormal neuronal adaptability and plasticity, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction and so on. In the lately decade, the research of immune dysfunction in the pathogenesis of depression has become a newly hot-point. This review summarizes NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of depression disorder.

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Genetic progress of childhood absence epilepsy

LIU Sa, GU Ming-min

2018, 38 (2): 221.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.020

Abstract ( 1134 )

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Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is an important kind of epileptic syndrome of genetic generalized epilepsies (GGEs) with prevalence of 5.8/100 000-7.1/100 000. The genetic mechanism of CAE is always the hotspot of research. Susceptibility genes including calcium channel and γ-aminobutyric acid receptor as well as copy number variations (CNVs) have been found. However, those mechanisms cannot explain all the situations since the genetic content of CAE is rather complicated. Nowadays, with new susceptibility genes and genetic mechanisms coming to light, researchers are supposed to study this problem from the point of associated epileptic syndromes. In this review, the genetic features, probable mechanisms of CAE and therapeutic drugs were summarized.

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Neuroimaging in patients with panic disorder

WANG Yu-ping, CHEN Jue#, XIAO Ze-ping#

2018, 38 (2): 227.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.021

Abstract ( 996 )

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Panic disorder (PD) is characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks and fear of dying or losing control, which negatively influences the
social functioning and life quality of the patients. The neurobiological mechanisms underlying PD have not been clearly understood. Previous opinion held
that hyperactivity of the fear network which included amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus, brain stem and so on and dysfunction of prefrontal cortex
underlay PD. Summarizing recent advances on magnetic resonance imaging studies in PD, this review focuses on the functional, structural and metabolic
neuroanatomical alterations in the specific population. There is evidence to show that the hyperactivity of fear network, prefrontal and occipital cortex may
be involved in the pathophysiology of PD and it is necessary to revise models of anxiety disorder.

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Research progress of the local treatments on choroidal metastasis of lung cancer

YU Huan1,LI Qing-yun2

2018, 38 (2): 233.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.022

Abstract ( 842 )

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The choroid is one of the most common ocular sites for metastatic disease. Lung cancer is the first cause of choroidal metastasis among primary cancers in China. The current management of choroidal metastasis of lung cancer is based on the combination of systemic treatments and local treatments. The latter mainly include radiotherapy, transpupillary thermotherapy, photodynamic therapy, intravitreous injection and enucleation. This review covers the research progress in local treatments on choroidal metastasis of lung cancer.

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Recent research progress in the field of tumor

WU Hui, QIU Xiao-chun

2018, 38 (2): 237.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.02.023

Abstract ( 934 )

PDF (6548KB) ( 1301 )

This article summarizes the research progress in the field of cancer in the recent month, and carries out an inventory of the frontier of tumor
research from important journals (such as Nature, Science, Lancet, Cell, Cancer Res) in order to provide references for scientists.

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