›› 2011, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (8): 1179-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2011.08.029

• 论著(预防医学) • 上一篇    下一篇

建筑工地农民工艾滋病和性传播疾病健康教育效果评价

张 静, 徐 刚, 蔡 泳, 冯 易, 仇玉兰   

  1. 上海交通大学 公共卫生学院, 上海 200025
  • 出版日期:2011-08-28 发布日期:2011-08-29
  • 通讯作者: 仇玉兰, 电子信箱: qylan@sjtu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:张 静(1977—), 女, 讲师, 硕士;电子信箱: zxcclie@126.com。
  • 基金资助:

    上海市教委科研创新项目(08YS53)

Effects of health education on acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and sexually transmitted diseases among migrant construction workers

ZHANG Jing, XU Gang, CAI Yong, FENG Yi, QIU Yu-lan   

  1. School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China
  • Online:2011-08-28 Published:2011-08-29
  • Supported by:

    Shanghai Education Committee Foundation, 08YS53

摘要:

目的 了解健康教育对改变建筑工地农民工艾滋病和性传播疾病相关知识、态度、行为的效果。方法 采取整群随机抽样方法,对上海市某区3个建筑工地的1 031名男性农民工实施艾滋病和性传播疾病防治的健康教育,评价健康教育的效果。结果 健康教育后农民工对艾滋病和性传播疾病相关知识的知晓率均较教育前显著上升(P<0.001),其中对艾滋病三大传播途径(性传播、血液传播和母婴传播)和非传播途径的知晓率也有显著上升,提高程度最高的是对“窗口期无法检测到抗体”“性传播疾病和艾滋病的关系”“避免婚前性行为可以预防性传播疾病”知识的知晓率;经健康教育后,对婚前性行为和艾滋病患者的态度有显著改变,49.4%的被调查者选择对艾滋病病毒感染者不会避而远之,64.5%的被调查者认为艾滋病病毒感染者或患者应该象正常人一样生活和工作;行为调查发现,健康教育后肯定使用安全套的概率上升至54.9%;上述态度和行为改变与健康教育前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 健康教育是提高农民工有关艾滋病和性传播疾病知识、改变其相关态度的有效手段。

关键词: 艾滋病, 性传播疾病, 健康教育

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effects of health education on acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and sexually transmitted disease-related knowledge, attitude and practice among migrant construction workers. Methods Cluster random sampling was adopted to select 1 031 male migrant construction workers from 3 construction sites in a district of Shanghai, health education on acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and sexually transmitted diseases were conducted, and the effects of health education were evaluated. Results The awareness rate of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and sexually transmitted disease-related knowledge after health education was significantly higher than that before health education among migrant construction workers (P<0.001). The awareness rate of transmission routes (sex transmission, blood transmission and vertical transmission) and non-transmission routes of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was significantly increased after health education, especially on “antibody can not be detected during window period”, “relationship between sexually transmitted diseases and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome” and “sexually transmitted diseases can be prevented by avoiding premarital sex”. The attitude toward premarital sex and patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was significantly changed after health education. Among all the migrant construction workers, 49.4% chose not to avoid people infected with human immunodeficiency virus, and 64.5% believed that patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome should live and work like a normal person. Behavior survey indicated that 54.9% of migrant construction workers were for the use of condoms after health education. All the above attitude and behavior were significantly different from those before health education (P<0.01). Conclusion Health education is an effective measure to improve acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and sexually transmitted disease-related knowledge, attitude and practice among migrant construction workers.

Key words: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, sexually transmitted disease, health education