上海交通大学学报（医学版）

›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 571-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.05.011

• 专题报道（临床护理与管理） • 上一篇    下一篇

糖尿病患者足部护理知识与行为调查及影响因素分析

冯玉琳1,2, 吴觉敏1   

  1. 上海交通大学 1.护理学院, 上海 200025； 2.医学院附属瑞金医院护理部, 上海 200025
  • 出版日期:2013-05-28 发布日期:2013-05-28
  • 作者简介:冯玉琳（1989—）, 女, 护士； 电子信箱: fengyu.lin@163.com。

Survey of foot self-care knowledge and behaviors and analysis of related factors in patients with diabetes mellitus

FENG Yu-lin1,2, WU Jue-min1   

  1. 1.School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China； 2.Department of Nursing, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
  • Online:2013-05-28 Published:2013-05-28

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摘要：

目的 了解糖尿病患者足部护理知识与行为的现状，分析其影响因素。方法 采用自行设计的问卷对292例糖尿病患者的糖尿病足认知、足部护理知识和自我护理行为进行调查。结果 掌握60%以上正确知识和行为的患者仅占总数的30.5%；患者对糖尿病足的认知以及日常足部自我检查知识与行为表现最差，对鞋袜的正确选择和穿着有一定的了解；患者的知识与行为水平受到性别、年龄、文化程度、就诊医院等级以及有无糖尿病专科护士指导等因素的影响。结论 糖尿病患者足部护理知识缺乏，足部护理行为不当，有必要加强并规范足部护理相关健康教育，提高患者足部自我护理的意识和能力。

关键词: 糖尿病, 糖尿病足, 自我护理, 知识, 行为

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the status of foot self-care knowledge and behaviors in patients with diabetes mellitus, and analyse the influencing factors. Methods Two hundred and ninety-two patients with diabetes mellitus were surveyed with self-designed questionnaire on diabetic foot recognition, foot self-care knowledge and behaviors. Results Only 30.5% patients mastered over 60% of correct knowledge and behaviors. Patients showed deficiency in recognition of diabetic foot, knowledge on daily foot self-examination and behaviors, while had some learning on choosing proper shoes and socks. The status of knowledge and behaviors of patients was influenced by the gender, age, education, level of hospital and guidance from diabetes specialist nurses. Conclusion Patients with diabetes mellitus may lack of foot self-care knowledge and proper behaviors. Systematic educational approaches on foot care should be introduced to enhance the awareness and ability of foot self-care.

Key words: diabetes mellitus, diabetic foot, self-care, knowledge, behavior