
上海交通大学学报(医学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 778-785.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2022.06.012
谢依热·哈木拉提null1(
), 赵倩1, 李丞1, 宋宁1, 王颖1, 古丽洁合热·吐尔逊null1, 卜军2, 杨毅宁1,3, 李晓梅1(
)
收稿日期:2022-02-10
接受日期:2022-04-28
出版日期:2022-06-28
发布日期:2022-08-19
通讯作者:
李晓梅,电子信箱:lixm505@163.com。作者简介:谢依热·哈木拉提(1995—),女,维吾尔族,硕士生;电子信箱:905368281@qq.com。
基金资助:
Xieyire·HAMULATI 1(
), ZHAO Qian1, LI Cheng1, SONG Ning1, WANG Ying1, Gulijiehere·TUERXUN 1, PU Jun2, YANG Yining1,3, LI Xiaomei1(
)
Received:2022-02-10
Accepted:2022-04-28
Online:2022-06-28
Published:2022-08-19
Contact:
LI Xiaomei, E-mail: lixm505@163.com.Supported by:摘要:
目的·探讨缺血性心脑血管共患疾病的临床特征、住院天数延长的实际影响因素。方法·利用电子病历(electronic medical record,EMR)选取新疆医科大学第一附属医院2009年12月—2020年6月首次就诊并诊断为冠心病(coronary artery heart disease,CHD)或脑血管疾病的患者,根据其诊断分为冠心病组、脑血管病组、共患组,回顾分析比较各组的临床资料、住院费用及住院天数,比较各组不同费用与住院总费用之间的相关性,采用Logistic回归分析影响住院天数延长的因素。结果·研究共纳入22 216例患者。与单患组相比,共患组患者年龄较大,为(67±9)岁,且高血压、房颤患病率较高,分别为75.4%、9.0%;低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-Ch)、白细胞(white blood cell,WBC)、血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)水平高(均P<0.05)。CHD组男性占比高(65.8%,P=0.000),有吸烟、饮酒习惯的患者占比高为37.2%和23.5%,且糖尿病、血脂异常患病率高,分别为43.8%、64.0%(均P<0.05)。在住院费用方面,共患组耗材费与住院总费用之间相关性较强(P=0.000),共患病的发生导致耗材费和自费费用增加。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别(男性)(OR=1.158,95%CI 1.004~1.336,P=0.045)、年龄(≥65岁)(OR=1.317,95%CI 1.112~1.559,P=0.000)、血脂异常(OR=1.361,95%CI 1.167~1.586,P=0.000)均与住院天数延长存在一定相关性(均P<0.05)。患者血压升高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-Ch)降低、患有房颤会增加住院天数。结论·心脑血管共患疾病患者具有年龄大,血压高,房颤患病率高,以及LDL-Ch、WBC、Hb水平较高的特点。而男性、年龄增长、血脂异常为影响心脑血管共患病患者住院天数延长的主要危险因素。
中图分类号:
谢依热·哈木拉提null, 赵倩, 李丞, 宋宁, 王颖, 古丽洁合热·吐尔逊null, 卜军, 杨毅宁, 李晓梅. 基于真实世界的缺血性心脑血管共患疾病的临床特征及卫生经济学评价[J]. 上海交通大学学报(医学版), 2022, 42(6): 778-785.
Xieyire·HAMULATI , ZHAO Qian, LI Cheng, SONG Ning, WANG Ying, Gulijiehere·TUERXUN , PU Jun, YANG Yining, LI Xiaomei. Clinical characteristics and health economics evaluation of real-world-based ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2022, 42(6): 778-785.
| Item | CHD group (n=12 274) | Cerebrovascular disease group (n=5 486) | Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities group (n=4 456) | χ2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age/year | 64±10 | 61±13 | 67±9 | 621.87 | 0.000①②③ |
| Gender(male)/n(%) | 8 080 (65.8) | 3 120 (56.9) | 2 688 (60.3) | 141.25 | 0.000①②③ |
| Smoking/n(%) | 3 349 (37.2) | 541 (29.7) | 907 (36.8) | 37.99 | 0.000②③ |
| Drinking/n(%) | 2 112 (23.5) | 364 (20.0) | 423 (17.8) | 39.93 | 0.000①③ |
| SBP/mmHg | 129±20 | 133±21 | 133±20 | 139.60 | 0.000①③ |
| DBP/mmHg | 76±12 | 78±12 | 77±12 | 80.50 | 0.000①②③ |
| HR/(times·min-1) | 79±13 | 79±12 | 77±12 | 65.62 | 0.000①② |
| Hypertension/ n(%) | 8 681 (70.7) | 3 520 (64.2) | 3 361 (75.4) | 152.93 | 0.000①②③ |
| Diabetes/n(%) | 5 375 (43.8) | 1 747 (31.8) | 1 598 (35.9) | 253.80 | 0.000①②③ |
| Atrial fibrillation/n(%) | 1 076 (8.8) | 282 (5.1) | 400 (9.0) | 77.06 | 0.000②③ |
| Dyslipidemia/n(%) | 6 383 (64.0) | 1 894 (41.3) | 2 055 (55.4) | 662.75 | 0.000①②③ |
表1 CHD组、脑血管病组、共患组患者一般资料比较
Tab 1 Comparison of general data among patients in the CHD group, cerebrovascular disease group and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities group
| Item | CHD group (n=12 274) | Cerebrovascular disease group (n=5 486) | Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities group (n=4 456) | χ2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age/year | 64±10 | 61±13 | 67±9 | 621.87 | 0.000①②③ |
| Gender(male)/n(%) | 8 080 (65.8) | 3 120 (56.9) | 2 688 (60.3) | 141.25 | 0.000①②③ |
| Smoking/n(%) | 3 349 (37.2) | 541 (29.7) | 907 (36.8) | 37.99 | 0.000②③ |
| Drinking/n(%) | 2 112 (23.5) | 364 (20.0) | 423 (17.8) | 39.93 | 0.000①③ |
| SBP/mmHg | 129±20 | 133±21 | 133±20 | 139.60 | 0.000①③ |
| DBP/mmHg | 76±12 | 78±12 | 77±12 | 80.50 | 0.000①②③ |
| HR/(times·min-1) | 79±13 | 79±12 | 77±12 | 65.62 | 0.000①② |
| Hypertension/ n(%) | 8 681 (70.7) | 3 520 (64.2) | 3 361 (75.4) | 152.93 | 0.000①②③ |
| Diabetes/n(%) | 5 375 (43.8) | 1 747 (31.8) | 1 598 (35.9) | 253.80 | 0.000①②③ |
| Atrial fibrillation/n(%) | 1 076 (8.8) | 282 (5.1) | 400 (9.0) | 77.06 | 0.000②③ |
| Dyslipidemia/n(%) | 6 383 (64.0) | 1 894 (41.3) | 2 055 (55.4) | 662.75 | 0.000①②③ |
| Item | CHD group (n=12 274) | Cerebrovascular disease group (n=5 486) | Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities group (n=4 456) | Z/χ2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TAG/(mmol·L-1) | 1.43 (1.04,2.06) | 1.43 (1.04,2.11) | 1.37 (1.02,2.00) | 8.75 | 0.013①② |
| TC/(mmol·L-1) | 3.82±1.13 | 4.02±1.14 | 3.68±1.26 | 121.46 | 0.000①②③ |
| HDL-Ch/(mmol·L-1) | 1.07±0.34 | 1.16±0.49 | 1.18±0.52 | 107.05 | 0.000①③ |
| LDL-Ch/(mmol·L-1) | 2.44±0.91 | 2.61±0.96 | 2.69±1.65 | 114.08 | 0.000①②③ |
| Urea nitrogen/(mmol·L-1) | 6.26±2.03 | 5.72±1.98 | 5.74±1.89 | 294.23 | 0.000①③ |
| Cr/(μmol·L-1) | 82.59±37.28 | 73.16±26.96 | 76.59±27.04 | 348.39 | 0.000①②③ |
| TB/(μmol·L-1) | 10.90 (8.30,16.20) | 10.20 (8.10,14.99) | 10.60 (8.20,15.30) | 36.05 | 0.000①③ |
| DB/(μmol·L-1) | 3.80 (2.59,5.40) | 3.77 (2.53,5.30) | 3.82 (2.70,5.30) | 3.52 | 0.172 |
| UBC/(μmol·L-1) | 7.90 (5.50,10.40) | 7.70 (5.46,9.83) | 7.60 (5.30,9.99) | 22.37 | 0.000①③ |
| Uric acid/(μmol·L-1) | 376.67±150.75 | 339.28±130.53 | 343.75±128.36 | 317.30 | 0.000①③ |
| WBC/(×109·L-1) | 7.91±4.98 | 7.54±2.78 | 7.99±4.98 | 3 168.00 | 0.000①② |
| RBC/(×1012·L-1) | 4.61±0.68 | 4.60±0.63 | 4.58±0.58 | 14.76 | 0.001① |
| Hb/(g·L-1) | 133.31±22.58 | 134.18±21.22 | 135.94±19.07 | 14.69 | 0.001① |
| PLT/(×109·L-1) | 230.41±82.99 | 237.45±83.97 | 225.86±74.15 | 44.92 | 0.000①②③ |
表2 CHD组、脑血管病组、共患组患者生化指标比较
Tab 2 Comparison of blood biochemical indexes among patients in the CHD group, cerebrovascular disease group and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities group
| Item | CHD group (n=12 274) | Cerebrovascular disease group (n=5 486) | Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities group (n=4 456) | Z/χ2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TAG/(mmol·L-1) | 1.43 (1.04,2.06) | 1.43 (1.04,2.11) | 1.37 (1.02,2.00) | 8.75 | 0.013①② |
| TC/(mmol·L-1) | 3.82±1.13 | 4.02±1.14 | 3.68±1.26 | 121.46 | 0.000①②③ |
| HDL-Ch/(mmol·L-1) | 1.07±0.34 | 1.16±0.49 | 1.18±0.52 | 107.05 | 0.000①③ |
| LDL-Ch/(mmol·L-1) | 2.44±0.91 | 2.61±0.96 | 2.69±1.65 | 114.08 | 0.000①②③ |
| Urea nitrogen/(mmol·L-1) | 6.26±2.03 | 5.72±1.98 | 5.74±1.89 | 294.23 | 0.000①③ |
| Cr/(μmol·L-1) | 82.59±37.28 | 73.16±26.96 | 76.59±27.04 | 348.39 | 0.000①②③ |
| TB/(μmol·L-1) | 10.90 (8.30,16.20) | 10.20 (8.10,14.99) | 10.60 (8.20,15.30) | 36.05 | 0.000①③ |
| DB/(μmol·L-1) | 3.80 (2.59,5.40) | 3.77 (2.53,5.30) | 3.82 (2.70,5.30) | 3.52 | 0.172 |
| UBC/(μmol·L-1) | 7.90 (5.50,10.40) | 7.70 (5.46,9.83) | 7.60 (5.30,9.99) | 22.37 | 0.000①③ |
| Uric acid/(μmol·L-1) | 376.67±150.75 | 339.28±130.53 | 343.75±128.36 | 317.30 | 0.000①③ |
| WBC/(×109·L-1) | 7.91±4.98 | 7.54±2.78 | 7.99±4.98 | 3 168.00 | 0.000①② |
| RBC/(×1012·L-1) | 4.61±0.68 | 4.60±0.63 | 4.58±0.58 | 14.76 | 0.001① |
| Hb/(g·L-1) | 133.31±22.58 | 134.18±21.22 | 135.94±19.07 | 14.69 | 0.001① |
| PLT/(×109·L-1) | 230.41±82.99 | 237.45±83.97 | 225.86±74.15 | 44.92 | 0.000①②③ |
| Item | CHD group (n=12 274) | Cerebrovascular disease group (n=5 486) | Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities group (n=4 456) | Z | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospitalization day/d | 7 (6,10) | 9 (7,14) | 8 (6,11) | 821.51 | 0.000①②③ |
| Hospitalization cost/wanyuan | 1.10 (0.77,2.15) | 1.09 (0.70,2.00) | 1.08 (0.75,1.93) | 15.17 | 0.000②③ |
| Nursing care cost/yuan | 111 (56,198) | 126 (60,246) | 108 (54,186) | 108.38 | 0.000①②③ |
| Medical service cost/yuan | 270 (164,440) | 329 (214,540) | 285 (202,426) | 301.07 | 0.000①②③ |
| Treatment operation cost/yuan | 160 (22,771) | 212 (29,1 214) | 182 (38,757) | 81.52 | 0.000①③ |
| Laboratory cost/wanyuan | 0.21 (0.13,0.33) | 0.15 (0.08,0.25) | 0.16 (0.09,0.24) | 687.72 | 0.000①③ |
| Inspection cost/wanyuan | 0.13 (0.07,0.21) | 0.17 (0.10,0.24) | 0.17 (0.11,0.24) | 459.50 | 0.000①③ |
| Western medicine cost/wanyuan | 0.23 (0.10,0.51) | 0.34 (0.13,0.80) | 0.29 (0.13,0.61) | 275.08 | 0.000①②③ |
| Consumables cost/yuan | 354.29 (102.11,1 584.32) | 358.72 (154.24,1 399.67) | 454.08 (231.60,1 766.33) | 187.93 | 0.000①② |
| Other cost/wanyuan | 0.25 (0.10,0.48) | 0.25 (0.12,0.53) | 0.23 (0.10,0.45) | 156.62 | 0.000①②③ |
| Self-supporting cost/wanyuan | 0.57 (0.25,1.12) | 0.68 (0.28,1.55) | 0.68 (0.28,1.27) | 71.15 | 0.000①③ |
表3 CHD组、脑血管病组、共患组住院天数及住院费用比较
Tab 3 Comparison of hospitalization days and costs among patients in the CHD group, cerebrovascular disease group and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities group
| Item | CHD group (n=12 274) | Cerebrovascular disease group (n=5 486) | Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities group (n=4 456) | Z | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospitalization day/d | 7 (6,10) | 9 (7,14) | 8 (6,11) | 821.51 | 0.000①②③ |
| Hospitalization cost/wanyuan | 1.10 (0.77,2.15) | 1.09 (0.70,2.00) | 1.08 (0.75,1.93) | 15.17 | 0.000②③ |
| Nursing care cost/yuan | 111 (56,198) | 126 (60,246) | 108 (54,186) | 108.38 | 0.000①②③ |
| Medical service cost/yuan | 270 (164,440) | 329 (214,540) | 285 (202,426) | 301.07 | 0.000①②③ |
| Treatment operation cost/yuan | 160 (22,771) | 212 (29,1 214) | 182 (38,757) | 81.52 | 0.000①③ |
| Laboratory cost/wanyuan | 0.21 (0.13,0.33) | 0.15 (0.08,0.25) | 0.16 (0.09,0.24) | 687.72 | 0.000①③ |
| Inspection cost/wanyuan | 0.13 (0.07,0.21) | 0.17 (0.10,0.24) | 0.17 (0.11,0.24) | 459.50 | 0.000①③ |
| Western medicine cost/wanyuan | 0.23 (0.10,0.51) | 0.34 (0.13,0.80) | 0.29 (0.13,0.61) | 275.08 | 0.000①②③ |
| Consumables cost/yuan | 354.29 (102.11,1 584.32) | 358.72 (154.24,1 399.67) | 454.08 (231.60,1 766.33) | 187.93 | 0.000①② |
| Other cost/wanyuan | 0.25 (0.10,0.48) | 0.25 (0.12,0.53) | 0.23 (0.10,0.45) | 156.62 | 0.000①②③ |
| Self-supporting cost/wanyuan | 0.57 (0.25,1.12) | 0.68 (0.28,1.55) | 0.68 (0.28,1.27) | 71.15 | 0.000①③ |
| Item | CHD group (n=12 274) | Cerebrovascular disease group (n=5 486) | Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities group (n=4 456) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospitalization day | 0.523 | 0.691 | 0.485 | 0.000①②③ |
| Nursing care cost | 0.553 | 0.656 | 0.545 | 0.000①②③ |
| Medical service cost | 0.478 | 0.616 | 0.496 | 0.000①②③ |
| Treatment operation cost | 0.553 | 0.699 | 0.621 | 0.000①②③ |
| Laboratory cost | 0.512 | 0.496 | 0.491 | 0.000①②③ |
| Inspection cost | 0.181 | 0.293 | 0.170 | 0.000①②③ |
| Western medicine cost | 0.705 | 0.838 | 0.700 | 0.000①②③ |
| Consumables cost | 0.649 | 0.730 | 0.765 | 0.000①②③ |
| Other cost | 0.758 | 0.792 | 0.782 | 0.000①②③ |
表4 CHD组、脑血管病组、共患组住院天数及各类别费用与住院总费用相关性分析
Tab 4 Correlation analysis of hospitalization days and expenses of each category with total hospitalization costs in the CHD group, cerebrovascular disease group and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities group
| Item | CHD group (n=12 274) | Cerebrovascular disease group (n=5 486) | Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities group (n=4 456) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospitalization day | 0.523 | 0.691 | 0.485 | 0.000①②③ |
| Nursing care cost | 0.553 | 0.656 | 0.545 | 0.000①②③ |
| Medical service cost | 0.478 | 0.616 | 0.496 | 0.000①②③ |
| Treatment operation cost | 0.553 | 0.699 | 0.621 | 0.000①②③ |
| Laboratory cost | 0.512 | 0.496 | 0.491 | 0.000①②③ |
| Inspection cost | 0.181 | 0.293 | 0.170 | 0.000①②③ |
| Western medicine cost | 0.705 | 0.838 | 0.700 | 0.000①②③ |
| Consumables cost | 0.649 | 0.730 | 0.765 | 0.000①②③ |
| Other cost | 0.758 | 0.792 | 0.782 | 0.000①②③ |
| Item | Univariate Logistic regression analysis | Multivariate Logistic regression analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR(95%CI) | P value | OR(95%CI) | P value | |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | Ref | ‒ | Ref | ‒ |
| Male | 1.183 (048‒1.336) | 0.007 | 1.158 (1.004‒1.336) | 0.045 |
| Age | ||||
| <65 years old | Ref | ‒ | Ref | ‒ |
| ≥65 years old | 1.174 (1.037‒1.329) | 0.011 | 1.317 (1.112‒1.559) | 0.000 |
| Smoking | 1.078 (0.909‒1.278) | 0.386 | ‒ | ‒ |
| Drinking | 0.993 (0.798‒1.236) | 0.949 | ‒ | ‒ |
| HR | 1.007 (1.002‒1.012) | 0.012 | 1.002 (0.995‒1.009) | 0.540 |
| Hypertension | 0.913 (0.799‒1.051) | 0.213 | 0.845 (0.709‒1.007) | 0.060 |
| Diabetes | 1.131 (1.000‒1.279) | 0.051 | 1.138 (0.969‒1.337) | 0.114 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.363 (1.110‒1.675) | 0.003 | 1.270 (0.943‒1.712) | 0.116 |
| Dyslipidemia | 1.319 (1.156‒1.504) | 0.000 | 1.361 (1.167‒1.586) | 0.000 |
| Urea nitrogen | 1.065 (1.030‒1.103) | 0.000 | 1.018 (0.970‒1.068) | 0.470 |
| Cr | 1.231 (1.001‒1.513) | 0.049 | 1.004 (1.000‒1.008) | 0.053 |
| TB | 1.003 (0.994‒1.013) | 0.470 | ‒ | ‒ |
| DB | 1.017 (0.999‒1.034) | 0.062 | 1.070 (1.035‒1.107) | 0.000 |
| UBC | 1.002 (0.991‒1.012) | 0.751 | ‒ | ‒ |
| Uric acid | 1.000 (0.999‒1.000) | 0.946 | ‒ | ‒ |
| WBC | 1.010 (0.995‒1.025) | 0.184 | ‒ | ‒ |
| RBC | 0.983 (0.877‒1.102) | 0.768 | ‒ | ‒ |
| Hb | 0.995 (0.992‒0.998) | 0.002 | 0.995 (0.990‒1.000) | 0.033 |
| PLT | 1.001 (1.000‒1.002) | 0.007 | 1.001 (1.000‒1.002) | 0.010 |
表5 共患组患者住院天数的影响因素分析
Tab 5 Factor analysis of the number of hospitalization days in the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities group
| Item | Univariate Logistic regression analysis | Multivariate Logistic regression analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR(95%CI) | P value | OR(95%CI) | P value | |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | Ref | ‒ | Ref | ‒ |
| Male | 1.183 (048‒1.336) | 0.007 | 1.158 (1.004‒1.336) | 0.045 |
| Age | ||||
| <65 years old | Ref | ‒ | Ref | ‒ |
| ≥65 years old | 1.174 (1.037‒1.329) | 0.011 | 1.317 (1.112‒1.559) | 0.000 |
| Smoking | 1.078 (0.909‒1.278) | 0.386 | ‒ | ‒ |
| Drinking | 0.993 (0.798‒1.236) | 0.949 | ‒ | ‒ |
| HR | 1.007 (1.002‒1.012) | 0.012 | 1.002 (0.995‒1.009) | 0.540 |
| Hypertension | 0.913 (0.799‒1.051) | 0.213 | 0.845 (0.709‒1.007) | 0.060 |
| Diabetes | 1.131 (1.000‒1.279) | 0.051 | 1.138 (0.969‒1.337) | 0.114 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.363 (1.110‒1.675) | 0.003 | 1.270 (0.943‒1.712) | 0.116 |
| Dyslipidemia | 1.319 (1.156‒1.504) | 0.000 | 1.361 (1.167‒1.586) | 0.000 |
| Urea nitrogen | 1.065 (1.030‒1.103) | 0.000 | 1.018 (0.970‒1.068) | 0.470 |
| Cr | 1.231 (1.001‒1.513) | 0.049 | 1.004 (1.000‒1.008) | 0.053 |
| TB | 1.003 (0.994‒1.013) | 0.470 | ‒ | ‒ |
| DB | 1.017 (0.999‒1.034) | 0.062 | 1.070 (1.035‒1.107) | 0.000 |
| UBC | 1.002 (0.991‒1.012) | 0.751 | ‒ | ‒ |
| Uric acid | 1.000 (0.999‒1.000) | 0.946 | ‒ | ‒ |
| WBC | 1.010 (0.995‒1.025) | 0.184 | ‒ | ‒ |
| RBC | 0.983 (0.877‒1.102) | 0.768 | ‒ | ‒ |
| Hb | 0.995 (0.992‒0.998) | 0.002 | 0.995 (0.990‒1.000) | 0.033 |
| PLT | 1.001 (1.000‒1.002) | 0.007 | 1.001 (1.000‒1.002) | 0.010 |
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