内体分拣转运复合物与自噬关系的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2021.09.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

自噬是一种细胞内降解途径，可将大量细胞质、受损细胞器等底物包裹后运至溶酶体降解从而维持细胞内稳态。在自噬过程中，自噬流的完整性是必需的。影响自噬流通畅的因素很多，如广受关注的内体分拣转运复合物（endosomal sorting complexes required for transport，ESCRT）与自噬的相互关系。ESCRT主要负责膜的剪切，介导细胞膜重构和分裂，在细胞内吞和胞质分裂过程中发挥重要作用。近年来，大量研究表明ESCRT突变体内常积累自噬小体，从而使自噬流受到影响。深入研究提示ESCRT参与调节不同类型自噬的多个过程，而且其亚单位与自噬相关蛋白之间也有交互作用。该文对近年来的相关研究进行综述。

关键词: 自噬, 内体分拣转运复合物, 自噬小体, 内体

Abstract:

Autophagy is an intracellular degradation pathway, which can transport a large number of cytoplasmic, damaged organelles and other substrates to lysosomes for degradation to maintain intracellular homeostasis. In the process of autophagy, the integrity of autophagy flow should be ensured. Many factors affect the smooth autophagy flow, including the relationship between endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) and autophagy. ESCRT is mainly responsible for membrane shearing, mediating cell membrane remodeling and division, and plays an important role in the process of endocytosis and cytokinesis. In recent years, many studies have shown that ESCRT mutants generally present an accumulation of autophagosomes, suggesting that autophagy flow is affected. In-depth studies indicate that ESCRT is involved in the regulation of several processes of different types of autophagy, and its subunits also interact with autophagy-related proteins. This article reviews the related research in recent years.

Key words: autophagy, endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT), autophagosome, endosome

中图分类号:

R33-3

李艺, 孙大伟, 崔德荣. 内体分拣转运复合物与自噬关系的研究进展[J]. 上海交通大学学报(医学版), 2021, 41(9): 1256-1260.

Yi LI, Da-wei SUN, De-rong CUI. Research progress in the relationship between endosomal sorting complexes required for transport and autophagy[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCIENCE), 2021, 41(9): 1256-1260.

图/表 2

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ESCRT machinery	Yeast	Human
ESCRT
ESCRT-0	Vps27	HRS
	Hse1	STAM-1
ESCRT-Ⅰ	Vps23	TSG101
	Vps28	VPS28
	Vps37	VPS37A， B， C， D
	MVB12	MVB12A， B
ESCRT-Ⅱ	Vps22	EAP30
	Vps25	VPS25
	Vps36	VPS36
ESCRT-Ⅲ	Vps2	CHMP2A， B
	Vps20	CHMP6
	Vps24	CHMP3
	Vps32/Snf7	CHMP4A， B， C
	Did2/Vps46	CHMP1A， B
	Vps60/Chm5	CHMP5
	Ist1	IST1
	Chm7	CHMP7
Accessory factor	Vps4	VPS4A， B/SKD1， 2
	Vta1	LIP5
Other
ESCRT associated factor	‒	TOM1
	Bro1	PDCD6IP/ALIX

ESCRT machinery	Yeast	Human
ESCRT
ESCRT-0	Vps27	HRS
	Hse1	STAM-1
ESCRT-Ⅰ	Vps23	TSG101
	Vps28	VPS28
	Vps37	VPS37A， B， C， D
	MVB12	MVB12A， B
ESCRT-Ⅱ	Vps22	EAP30
	Vps25	VPS25
	Vps36	VPS36
ESCRT-Ⅲ	Vps2	CHMP2A， B
	Vps20	CHMP6
	Vps24	CHMP3
	Vps32/Snf7	CHMP4A， B， C
	Did2/Vps46	CHMP1A， B
	Vps60/Chm5	CHMP5
	Ist1	IST1
	Chm7	CHMP7
Accessory factor	Vps4	VPS4A， B/SKD1， 2
	Vta1	LIP5
Other
ESCRT associated factor	‒	TOM1
	Bro1	PDCD6IP/ALIX

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