上海交通大学学报（医学版）

›› 2011, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 1724-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2011.12.014

• 论著（临床研究） • 上一篇    下一篇

急性期精神分裂症的基于事件前瞻记忆研究

卓恺明1, 杨治良2, 宋振华1, 吴 彦1, 季陈凤1, 施慎逊1, 刘登堂1,2, 徐一峰1   

  1. 1.上海交通大学 医学院附属精神卫生中心, 上海 200030； 2.华东师范大学心理学系, 上海 200062
  • 出版日期:2011-12-28 发布日期:2012-01-04
  • 通讯作者: 刘登堂, 电子信箱: erliu110@126.com；徐一峰, 电子信箱: hyyyyb@gmail.com。
  • 作者简介:卓恺明（1981—）, 男, 硕士生；电子信箱: zhuokm@163.com。
  • 基金资助:

    中国博士后科学基金（20080430634）；上海市科委自然基金（11ZR1431600）；上海市精神卫生中心科研基金（08-14）

Event-based prospective memory during acute phase schizophrenia

ZHUO Kai-ming1, YANG Zhi-liang2, SONG Zhen-hua1, WU Yan1, JI Chen-feng1, SHI Shen-xun1, LIU Deng-tang1,2, XU Yi-feng1   

  1. 1.Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030,China；2.Department of Psychology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Online:2011-12-28 Published:2012-01-04
  • Supported by:

    Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China, 20080430634；Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Foundation, 11ZR1431600；Shanghai Mental Health Center Foundation, 08-14

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摘要：

目的 探讨急性期、近期未服药精神分裂症患者是否存在基于事件前瞻记忆缺陷。方法 49例健康志愿者入组健康对照组；51例近期未服药的急性期精神分裂症患者入组精神分裂症组，进一步分为首发精神分裂症亚组(n=23)和慢性精神分裂症亚组(n=28)。应用基于事件前瞻记忆实验范式测评前瞻记忆，再认法测评回溯记忆，空间广度测验测评视空间觉工作记忆，应用阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）评定患者精神症状的严重程度。结果 精神分裂症组的前瞻记忆、回溯记忆和视空间觉工作记忆成绩均低于健康对照组（P分别为0.008、0.016和0.001），控制回溯记忆、视空间觉工作记忆等因素后，精神分裂症组的前瞻记忆成绩仍低于健康对照组（P<0.05）。精神分裂症组的前瞻记忆与受教育程度呈正相关（r=0.405，P<0.05），与年龄、病程、PANSS总分及阴性分均呈负相关（r分别为－0.41、－0.5、－0.345和－0.486，均P<0.05）。首发精神分裂症亚组与慢性精神分裂症亚组前瞻记忆、回溯记忆和视空间觉工作记忆成绩的组间差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。结论 急性期精神分裂症存在明显的基于事件前瞻记忆缺陷，首发和慢性精神分裂症患者的前瞻记忆缺陷程度相似，精神分裂症的前瞻记忆缺陷属于原发性认知缺陷。

关键词: 精神分裂症, 前瞻记忆, 回溯记忆, 工作记忆

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the event-based prospective memory deficit in patients with acute and drug-free schizophrenia. Methods Forty-nine healthy controls (healthy control group) and 51 patients with acute and drug-free schizophrenia (schizophrenia group) were enrolled, and the latter were further divided into first-episode schizophrenia subgroup (n=23) and chronic schizophrenia subgroup (n=28). Prospective memory was assessed with event-based prospective memory pattern, retrospective memory was determined with recognition test, visuo-spatial working memory was examined with spatial span test, and the severity of psychotic symptoms was evaluated with Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS). Results The prospective memory, retrospective memory and visuo-spatial working memory in schizophrenia group were significantly lower than those in healthy control group (P=0.008, P=0.016 and P=0.001 respectively). After controlling for retrospective memory and visuo-spatial working memory, the prospective memory in schizophrenia group was still lower than that in healthy control group (P<0.05). In schizophrenia group, prospective memory was positively correlated with education （r=0.405，P＜0.05）, and was negatively correlated with age, disease duration, PANSS total score and negative symptom score （r=－0.41, r=－0.5, r=－0.345 and r=－0.486 respectively, P＜0.05 for all）. There was no significant difference in prospective memory, retrospective memory and visuo-spatial working memory between first-episode schizophrenia subgroup and chronic schizophrenia subgroup (P＜0.05 for all）. Conclusion There exists significant prospective memory deficit during acute phase schizophrenia, and the prospective memory deficit in first-episode patients is similar to that of the chronic patients. The prospective memory deficit in patients with schizophrenia is a kind of primary cognitive deficit.

Key words: schizophrenia, prospective memory, retrospective memory, working memory