硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白：椎间盘退变的潜在新治疗靶点

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2026.05.002

上海交通大学学报（医学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 568-575.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2026.05.002

• 前沿述评 • 上一篇

硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白：椎间盘退变的潜在新治疗靶点

刘亚东¹^,², 董金伟¹, 王子慧¹, 吕泽坤²^,³, 丁宝志², 马辉¹^,²^,³^,⁴()

^1.云南中医药大学第二临床医学院，昆明 650500
^2.上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院骨科，上海 201999
^3.上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院上海市骨科内植物重点实验室，上海 200011
^4.上海大学附属仁和医院骨科，上海 200431

收稿日期:2025-09-28 接受日期:2026-02-06 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-05-15
通讯作者: 马　辉，主任医师，博士；电子信箱：sh9_spine@163.com。
基金资助:
上海市自然科学基金(23ZR1447400);云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2025Y0641)

Thioredoxin-interacting protein: a potential novel therapeutic target for intervertebral disc degeneration

Liu Yadong¹^,², Dong Jinwei¹, Wang Zihui¹, Lü Zekun²^,³, Ding Baozhi², Ma Hui¹^,²^,³^,⁴()

^1.Second Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
^2.Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201999, China
^3.Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
^4.Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Renhe Hospital of Shanghai University, Shanghai 200431, China

Received:2025-09-28 Accepted:2026-02-06 Online:2026-05-15 Published:2026-05-15
Contact: Ma Hui, E-mail: sh9_spine@163.com.
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(23ZR1447400);Scientific Research Foundation of Education Department of Yunnan Province of China(2025Y0641)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物标志物的识别对于开发椎间盘退变（intervertebral disc degeneration，IVDD）的新型治疗策略至关重要。硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白（thioredoxin-interacting protein，TXNIP）作为α-抑制蛋白家族成员，受多种细胞应激因素调控，并通过与硫氧还蛋白结合，抑制其抗氧化功能，进而增强氧化应激。此外，TXNIP还能与核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3（nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3，NLRP3）相互作用，直接激活炎症通路，在IVDD进程中发挥关键作用。IVDD是与衰老、氧化应激及慢性炎症密切相关的常见退行性疾病，目前缺乏有效逆转其进展的药物。近年来研究表明，在退变椎间盘中，TXNIP表达水平与炎症因子、氧化损伤及细胞死亡密切相关，提示TXNIP可能成为串联IVDD多种病理机制的核心分子节点。该综述系统阐述了TXNIP在氧化应激、炎症激活、代谢重编程、细胞焦亡与凋亡等方面的生物学功能及其调控网络，总结其在IVDD发生发展中的关键作用；并进一步从转化医学角度，总结目前针对TXNIP的小分子抑制剂、天然化合物、基因干预及生物材料等治疗策略的研究进展，提出以TXNIP为靶点的多模式治疗路径与临床转化方向，旨在为IVDD的机制研究与靶向治疗提供新思路与理论依据。

关键词: 硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白, 椎间盘退变, 靶向治疗

Abstract:

The identification of biomarkers is essential for developing innovative therapeutic strategies for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), a member of the α-arrestin protein family, is modulated by various cellular stress responses and inhibits the antioxidant activity of thioredoxin through direct binding, thereby promoting oxidative stress. Furthermore, TXNIP interacts with nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) to directly activate inflammatory pathways, playing a pivotal role in IVDD progression. IVDD is a common degenerative disorder closely associated with aging, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation. Currently, there are no effective drugs to reverse its progression. Recent studies have shown that, in degenerated intervertebral discs, TXNIP expression level is closely associated with inflammatory factors, oxidative damage, and cell death, indicating that TXNIP may serve as a central molecular node linking multiple pathological mechanisms in IVDD. This review systematically elucidates the biological functions of TXNIP in oxidative stress, inflammatory activation, metabolic reprogramming, pyroptosis, and apoptosis, as well as its regulatory networks, and summarizes its pivotal role in the occurrence and development of IVDD. Furthermore, from a translational medicine perspective, this review summarizes the current research progress of therapeutic strategies targeting TXNIP, including small-molecule inhibitors, natural compounds, genetic interventions, and biomaterials, and proposes a multimodal therapeutic pathway and clinical translation direction targeting TXNIP, aiming to provide new insights and theoretical foundations for the mechanistic research and targeted treatment of IVDD.

Key words: thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), targeted therapy

中图分类号:

R681.5⁺3

刘亚东, 董金伟, 王子慧, 吕泽坤, 丁宝志, 马辉. 硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白：椎间盘退变的潜在新治疗靶点[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2026, 46(5): 568-575.

Liu Yadong, Dong Jinwei, Wang Zihui, Lü Zekun, Ding Baozhi, Ma Hui. Thioredoxin-interacting protein: a potential novel therapeutic target for intervertebral disc degeneration[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2026, 46(5): 568-575.

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硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白：椎间盘退变的潜在新治疗靶点

Thioredoxin-interacting protein: a potential novel therapeutic target for intervertebral disc degeneration

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